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Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
South Korea has transformed itself into a dominantly migrant-receiving country over the last three decades. Korea makes an important case in studying-migration transition due to the high speed of migration growth and diversifying patterns of migration. This paper identifies the patterns of migration growth in Korea and analyzes various contributing factors from both migrant sending and receiving countries perspectives. It was found that labor migrants, un-skilled in particular, are the largest contributor to the growth and family migrants, notably female marriage migrants, have been increasingly important. On top of that, ethnic Korean migrants are significant in both the labor market and family migration routes. The factor analysis shows that labor market conditions, in terms of higher income and wider job opportunity, in the destination are the strongest driver, but the actual migration flows are not fully explained by economic disparities. Rather, migration flows to Korea, either economic migration or non-economic migration, are influenced by a complex interplay of push, pull, and network factors on the state, family and individual level. However, in all cases the state's policy considerations and settings have played, and will continue to play, a pivotal role in determining the scale and patterns of migration transition in Korea.

Abstrak :
North Korean refugees face myriad challenges in China which makes it difficult to obtain access to formal education. The Chinese classifies them as ilegal, economic migrants. If they are caught by authorities in China, they face deportation to North Korea, which can result in torture, incarceation, and even execuation. It is important to learn more about the educational experiences, both formal and informal, of Nortjh Korean refugees in China so that aid organizations can better assist them by providing quality educational programs while concealing the refugees identities. Paticipants in the study were North Korean refugees in their twenties who live South Korean and had travelled through China or lived in China prior to againing asylum through a South Korean consultateThe study was conducted with North Korean refugess in South Korea since North Korean refugees in China are sirk being sent back to North Korea if expposed. Several types of data wre colleted including a demographic survey, a timeline of primary life events, standardixed open-ended interviews, and journal entries. This article discusses primary themes that emerged related to the educational experiences of North Korean refugees in China in light of their exposure to human rights violations.

Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
This article examines the migration and economic adjusment processes of Korean immigrants, concentrating on their involvement in the garment industry in Korea and Latin America countries. Koreans, who were originally sent as agricultural immigrants to Latin American countries in the 1960s, unexpectedly carved out a niche in the garment industry. This garment-related entrepreneurial opportunity became one of the precipitating factors for the later Korean influx into South America. Simultaneously, access to the U.S clothing market led Koreans engaged in the garment business in korea to Central American countries. This article focuses on Korean immigrants in Latin America who arrived already having clothing-related skills and experience in Korea. It examines how these Koreans' previous occupational experience in Korea influenced both initial immigration decisions and choice of destination and whether and how patterns of economic adjusment differed from those of Koreans who came to Latin America without relevant experience or skills. Korean immigrants with prior clothing-related skills and experience have contributed to the further development of Korean-owned garment businesses in Latin America countries. In terms of global Korean diasporic formations, the garment business has played a unique role in the growth and expansion of Korean immigrant communities across the Americas.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
This study examined factors that determine immigrant womens service usage, using Gelberg-Andersens Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations as a conceptual framework. Considering that the degree to which female marriage migrants take advantage of support services varies considerably within the group, special analytic attention was given to possible differences in service utilization patterns depending on their employment status. The study utilized National Survey on Multicultural Family data set from 2009. Among the total 154,333 individuals, the study used a sub-sample of 53,155 female marriage migrants. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine possible differences in service utilization in relations to employment status. The relationship between the two support services (adjustment assistance services and family care services) was examined. In addition, the three domains of factors that jointly explain the use of services among female marriage migrants were explored. The study found that female marriage migrants have different needs depending on their employment status. In terms of adjustment assistance service use determinants, the strongest predictor was having Joseonjok (Korean-Chinese) ethnicity for both the employed and unemployed group. When predicting the family care service use, number of children turned out to be the strongest predictor for the employed group, whereas perceived needs turned out as the strongest predictor for the unemployed group. Findings from the study may provide useful implications for the development of social work services and/or service delivery systems that are tailored to the different needs of immigrant women based on their positions within the labor market.