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"Komposit matriks alumunium dengan penguat silikon karbida (SiC) diketahui memiliki potensi dalam memenuhi sifat-sifat yang sesuai untuk aplikasi di berbagai sektor teknik, terutama sektor transportasi. Pada studi literatur ini, dibahas mengenai pengaruh penambahan partikel SiC terhadap sifat mekanik dan mikrostruktur komposit matriks AC4B (Al-Si-Cu) yang difabrikasi dengan metode pengecoran aduk. Sifat mekanis seperti kekuatan tarik, kekerasan, harga impak, dan keausan dari material komposit dipengaruhi oleh fraksi volum dan distribusi dari partikel penguat mikro SiC serta antarmuka antara penguat dengan martiks Al. Pengujian mikrostuktur dilakukan dengan mikroskop optik dan SEM(Scanning Electron Microscopy). Penelitian mengenai sifat mekanik dan mikrostuktur dari Al-SiCp komposit telah banyak dilakukan, namun hanya ada beberapa penelitian yang mengaitkan parameter partikel penguat dengan sifat mekanik dan mikrosturktur dari komposit matriks AC4B(Al-Si-Cu) dengan penguat SiC. Dari hasil nilai kekuatan tarik dan harga impaknya, komposit matriks AC4B(Al-Si-Cu) dapat menggantikan penggunaan material besi cor sebagai bahan dasar material blok rem kereta api.

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Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites with silicon carbide (SiC) particle reinforcements finding have the potential to offer desirable properties suitable for applications in engineering sectors especially transportation sectors. In this review studies, the effects of addition of SiC particle on the mechanical properties and microstructure of AC4B (Al-Si-Cu) composites produced by stir casting are discussed. The mechanical properties studies such as tensile strength, hardness, impact strength and wear behavior of composites depends on the volume fraction, size, and distribution of the silicon carbide particle reinforcement as well as the interface between reinforcement and Al matrix. Microstructural studies will carry out by optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy. Many investigative works have been done on the mechanical properties and microstructure of Al-SiCp composites, but only a few such studies linked reinforcement parameters with mechanical properties and microstructure of AC4B(Al-SiCu)/SiCp composites. Tensile strength and impact strength value shows that aluminum matrix composite is appropriate material for brake shoe applications and can substitute cast iron as base material for brake shoe.

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"Seiring meningkatnya penggunaan elektronik dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, penggunaan baterai juga meningkat, terutama penggunaan baterai li-ion. Baterai li-ion sering dipakai pada peralatan yang bersifat re-chargeable, salah satunya adalah telepon genggam. Limbah baterai li-ion tergolong limbah B3 karena mengandung logam berat. Logam berat yang terkandung dalam limbah baterai tersebut dapat dilakukan perolehan kembali (recovery) untuk mengurangi efek bahayanya terhadap lingkungan. Kandungan logam berat tersebut merupakan logam berharga diantaranya logam nikel dan kobalt. Metode yang dapat dilakukan untuk recovery logam tersebut yaitu dengan proses leaching. Penelitian ini menggunakan H₂SO₄ sebagai leaching agent dan H₂O₂ sebagai reducing agent. Penambahan H₂O₂ bertujuan untuk mengurangi penggunaan H₂SO₄ saat proses leaching. Dalam penelitian ini, digunakan 2 M H₂SO₄, 4% v/v H₂O₂ pada kondisi operasi 75^OC selama 2 jam, menghasilkan logam Ni dan Co ter-leaching sebesar 96,46% dan 94,95%. Larutan hasil leaching yang didapat akan dilakukan proses ekstraksi cair-cair menggunakan LIX 84-ICNS sebagai ekstraktan. Hasil dari proses ekstraksi cair-cair dengan konsentrasi ekstraktan sebesar 40% v/v, pH fasa akuatik sebesar 6,85 selama 45 menit ekstraksi, menghasilkan logam Ni dan Co terekstraksi sebesar 92,05% dan 86,67%.

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The electronic devices used is increasing in daily basis, especially the used of li-ion batteries. Li-ion batteries is used for re-chargeable electronic devices such as smartphones. The spent of li-ion batteries is being classified as toxic and hazardous waste because it contains heavy metals. The heavy metals from spent li-ion batteries can be recovered to reduce the hazardous effect on the environment. Moreover, the heavy metals are also classified as the valuable metals, for example nickel and cobalt. One of the methods for metal recovery from li-ion battery is leaching process with H₂SO₄ as the leaching agent and H₂O₂ as the reducing agent. The addition of H₂O₂ is for reducing the used of H₂SO₄ in the leaching process. This research is using 2 M of H₂SO₄ and 4% v/v of H₂O₂, with the operating condition 75^OC in 2 hours leaching process resulting 96,46% Ni and 94,95% Co extracted. The leachate liquor after leaching process is going for the next process, solvent extraction. The solvent extraction is using LIX 84-ICNS as the extractant. The result from solvent extraction with 40% v/v extractant concentration, pH aquatic phase 6,85 in 45 minutes extraction process is 92,05% Ni and 86,67% Co being extracted."

"Permasalahan kesehatan gigi dan mulut khususnya pada anak merupakan faktor yang harus diperhatikan sedini mungkin karena jika kerusakan gigi pada usia anak tidak segera dilakukan pemeliharan maka akan menimbulkan rasa sakit pada gigi. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kesehatan gigi anak adalah kurangnya perhatian ibu sebagai orang tua terhadap kesehatan gigi anak karena orang tua dianggap memiliki pengetahuan untuk mengajarkan anaknya berbagai hal dasar mengenai menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulut determinan yang berhubungan dengan perilaku ibu dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada anak prasekolah (usia 3-6 tahun). Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional, jumlah sampel sebanyak 162 ibu yang diambil melalui kuesioner online di bulan Juli 2020. Analisa hubungan menggunakan uji chi square dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan signifikan faktor presdiposisi (umur, pendidikan, pekerjaan, pendapatan, pengetahuan dan sikap), faktor pemungkin (sumber informasi) dan faktor penguat (dukungan anggota keluarga) dengan perilaku ibu dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak. Namun tetap perlu meningkatkan upaya preventif dan promotif mengenai kesehatan gigi dan mulut agar ibu atau orang tua yang sudah memiliki perilaku positif tetap dipertahankan dengan memberikan informasi-informasi yang positif. Untuk ibu atau orang tua dengan perilaku negatif agar berubah menjadi lebih baik.

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Dental and oral health problems, especially in children, are a factor that must be considered as early as possible because if the tooth decay at the age of the child is not done immediately, it will cause pain in the teeth. The factor that affects children's dental health is the lack of attention of mothers as parents to children's dental health because parents are considered to have the knowledge to teach their children basic things about maintaining determinant dental and oral health related to maternal behavior in maintaining dental and oral health in preschool children. (ages 3-6 years). This research is quantitative with a cross sectional design, the total sample is 162 mothers who were taken through an online questionnaire in July 2020. Analysis of the relationship using the chi square test with a confidence level of 95%. The results of statistical tests show that there is no significant relationship between the predictive factors (age, education, occupation, income, knowledge and attitudes), enabling factors (sources of information) and reinforcing factors (family member support) with maternal behavior in maintaining children's oral and dental health. However, it is still necessary to increase preventive and promotive efforts regarding oral health so that mothers or parents who already have positive behavior are maintained by providing positive information. For mothers or parents with negative behavior to change for the better."

"Kemajuan teknologi yang terus meningkat dapat dimanfaatkan oleh berbagai industri yang kemudian dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan hubungannya dengan konsumen serta menjangkau lebih banyak potensi pasar, salah satunya oleh industri kecantikan. Dalam konteks ini, kemajuan media sosial menawarkan peluang yang lebih besar untuk melibatkan konsumen, sehingga engagement sering digunakan untuk menjelaskan motivasi yang dimiliki serta kesesuaiannya dengan pribadi konsumen saat terhubung dengan saluran media atau brand tertentu. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh customer engagement terhadap co-creation, customer trust, customer retention melalui self-congruence sebagai mediasi pada pengikut TikTok Somethinc di DKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data kuantitatif menggunakan kuesioner. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 165 responden dengan teknik non-probability jenis purposive sampling. Data diolah menggunakan software SmartPLS 4. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif signifikan antara customer engagement terhadap co-creation, customer trust, customer retention dalam konteks media sosial. Lebih lanjut, terdapat pengaruh positif signifikan pada hubungan customer engagement terhadap co-creation, customer trust, customer retention melalui self-congruence sebagai mediasi. Mengingat teknologi akan terus meningkatkan kompleksitas dan kecepatan bisnis, marketer perlu mengeksplorasi lebih banyak kemungkinan variabel hasil dalam konteks aplikasi mobile maupun media sosial dengan wawancara secara mendalam.

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Increasing technological advancements can be utilised by various industries to improve their relationship with consumers and reach more potential markets, including the beauty industry. In this context, advances in social media offer greater opportunities to engage consumers, so engagement is often used to explain the motivations that consumers have and how they fit into their personalities when connecting with certain media channels or brands. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the effect of customer engagement on co-creation, customer trust, customer retention through self-congruence as mediation for TikTok Somethinc followers in DKI Jakarta. This research uses a quantitative approach with quantitative data collection techniques using a questionnaire. The sample in this study were 165 respondents with non-probability purposive sampling technique. The results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between customer engagement on co-creation, customer trust, customer retention in the context of social media. Furthermore, there is a significant positive effect on the relationship of customer engagement to co-creation, customer trust, customer retention through self-congruence as mediation. Given that technology will continue to increase the complexity and speed of business, marketers need to explore more possible outcome variables in the context of mobile applications and social media with in-depth interviews."

"Sektor Usaha Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) mempunyai peranan penting dalam upaya penanggulangan kemiskinan, penyediaan lapangan pekerjaan dan peningkatan nilai ekspor Indonesia. Namun UMKM sulit mengembangkan usahanya karena terbentur memperoleh pembiayaan dari pihak eksternal khususnya bank. Perbankan enggan melakukan pembiayaan karena karakteristik UMKM yang belum mampu memenuhi persyaratan dari bank dalam hal penyediaan jaminan. Oleh sebab itu, Pemerintah mengambil langkah mengambil kebijakan untuk mendorong perbankan menyalurkan kredit kepada sektor UMKM. Salah satunya melalui program Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR) yang diluncurkan sejak November 2007. Penelitian ini disusun untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penawaran dan permintaan kredit UMKM.dengan menggunakan sampel KUR periode triwulan 3 tahun 2009 sampai dengan triwulan 4 tahun 2014. Variabel dalam penelitian ini yang diduga mempengaruhi penawaran kredit UMKM baik secara parsial maupun simultan yaitu suku bunga rata-rata kredit (RATE), dana pihak ketiga (DPK), non performing loan (NPL) dan bank size (SIZE). Sedangkan variabel yang diduga mempengaruhi permintaan kredit UMKM yaitu RATE dan pertumbuhan UMKM. Penelitian ini menggunakan model two stage least square (2SLS) karena kesamaan variabel dependen pada model penawaran dan permintaan kredit yaitu outstanding KUR.

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Small & Medium Enterprise (SME) sector played a pivotal role of poverty annihilation, workfield supply, and supporting Indonesia’s export balance. On the other hand, SMEs are having difficulty of getting external financing, especially from banks. Bank’s financing reluctance arise from SMEs insufficient characteristics of providing adequate collaterals. Therefore , the Government took steps and policies to encourage banks to extend credit to the SME sector. One of them through the People's Business Credit ( KUR ) launched since November 2007. This research was to identify the factors that affect the supply and demand of SME financing using KUR sample period Q3 2009 to Q4 2014. The variables in this study are expected to affect deals SME loans either partially or simultaneously ie interest rates average loans ( RATE ) , third-party funds ( DPK ) , non-performing loan ( NPL ) and the bank size ( SIZE ) . While the variables suspected to affect demand for SME loans is RATE and growth of SMEs. This study uses a model of two stage least square ( 2SLS ) because of similarities in the dependent variable in the model of supply and demand of credit are outstanding KUR ."

"Indonesia merupakan negara hukum yang mengadopsi asas Fictie Hukum. Asas tersebut memandang setiap orang tahu hukum tanpa pengecualian. Penyediaan akses yang mudah terhadap produk hukum merupakan konsekuensi dari hal tersebut. Meski telah tersedia beberapa layanan daring pencarian hukum, baik oleh pemerintah maupun swasta, layanan tersebut belum mampu menangkap relasi intradokumen dan antardokumen dengan baik. Dalam meningkatkan sistem pencarian hukum, terdapat knowledge graph (KG) bernama LexID yang menghadirkan representasi peraturan perundang-undangan Indonesia dalam sebuah graf. KG tersebut dikonstruksi dengan pendekatan rule-based. Namun, pendekatan rule-based tidak mudah beradaptasi dengan perubahan dalam format atau konten dokumen dan memerlukan pemeliharaan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini mengusulkan pendekatan lain dalam konstruksi LexID. Proses konstruksi LexID dilakukan menggunakan pre-trained large language model (LLM) berupa CodeGemma parameter 7B, Code Llama parameter 7B, dan Phi-3 parameter 7B. Jenis prompt yang digunakan, yaitu prompt kode dan teks dengan variasi 1-shot dan 2-shot, sehingga total terdapat dua belas skenario percobaan. Hasil konstruksi KG kemudian dievaluasi terhadap KG LexID dan diukur menggunakan metrik precision, recall, dan skor F1. Dari hasil konstruksi, didapatkan skor F1 hasil dari prompt teks 1-shot: CodeGemma 0.405, CodeLlama 0.452, dan Phi 0.362; skor F1 hasil dari prompt kode 1-shot: CodeGemma 0.645, CodeLlama 0.567, dan Phi 0.526; skor F1 hasil dari prompt teks 2-shot: CodeGemma 0.572, CodeLlama 0.502, dan Phi 0.386; skor F1 hasil dari prompt kode 2-shot: CodeGemma 0.687, CodeLlama 0.583, dan Phi 0.539.

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Indonesia operates under a legal system that adopts the principle of Legal Fiction, which posits that every individual is presumed to be aware of the law without exception. Consequently, providing easy access to legal documents is imperative. Despite the availability of several online legal search services offered by both government and private entities, these services have yet to effectively capture intra-document and inter-document relationships. To enhance the legal search system, a knowledge graph (KG) named LexID has been developed to represent Indonesian legislation in a graph format. This KG has traditionally been constructed using a rule-based approach. However, this approach struggles to adapt to changes in document format or content and necessitates continuous maintenance. This study proposes an alternative approach for the construction of LexID utilizing pre-trained large language models (LLMs), specifically CodeGemma with 7 billion parameters, Code Llama with 7 billion parameters, and Phi-3 with 7 billion parameters. The study employs both code and text prompts, with variations of 1-shot and 2-shot, resulting in a total of twelve experimental scenarios. The constructed KG is then evaluated against the existing LexID KG, using precision, recall, and F1 score metrics. The results of the construction indicate the following F1 scores: for 1-shot text prompts, CodeGemma achieved 0.405, Code Llama 0.452, and Phi 0.362; for 1-shot code prompts, CodeGemma achieved 0.645, Code Llama 0.567, and Phi 0.526; for 2-shot text prompts, CodeGemma achieved 0.572, Code Llama 0.502, and Phi 0.386; and for 2-shot code prompts, CodeGemma achieved 0.687, Code Llama 0.583, and Phi 0.539."

"[Film Prayers for Bobby (2009) mengangkat permasalahan mengenai homoseksualitas dan proses pengakuan diri. Dengan menggunakan metode analisis film, penulis menganalisis bagaimana institusi berpengaruh terhadap kondisi psikologis karakter homoseksual selama proses pengakuan diri. Hingga saat ini, belum terdapat banyak penelitian yang menganalisis hubungan dalam institusi sosial, seperti keluarga, agama, dan masyarakat yang memberikan tekanan dalam pembentukan identitas karakter homoseksual. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Weeks mengenai seksualitas (1986) dan teori Hill mengenai tahapan-tahapan dalam proses pengakuan diri (2002) sebagai kerangka teori. Hasil utama penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa karakter homoseksual di dalam film gagal untuk melewati seluruh tahapan proses pengakuan diri karena adanya pengekangan dari institusi. Kegagalan pengakuan diri tersebut menyebabkan karakter utama untuk bunuh diri, yang juga mencerminkan ketidakstabilan kondisi psikologisnya.

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Prayers for Bobby (2009) raises the issue of homosexuality and the coming out process. Using film analysis, the author analyzes how institutions affect the psychological condition of a homosexual character during the process of coming out. There has not been a lot of research that see the relation among institutions, such as family, religion, and society in repressing the identity formation of homosexuals. This research uses Weeks sexuality (1986) and Hill's stages of coming out process (2002) as the frameworks. The major findings show that the homosexual character in the film fails to pass the stages of coming out process due to the repression by the institutions. This failure of coming out has caused the main character to commit suicide, which in fact reflects his unstable psychological condition.;Prayers for Bobby (2009) raises the issue of homosexuality and the coming out process. Using film analysis, the author analyzes how institutions affect the psychological condition of a homosexual character during the process of coming out. There has not been a lot of research that see the relation among institutions, such as family, religion, and society in repressing the identity formation of homosexuals. This research uses Weeks’ sexuality (1986) and Hill’s stages of coming out process (2002) as the frameworks. The major findings show that the homosexual character in the film fails to pass the stages of coming out process due to the repression by the institutions. This failure of coming out has caused the main character to commit suicide, which in fact reflects his unstable psychological condition., Prayers for Bobby (2009) raises the issue of homosexuality and the coming out process. Using film analysis, the author analyzes how institutions affect the psychological condition of a homosexual character during the process of coming out. There has not been a lot of research that see the relation among institutions, such as family, religion, and society in repressing the identity formation of homosexuals. This research uses Weeks’ sexuality (1986) and Hill’s stages of coming out process (2002) as the frameworks. The major findings show that the homosexual character in the film fails to pass the stages of coming out process due to the repression by the institutions. This failure of coming out has caused the main character to commit suicide, which in fact reflects his unstable psychological condition.]"