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Abstrak :
[Kasus Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 DM tipe 2 pada usia ge 15 tahun di Indonesia sudah mencapai 6-9 sedangkan di DKI Jakarta 2-5. Pergeseran penyakit telah terjadi pada anak usia sekolah akibat perubahan gaya hidup kurang sehat Penelitian bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran besarnya permasalahan kasus DM tipe 2 di DKI Jakarta pada anak usia sekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang yang melibatkan 102 anak usia 6-12 tahun sebagai responden yang dipilih secara konsekutif. Hasil analisis menggambarkan bahwa responden yang berisiko DM tipe 2 adalah 23-6. Angka ini diperkirakan akan terus berkembang dan meningkatkan kasus DM tipe 2 pada dewasa beberapa tahun kedepan jika perkembangan tren gaya hidup kurang sehat tetap terjadi pada anak. Rekomendasi penelitian ini adalah perlunya kegiatan preventif dan promotif gaya hidup sehat untuk mengontrol perkembangan penyakit DM tipe 2 di masa yang akan datang. ......The cases of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus T2DM at ge 15 years old children in Indonesia have reached 6 9 and 2 5 in Jakarta T2DM has occurred in school aged children due to the change of unhealthy lifestyle. The aim of the study was to describe the prevalence of T2DM at school aged children in Jakarta This study used cross sectional design involving 102 children aged 6 12 years old with consecutive sampling. The result showed 23 6 are at risk of T2DM. This percentage is expected to continue growing and will result in the increase in the cases of T2DM in adults for the next few years if the trend of unhealthy lifestyle in children still occurred. This study recommends the need for preventive and promotive healthy lifestyle to control T2DM in the future., The cases of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus T2DM at ge 15 years old children in Indonesia have reached 6 9 and 2 5 in Jakarta T2DM has occurred in school aged children due to the change of unhealthy lifestyle The aim of the study was to describe the prevalence of T2DM at school aged children in Jakarta This study used cross sectional design involving 102 children aged 6 12 years old with consecutive sampling The result showed 23 6 are at risk of T2DM This percentage is expected to continue growing and will result in the increase in the cases of T2DM in adults for the next few years if the trend of unhealthy lifestyle in children still occurred This study recommends the need for preventive and promotive healthy lifestyle to control T2DM in the future ]

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Kasus kanker di Jakarta sudah mencapai 630 kasus per tahun. Kemoterapi merupakan salah satu terapi yang direkomendasikan pada pasien kanker namun kemoterapi dapat menimbulkan efek samping mual dan muntah. Tujuan dari penulisan untuk mengetahui keefektifan manajemen mual pada anak, khususnya anak yang mendapat kemoterapi emetogenik tingkat tinggi karena penggunaannya diketahui menimbulkan >90% kejadian mual dan muntah. Mual dan muntah menurunkan kualitas hidup pasien sehingga harus segera ditangani sejak dini. Manajemen mual termasuk perawatan mulut, teknik relaksasi napas dalam, dan minuman dingin yang termasuk dalam Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC). Penatalaksanaan manajemen mual dilakukan pada lima pasien di ruang 112 dan 113 RSCM Gedung A untuk menilai keefektifan manajemen mual. Hasil dari penulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa teknik relaksasi napas dalam berdampak besar menurunkan mual sementara perawatan mulut dan minuman dingin efektif untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan mulut dan nafsu makan. Aplikasi dari manajemen mual terlihat mampu menurunkan skor mual dari sedang menjadi ringan dan direkomendasikan untuk digunakan di rumah untuk mencegah mual dan muntah yang terjadi setelah pasien pulang ke rumah.

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ABSTRACT
Cancers in Jakarta have reached 630 cases in year. Chemotherapy thus known as recommended cancer treatment but could lead to nausea and vomiting as side effect. The objective of the study was to find out the effectiveness intervention to reduced nausea and vomiting in child, especially in child with highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) because HEC denotes nausea and vomiting risk of >90%. Nausea and vomiting lead to affected patient quality of life that have to be treated early. Nausea management included oral care, deep breathing technique, and cold drink that based on Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC). Nausea management has been applied to five patients in room 112 and 113 at Child Ward A’s Building Cipto Mangunkusumo to observed the effectiveness of the management. As a result of this study, it was found that deep breathing technique has greatly reduced nausea in outmost situation whereas oral care and cold drink was effective to improved oral health and appetite. Applied management could decrease outcome scoring from moderate to mild and was recommended to be used at home to prevent delayed nausea and vomiting.;