The study consists of three stages. Phase 1 tested the validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) instrument on 125 pregnant women online through the dissemination of Google forms. Phase 2 assessed the screening ability of EPDS instrument compared to MINI-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) instrument as gold standard in 298 pregnant women. This 2nd phase was carried out in Depok City (Beji, Cipayung, Jati Jajar, and Pancoran Mas public health centre). The MINI assessment was carried out online by two trained enumerators. The 3rd stage was carried out by developing a prototype of an anxiety and depression symptom screening system based on expert system. Statistical analysis at stage 1 employed various types of validity and reliability tests. The 2nd stage was carried out to test sensitivity and specificity. The 3rd stage was evaluated on the accuracy of the expert system and the feasibility of the prototype. This study produced an Indonesian version of the EPDS instrument that was proven to be valid and reliable for use in the population of pregnant women. This instrument had a sensitivity and specificity of > 90% for screening for symptoms of pregnancy anxiety and depression. The proportion of accuracy in expert systems was > 90%. Pregnant women state that this prototype was easy, short assessment time, and useful to use. The prototype based on expert system called BMoms, was feasible and able to be carried out for screening symptoms of anxiety and depression in pregnant women in ANC. The BMoms prototype can be further developed into a ready and appropriate application so that it becomes an innovative solution for mental health screening in pregnant women."
The COVID-19 pandemic raises various problems that can cause pandemic-related stress in third-trimester pregnant women. This quantitative study was conducted in 10 sub-district health centers around Jakarta using the convenience sampling method. The study was participated by 203 pregnant women. Data were collected offline and online using the SSKTP questionnaire – prenatal version. This study found that third-trimester pregnant women in Jakarta experienced moderate stress (68%, n=138). Based on the findings, the pregnant women with primigravida status, education below high school, not working, and earning above the regional minimum wage experienced more severe stress than other groups. Severe stress was also more prevalent in the pregnant women who had close contact and/or had been infected with COVID-19, had difficulty conceiving, and lost income due to the pandemic. These findings can illustrate the risk of psychosocial problem in third-trimester pregnant women. Screening and early intervention are prominent to reduce pandemic-related stress.
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