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"Women over the age of 40, as they move towards menopause, usually experience an increasing waistline and multiplying fat cells!no matter how much they exercise."

"Untuk pengobatan dan pencegahan pada wanita menopause akibat kekurangan hormon estrogen adalah dengan pemberian hormon estrogen yang dikenal dengan istilah hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Cara pemberian HRT yang banyak digunakan adalah berupa tablet. Pemberian tablet akan terjadi metabolisme di usus dan hati. Tablet harus digunakan setiap hari sehingga menimbulkan kebosanan dan menimbulkan gangguan gastrointestinal. Pemberian berupa jel cukup dioles di badan dan tidak terjadi metabolisme di usus dan hati. Pada wanita dengan uterus, estrogen harus dikombinasikan dengan progestogen. Jenis progestogen yang dianjurkan adalah jenis turunan alamiah dan yang memiliki sifat antimineralokortikoid, sehingga tidak menyebabkan retensi cairan. Salah satu jenis progestogen yang tidak menyebabkan retensi cairan adalah nomogestrol acetate. Nomogestrol acetate juga menghambat enzim 17β Hidroksisteroiddehydrogense tipe 1 sehingga estradiol (E2) tidak dapat diubah menjadi estron (E1). Akibatnya kadar E2 di dalam jaringan payudara rendah dan dengan sendirinya menurunkan risiko kanker payudara. (Med J Indones 2003; 12: 194-8)

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The treatment and prevention of disease in menopausal women due to deficiency of estrogen hormone are done through the administration of estrogen hormone, known as hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The administration of HRT is commonly done through the administration of tablets. However, the administration of tablet will result in metabolism in the colon and liver. Tablets are usually used on a daily basis such that it may lead to boredom and results in gastrointestinal disorder. The administration of gel, on the other hand, is done by applying the gel to the body and therefore metabolism in the colon and liver can be prevented. In women with uterus, estrogen must be combined with progestogen. The type of progestogen recommended is the one with natural derivative and which possesses antimineralocorticoid properties, such that fluid retention can be avoided. One of the types of progestogen which does not result in fluid retention is nomogestrol acetate. Nomogestrol acetate will also inhibit 17β hydrosisteroiddehydrogency enzyme type 1, such that estradiol (E2) is prevented from being transformed into estron (E1). As a result, E2 level in the breast tissue is kept at minimum, thereby reducing the risk of breast cancer. (Med J Indones 2003; 12: 194-8)"

"ABSTRAKMenopause merupakan periode normal pada perempuan ditandai dengan berhentinya siklus menstruasi selama 12 bulan. Menopause mengakibatkan organ reproduksi secara anatomi dan fungsi berubahsehingga mempengaruhi fungsi seksual perempuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengambarkan fungsi seksual perempuan menopause di Kelurahan Depok dan Pancoran Mas,menggunakan metode survei deskriptif, cross-sectional,dengan sampel sebanyak 106 responden, dipilih secara consecutive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah Female Sexual Function Index. Hasil penelitian dengan analisis univariat menunjukkan bahwa 90,6 % memiliki resiko disfungsi seksual, sedangkan 9,4% memiliki fungsi seksual normal. Penyuluhan dan konseling masalah seksualitas penting dilakukan sebagai upaya memberikan pendidikan kesehatan bagi perempuan usia menopause.

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ABSTRACTMenopause is a normal period when menstrual cycle was absent for twelve monthsconsecutively. Menopause causes reproduction organs to change anatomically and functionally thus affects female sexual function. In response, this research was conducted to describe the characteristics and sexual function of menopausal woman in Depok and Pancoran Mas sub-districts.It uses descriptive survey design with cross-sectional approach on 106 respondents chosen by consecutive sampling technique. The respondents were interviewed usingFemale Sexual Function Index. Findings, with univariat analysis, demonstrates that 90,6 % respondents have risk for sexual dysfunction while only 9,4 % repondents have normal sexual function. This research suggests it is important to conduct seminar and counseling activitiesregarding sexuality issues as an effort to educate menopausal woman."