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"Mobilitas komuter yang lazim dilakukan pekerja Jabodetabek dapat memberikan masalah pada kesejahteraan subjektif. Namun, terdapat inkonsistensi terkait dampak mobilitas komuter terhadap kesejahteraan subjektif pada pekerja. Selain itu, belum banyak studi yang mempelajari pengaruh mobilitas komuter, seperti waktu tempuh dan persepsi stres terhadap kesejahteraan subjektif pada populasi pekerja di Jabodetabek. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh waktu tempuh komuter, persepsi stres umum, dan persepsi stres komuter terhadap kesejahteraan subjektif pekerja di Jabodetabek. Penelitian melibatkan 114 pekerja berusia 25-49 tahun (M=30.57, SD=7.475) dan melakukan mobilitas komuter setiap hari. Mayoritas partisipan adalah perempuan yaitu sebanyak 59,6%. Rata-rata waktu tempuh komuter partisipan adalah 72,80 menit per hari. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah The PERMA-profiler dan Perceived Stress Scale. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu tempuh komuter, persepsi stres umum, dan persepsi stres komuter secara bersama-sama tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kesejahteraan subjektif. Hanya persepsi stres umum yang berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kesejahteraan subjektif pekerja di Jabodetabek. Temuan ini menekankan perlunya upaya penurunan persepsi stres oleh pekerja maupun perusahaan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan subjektif.

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The commuter mobility prevalent among Jabodetabek workers can cause problems with subjective well-being. However, there are inconsistencies regarding the impact of commuter mobility on subjective well-being in workers. In addition, not many studies have studied the effect of commuter mobility, such as commuting time and perceived stress on subjective well-being in the working population in Jabodetabek. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of commuting time, perceived general stress, and perceived commuter stress on the subjective well-being of workers in Jabodetabek. The study involved 114 workers aged 25-49 years (M=30.57, SD=7.475) and commuting daily. The majority of participants were female, 59.6%. The average commuting time of participants was 72,80 minutes per day. The measurement tools used were The PERMA-profiler and Perceived Stress Scale. The results showed that commuting time, perceived general stress, and perceived commuter stress together did not have a significant influence on subjective well-being. Only general stress perception has a significant effect on the subjective well-being of workers in Jabodetabek. These findings emphasize the need for efforts to reduce stress perceptions by workers and companies to improve subjective well-being."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan perilaku berkomuter yang ditangkap dengan waktu tempuh terhadap kecendrungan terkena stres dengan menggunakan survei komuter Jabodetabek oleh Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) tahun 2014. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa setiap kenaikan waktu tempuh dalam berkomuter sebanyak 10 menit berasosiasi pada kencendrungan seseorang untuk terkena stres sebesar 0,7-1,7%, relatif sama dengan negara lainnya. Hasil estimasi ini konsisten terhadap subgrup sampel komuter berjenis kelamin perempuan, penduduk non-migran, pengguna motor dan para pekerja. Hasil estimasi ini juga mendorong pemerintah membuat kebijakan untuk mengurangi stres.

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This study aims to analyze the relationship of commuting behaviour captured with travel time to a tendency to be stress. This study used Jabodetabek Commuter Survey conducted by Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) in 2014. Estimation results show that each increase in commuting time by 10 minutes is associated with a person`s tendency to be stressed by 0.7-1.7%, relatively same as other countries. These estimation results are consistent with a subgroup samples of female, non-migrant peoples, motorbike users and workers. Our result also encourage the government to make policies to reduce stress."

"Pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan munculnya konsekuensi negatif bagi Subjective well-being (SWB) remaja, yang merupakan kelompok paling rentan karena karakteristik perkembangannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontribusi respons terhadap stres (primary control engagement coping, secondary control engagement coping, disengagement coping, involuntary engagement dan involuntary disengagement), traits kepribadian (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness to experience) dan persepsi terhadap dukungan sosial (keluarga, teman, figur yang signifikan) pada SWB remaja selama masa pandemi COVID-19. Partisipan adalah 313 orang remaja Indonesia (13-18 tahun) yang dipilih menggunakan metode convenience sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Satisfaction with Life Scale, Scale of Positive and Negative Experience, Child Self Report Responses to Stress Questionnaire-COVID-19 dan Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Data dianalisis dengan regresi hierarki berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa respons terhadap stres, traits kepribadian, dan persepsi terhadap dukungan sosial berkontribusi terhadap SWB (LS, PA dan NA) remaja. Secara khusus, involuntary disengagement response, extraversion, neuroticism dan persepsi terhadap dukungan sosial dari keluarga secara signifikan berkontribusi pada SWB remaja. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan implikasi praktis bagi para praktisi untuk menyusun intervensi bagi remaja agar dapat mengembangkan respon terhadap stres yang adaptif dan untuk orang tua agar memberikan dukungan kepada remaja sehingga dapat mengoptimalkan SWB remaja Indonesia pada masa pandemi COVID-19 dan seterusnya.

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COVID-19 pandemic causes negative consequence for adolescents’ subjective well- being (SWB) as they are the most vulnerable group due to their developmental characteristic. This research investigated contribution response to stress (primary control engagement coping, secondary control engagement coping, disengagement coping, involuntary engagement dan involuntary disengagement), personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness to experience), and perceived social support (family, friends, significant figure) of adolescent SWB during COVID-19 pandemic period. The participants were 313 Indonesian adolescents (13-18 years old), selected using convenience sampling method. The measurements were Satisfaction with Life Scale, Scale of Positive and Negative Experience, Child Self Report Responses to Stress Questionnaire-COVID-19 dan Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression. Results showed that response to stress, personality traits, and perceived social support together contributed to adolescents’ SWB (LS, PA & NA) significantly. Specifically, involuntary disengagement response, extraversion, neuroticism and perceived social support from family significantly contributed to adolescents’ SWB. The practical implication for professionals are to develop psychological intervention for adolescents to be able to develop adaptive response to stress and for parents to give support to adolescents in order optimize their SWB in Indonesian context during the COVID-19 pandemic and onward."

"Selama menghadapi proses adaptasi, mahasiswa tahun pertama rentan mengalami stres akademik yang tinggi. Berbagai usaha dapat dilakukan untuk menurunkan pengaruh stres akademik terhadap subjective well being (SWB) salah satunya dengan memiliki tingkat optimisme yang tinggi. Dalam penelitian ini akan dilihat bagaimana pengaruh optimisme dalam memoderasi pengaruh stres akademik terhadap SWB. Terdapat 4 alat ukur yang digunakan, meliputi The Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson et al. 1988), The Satisfaction With Life Scale (Diener et al. 1985), Student-life Stress Inventory (Gadzella, 1994), dan Life Orientation Test-Revised (Scheier & Carver, 1994). Dari 215 partisipan ditemukan bahwa stres akademik secara signifikan menurunkan SWB (t(213)=-7,119, p<0,05), dimana 18,8% varians dari skor SWB dapat dijelaskan oleh stres akademik. Optimisme secara signifikan meningkatkan subjective well-being (t(213)=5,271, p<0,05), dimana 11,1% varians dari skor SWB dapat dijelaskan oleh optimisme. Walaupun demikian, peningkatan optimisme tidak memperlemah pengaruh stres akademik terhadap subjective well-being pada mahasiswa tingkat pertama (t(211)=0,491, p>0,05), dimana 24,5% dari skor SWB dapat dijelaskan oleh stres akademik dan optimisme. Penelitian ini dapat bermanfaat untuk memberikan bahan dalam penyusunan intervensi pada mahasiswa yang memiliki masalah dalam prestasi akademis yang disebabkan oleh stres akademis.

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The first-year undergraduate students are prone to academic stress. Various ways can be done to reduce the influence of academic stress on subjective well-being, one of which by having a high level of optimism. This study examined the effect of academic stres on subjective well-being with optimism as the moderator among first year undergraduates. This study used 4 measures, which were the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson et al. 1988), the Satisfaction With Life Scale (Diener et al. 1985), the Student-Life Stress Inventory (Gadzella, 1994), and the Life Orientation Test-Revised (Scheier & Carver, 1994). This study found that academic stress descreased subjective well-being significantly (t(213)=-7,119, p<0,05), where 18,8% of SWB variance was explained by academic stress. On the other hand, optimism increased subjective well-being significantly (t(213)=5,271, p<0,05), where 11,1% of SWB variance was explained by optimism. Nevertheless, the increase in optimism did not lessen the influence of academic stress on subjective well-being among first-year undergraduate students (t(211)=0,491, p>0,05), where 24,5% of SWB variance was explained by academic stress and optimism. This research is useful in providing material for the preparation of interventions on students who have problems in academic performance due to academic stress."

"ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Gangguan diluar pendengaran yang disebabkan oleh bising adalah stres kerja. Dimana intensitas bising yang masih dibawah NAB dapat menimbulkan persepsi stres kerja pada sebagian orang, hal inilah yang disebut sebagai bising subyektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan bising subyektif dengan persepsi stres pekerja menggunakan skor skala persepsi stres atau Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) serta faktor-faktor lain pada pekerja PT K di Jakarta.Metode penelitian: Penelitian menggunakan metode potong lintang dengan sampel purposif pada pekerja PT K di Jakarta. Data dikumpulkan melalui hasil medical check up dan pengisian kuesioner PSS. Subyek penelitian mempunyai kriteria inklusi bersedia menjadi responden dan bekerja di main office yang terpajan bising dibawah 85 dB. Kriteria eksklusinya adalah pekerja yang telah didiagnosa menderita gangguan jiwa stres dan penyebab stres telah diketahui.Hasil: Diantara 107 pekerja main office, terdapat 96 orang pekerja yang bersedia menjadi responden. Analisa dengan menggunakan uji statistik Mann Whitney pada pekerja yang memiliki kebiasaan exercise dengan yang tidak exercise dengan nilai p = 0,090, untuk kesan bising subyektif didapatkan p=0,005 dan untuk persepsi bising subyektif didapatkan nilai p=0,051.Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara skor PSS dengan kesan bising subyektif. Sedangkan untuk umur, jenis kelamin, status pendidikan dan pernikahan, masa kerja, jabatan, DM, Hipertensi, kebiasaan merokok, exercise, dan persepsi bising subyektif didapatkan perbedaan skor PSS namun tidak bermakna.

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ABSTRACT

Background: Non hearing disorder because of noise is stress at work. Noise intensity under threshold can cause stress perception at work to some people, referred to as subjective noise exposure. This study aims to examine the relationship between subjective noise exposure and stress perception at work using score of Perceived Stress Scale Questionnaire and other factors on workers of PT K in Jakarta.

Methods: Cross sectional descriptive, conducted on 96 workers from main office. Data were collected from medical check up and Perceived Stress Scale Questionnaire. Subject have inclusive criteria were willing to become respondent and work at main office who are exposed to noise under 85 dB. Exclusive criteria were workers who have been diagnosed with stress mental disorder and cause has been known.

Results: Statistical analysis using Mann Whitney test on workers who have exercise habit with who havent give results p= 0.090, to find out if workers feel their work environment noisy or not using Mann Whitney test give result p=0.005. Meanwhile to find out if workers feel annoyed with the noise or not give results p= 0,051.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a significant difference between score of Perceived Stress Scale with subjective noise impression. As for age, sex, education, marital status, years of service, position, diabetes, hypertension, smoking habits, exercise and noise subjective perception gave difference to score of Perceived Stress Scale but not meaningful."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola waktu tempuh mobilitas ulangalik di Jabodetabek menurut karakteristik demografi, ekonomi dan lainnya. Hasil analisis regresi logistik biner dari data Survei Komuter Jabodetabek 2014 menunjukkan bahwa pekerja yang berpeluang lebih tinggi untuk melakukan waktu tempuh yang lama adalah pekerja laki-laki, berumur lebih dari 60 tahun, berpendidikan SMA, menggunakan moda transportasi kendaraan umum beroda empat atau lebih dan menempuh jarak lebih dari 20 km.

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The purpose of this study is to analyze the pattern of commuting time by demographic, economic and other characteristics in Jabodetabek Area. The result of binary logit regression shows that workers with high probability in longer commuting time is male, aged more than 60 years old, high school educated, use four-wheels and more wheels public transportation and has more than 20 km in length."

"Peluang mendapatkan pendapatan lebih tinggi mendorong pekerja untuk bermigrasi ke berbagai daerah di Indonesia. Namun, hal ini menimbulkan tantangan tersendiri bagi kesejahteraan subjektif pekerja migran seperti stres, kesepian, dan rendahnya modal sosial. Penelitian ini menguji hubungan antara persepsi dukungan sosial dan kesejahteraan subjektif pada 86 karyawan migran berusia 20-40 tahun di Indonesia. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dengan alat ukur The-PERMA-Profiler dan Social Provision Scale (SPS). Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya korelasi positif secara signifikan antara persepsi dukungan sosial dan kesejahteraan subjektif (r=0.382, p<.01, two-tailed) yang menunjukan semakin tinggi pekerja memiliki persepsi dukungan sosial, maka semakin tinggi tingkat kesejahteraan subjektif yang dirasakannya. Dimensi persepsi dukungan sosial yang berhubungan erat dengan kesejahteraan subjektif adalah meyakinkan keberhargaan diri, disusul dengan dimensi integrasi sosial dan dimensi bimbingan. Oleh karena itu, perusahaan perlu merancang kebijakan yang mendukung apresiasi pekerja, lingkungan yang menciptakan integrasi sosial dan mentor bagi karyawan migran serta memberikan dukungan yang memadai untuk meningkatkan persepsi dukungan sosial dan kesejahteraan karyawan migran.

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Opportunities for higher incomes encourage workers to migrate to various regions in Indonesia. However, this poses its own challenges to the subjective well-being of migrant workers such as stress, loneliness, and low social capital. This study examined the relationship between perceived social support and subjective well-being in 86 migrant employees aged 20-40 years in Indonesia. Data were collected through questionnaires with The-PERMA-Profiler and Social Provision Scale (SPS) measurement tools. The results showed a significant positive correlation between perceived social support and subjective well-being (r=0.382, p<.01, two-tailed), indicating that the higher the workers' perceived social support, the higher their subjective well-being. The dimension of perceived social support that is closely related to subjective well-being is self-esteem, followed by the social integration dimension and the guidance dimension. Therefore, companies need to design policies that support worker appreciation, environments that create social integration and mentors for migrant employees and provide adequate support to improve the perceived social support and well-being of migrant employees."

"Fenomena urban sprawl menjadi salah satu faktor yang memunculkan fenomena komuter di wilayah Jabodetabek, kondisi dimana individu melakukan perjalanan dari tempat tinggal ke tempat bekerja yang melintasi batas administrasi kabupaten/kota untuk melakukan kegiatan hariannya. Penelitian ini menganalisis data dari Survei Komuter Jabodetabek tahun 2014 dan 2019 untuk mengurai karakteristik pekerja komuter yang menempuh waktu tempuh ekstrem (lebih dari 90 dan 120 menit). Dengan menggunakan model logit biner, ditemukan bahwa pada batas 90 menit variabel jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, tingkat penghasilan, moda transportasi dan sektor pekerjaan berpengaruh signifikan, dan pada batas 120 menit variabel umur, tingkat penghasilan, dan moda transportasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pekerja komuter untuk menjadi komuter ekstrem. Namun studi ini belum mencakup keseluruhan komuter yang ada seperti pelajar dan kursus komuter.

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The urban sprawl phenomenon is one of the factors that gives rise to the commuting phenomenon in the Jabodetabek area, a condition where individuals travel from their place of residence to their place of work which crosses district/city administrative boundaries to carry out their daily activities. This study analyzes the data from the 2014 and 2019 Jabodetabek Commuter Surveys to describe the characteristics of commuter workers who take extreme travel times (more than 90 and 120 minutes). By using the binary logit model, it was found that at the 90 minute limit the variables of gender, education level, income level, mode of transportation and occupation sector had a significant effect, and at the limit of 120 minutes the variables of age, income level, and modes of transportation have a significant effect on commuter workers to become extreme commuters. However, this study does not cover all existing commuters such as students and commuter courses."

"Penelitian terdahulu menyarankan perlunya mendalami sumber daya personal(personal resource) dalam mempelajari hubungan antara tuntutan pekerjaan danstres kerja. Berdasarkan saran tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untukmenginvestigasi persepsi sisa waktu, salah satu sumber daya personal pekerja diorganisasi, sebagai moderator pada hubungan antara tuntutan pekerjaan dan streskerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Conservation of Resources (COR theory)sebagai kerangka teori untuk menjelaskan efek moderasi oleh persepsi sisa waktu.Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan survei online pada pegawai negeri sipil dari32 instansi pemerintahan di Indonesia (N=220). Data diolah dengan menggunakanaplikasi PROCESS Hayes macro versi 3.3 di SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa persepsi sisa waktu memoderasi hubungan antara tuntutan pekerjaan danstres kerja, di mana hubungan tersebut menjadi positif dan meningkat ketikapersepsi sisa waktu rendah dibandingkan ketika persepsi sisa waktu tinggi.Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa persepsi sisa waktu dapat melemahkanhubungan positif antara tuntutan pekerjaan dengan stres kerja. Implikasi teori danpraktis akan dibahas lebih jauh pada tulisan ini

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Previous studies suggested to examine personal resources in the relationship

between job demand and job stress. This study aims to investigate the moderating

effect of perceived remaining time in the organization on the relationship between

job demand and job stress. Drawing on the Conservation of Resources (COR)

theory to explain the moderation effect, it is argued that the relationship between

job demand and job stress is weakened by perceived remaining time. Data were

collected using online survey on public sector employees from thirty-two

government institutions in Indonesia (N = 220). Data were analyzed using Hayes’

PROCESS macro version 3.3 on SPSS software. Results showed that perceived

remaining time moderated the relationship between job demand and job stress, such

that the relationship was positive and higher when perceived remaining time was

low than when perceived remaining time was high. In other words, perceived

remaining time dampens the positive relation between job demand and job stress.

Theoretical and practical implications are further discussed"

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara persepsi kebebasan dalam waktu luang dengan subjective well-being pada mahasiswa Universitas Inonesia. Sampel penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia pada program studi S1. 126 responden penelitian diminta mengisi instrumen penelitian, yaitu perceived freedom in leisure short form (Witt & Ellis, 1985), Satisfaction With Life Scale (Diener et al, 1985), dan Positive Affect ? Negative Affect Scale (Watson & Tellegen, 1985) secara online. Penelitian menemukan adanya korelasi positif antara persepsi kebebasan dalam waktu luang dan affect balance (r=-0,500, p<0,05) serta korelasi positif antara persepsi kebebasan dalam waktu luang dan kepuasan hidup (r= 0,203, p<0,05). Analisis tambahan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat data kontrol ,yakni jenis kelamin, berpengaruh terhadap hasil penelitian.

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This research aimed to find the correlation between perceived freedom in leisure and subjective well-being among students of University of Indonesia. 126 respondents were asek to fill our instruments, perceived freedom in leisure short form (Witt & Ellis, 1985), Satisfaction With Life Scale (Diener et al, 1985), dan Positive Affect ? Negative Affect Scale (Watson & Tellegen, 1985) through internet. The finding of this research is that there is a positive correlation between perceived freedom in leisure and affect balance (r=-0,500, p<0,05) and also positive correlation between perceived freedom in leisure and life satisfaction (r= 0,203, p<0,05). Additional analyses showed that gender did have influence the result of this study."