Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"The yangzi delta has experienced spectacular growth during the past four decades and seen some parts of the country, swiftly converging with western europe developed in the level of economic development"

"This book offers a comprehensive overview of the financial systems of major industrialized countries using the statistical framework of the financial accounts. After a discussion of how economists agreed to create a framework to monitor the financial linkages between surplus and deficit sectors, the book analyzes in detail the composition and the recent evolution of financial assets and liabilities for households (including public pension rights), firms and intermediaries. Next, the volume studies the convergence patterns of financial structures and their influence on the effectiveness of monetary policy within European countries. The final chapter unifies the previous pictures, showing how the effects of financial integration and global imbalances could have been foreseen based on the financial accounts. "

"Studi ini bertujuan untuk menemukan bukti empirik terkait apakah tingkat kepadatan ekonomi mempengaruhi peluang menjadi korban kejahatan di level Kabupaten/Desa selama tahun 2007-2018 di 440 kabupaten/kota. Studi ini menggunakan crime rate sebagai variabel dependent dan kepadatan penduduk sebagai varibel independent juga usia, status pernikahan, perceraian, jenis kelamin dan wilayah kota atau desa sebagai variabel kontrol yang relevan. Kepadatan ekonomi tampaknya memiliki pengaruh yang kecil terhadap angka kejahatan. Hasil regresi menggunakan fixed effectpanel menyimpulkan bahwa kepadatan ekonomi berasosiasi negatif dengan besarnya peluang menjadi korban kejahatan. Kepadatan ekonomi berdampak positif terhadap lingkungan dalam hal pencegahan kejahatan, dimana semakin padat suatu wilayah berkorelasi dengan semakin rendahnya jumlah korban kejahatan.

---

This study aims to contribute to the literature on economic density to find empirical evidence whether the effects of density is going higher affect the crime rate at the district level during the period 2007-2018 with 440 districts. This study use crime rate as dependent variable and population density as independent variable also have average age, proportion of married, proportion of divorce, proportion of gender and proportion of urban as relevant variable control. Density appears to have a small effect on the number of crime rate. The regression results using a fixed effect panel concluded the economic density has negative association with the probability to become victims of crime. Density has a positive impact on the environment in term of crime prevention, which is the denser an area is correlated with the lower number of victim crime.

"

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh bukti empiris mengenai pengaruh kinerja CSR dan tipe pengungkapan CSR terhadap biaya utang perusahaan, serta pengaruh moderasi pandemi Covid-19. Studi sebelumnya mengukur pengungkapan CSR secara umum, tanpa mempertimbangkan perbedaan tipe pengungkapan CSR berdasarkan motivasinya. Penelitian ini membedakan tipe pengungkapan CSR berdasarkan hard disclosure dan soft disclosure yang terkait dengan teori pengungkapan sukarela dan teori manajemen kesan. Dalam mengukur tipe pengungkapan CSR, penelitian ini mengacu pada Clarkson et al (2008) dengan melakukan kodifikasi item penelitian CSR. Menggunakan 600 sampel perusahaan tahun dari 2016 hingga 2020 pada ASEAN 5, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja CSR terbukti mengurangi biaya utang. Tipe pengungkapan CSR hard mengurangi biaya hutang sesuai dengan teori pengungkapan sukarela, sementara CSR soft disclosure meningkatkan biaya hutang sesuai dengan teori manajemen kesan. Selain itu, pandemi dalam penelitian ini tidak terbukti memoderasi hubungan ketiganya, menunjukkan tidak ada perubahan penilaian kreditor atas kinerja dan tipe pengungkapan CSR dalam menentukan besaran biaya utang pada masa pandemi dan non pandemi. Akan tetapi, pada analisis tambahan dengan menggunakan sampel tahun 2019 dan 2020, regresi baik secara langsung maupun terpisah secara sub periode, menunjukkan hasil bahwa selama masa pandemi perusahaan dengan tipe pengungkapan soft dihargai dengan biaya utang yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan non pandemi. Hal ini mengimplikasikan bahwa kreditor lebih konservatif dalam menilai pengungkapan soft pada saat menentukan biaya utang......This study aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of CSR performance and types of CSR use on the cost of corporate debt, as well as the moderating effect of the Covid-19 pandemic. Previous studies measure CSR in general, without considering the different types of CSR based on motivation. This study distinguishes the types of CSR use based on hard disclosure and soft disclosure which are related to the voluntary disclosure theory and impression management theory. In measuring the CSR disclosures types, this study refers to Clarkson et al (2008) by codifying CSR research items. Using a sample of 600 firm-year from 2016 to 2020 in ASEAN 5, the results show that CSR performance is proven to reduce the cost of debt. CSR hard disclosure reduces costs according to voluntary disclosure theory, while CSR soft disclosure increases the cost of debt according to impression management theory. In addition, the pandemic in this study was not proven to moderate the relationship between the three, indicating there was no change in the performance and CSR disclosure’s types in determining the amount of cost of debt during the pandemic and non-pandemic periods. However, in an additional analysis with the 2019 and 2020 samples, the regressions both directly and separately by sub-periods, show that during the pandemic period companies with returns that are rewarded with higher costs of debt than non-pandemic. This implies that creditors are more conservative in assessing soft disclosures when determining the cost of debt."

"Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui : (1) Pengaruh CSR terhadap nilai perusahaan (2) Pengaruh CSR terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan Profitabilitas, Size, Risiko, Struktur Modal, Pajak, Inflasi perusahaan sebagai variabel control (3) Pengaruh CSR,dan Profitabilitas, Size, Risiko, Struktur Modal, Pajak, Inflasi perusahaan sebagai variabel control secara bersama-sama terhadap nilai perusahaan.Sampel penelitian ini adalah pengungkapan pertanggungjawaban sosial pada perusahaan dalam Indeks SRI-Kehati tahun 2007 sampai 2011 dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Terdapat 21 perusahaan yang memenuhi kriteria sebagai sampel penelitian. Metode analisis pada penelitian ini adalah analisis panel data (Pool Least Square) dengan metode efek random.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengungkapan CSR tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Profitabilitas, Size,Likuiditas, ajak dan Inflasi sebagai variabel kontrol dapat mempengaruhi hubungan pengungkapan CSR.Pengungkapan CSR, Profitabilitas, Size, Risiko,Kebijakan Struktur Modal, Likuiditas, Pajak, Inflasi secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan

---

The aims of this research are to investigate : (1) The influence of CSR to firm value (2) The influence of Profitability ,Size, Risk,Capital Structure, Tax, Inflation, as the control variable in relations between CSR and firm value (3) The influence of CSR ,Profitability ,Size, Risk,Capital Structure, Tax, Inflation jointly to firm value.

This research sample is CSR disclosure on SRI-KEHATI Index in 2007 until 2011 by using method of purposive sampling. There are 21 companies fulfilling criterion as this research sample. The analysis method of this research is Pool Least Regression with Random Effect Method.

The result of research show that the effect of CSR on firm value was not significant. But, profitability,Liquidity,Tax and Inflation as the control variable in relation between CSR and firm value was significant. There is an influence of CSR ,Profitability ,Size, Risk,Capital Structure, Liquidity, Tax, Inflation jointly with firm value"

"ABSTRAKPerubahan Makroekonomi akan mempengaruhi perekonomian suatu negara dan seluruh industri yang ada. Pasar modal menjadi penggerak ekonomi nasional melalui perannya sebagai sumber pembiayaan perusahaan dan alternatif bagi investor untuk berinvestasi. Didalam pasar modal, Indeks Pasar Saham sangat berperan penting karena indeks ini bisa menjadi barometer kesehatan ekonomi di suatu negara. Perubahan pada inflasi, nilai tukar, aktivitas ekonomi dan tingkat suku bungaakan mempengaruhi harga saham yang pada akhirnya akan berdampak pada pengembaliannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan faktor makroekonomi dan Imbal Hasil Indeks Saham di negara Brazil, Indonesia, Jepang dan Amerika Serikat. Metode analisis menggunakan pendekatan kausalitas dan kointegrasi. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data bulanan periode 2009 - 2015. Hasil pengujian menyatakan semua variabel makroekonomi memiliki hubungan jangka panjang dengan Imbal Hasil Indeks Saham.

---

ABSTRACTMacroeconomic changes will affect the economy of a country and the rest of the existing industries. Capital markets pushed the national economy through its role as an alternative source of financing for companies and investors to invest. In the capital market, The Stock Market Index is a very important role because this index can be a barometer of economic health in a country. The movement of inflation, exchange rates, economic activity and interest rate will affect the price of shares that will ultimately have an impact on its return. This study aims to examine the relationship of macroeconomic factors with stock market return in Brazil, Indonesia, Japan and the United States. The method of analysis is using the approach of causality and cointegration and the data used in this study is the monthly data from 2009 2015. The test results stated all macroeconomic variables have a long term relationship with the return of stock index."

"ABSTRAKMonetary policy is always a dynamic attribute on commodity prices in the economy. This article examines the empirical relationship between monetary policy and commodity price by employing a vector auto-regression (VAR) Model to show its response in the case of Pakistan. In this paper, the research philosophy is employed based on Positivism with Deductive approach to recognizing the response of monetary policy shocks on commodity price. Recently, low-interest rates and excessive liquidity play a dynamic role in affecting the prices of the commodities market. Furthermore, the impact of monetary policy rate show significant result and seems to be huge in the economy of Pakistan massively. Besides, there is a stable relationship between monetary policy instrument and commodity prices even though the current financial crisis."

"This paper examines international causes of South Korean dramatic political changes and the assompanying shift in national policy priorities during the early 1960s...."