Latar belakang: Populasi lansia di Indonesia meningkat, sebagian ada yang hidup di PSTW binaan Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Pemerintah memiliki wewenang untuk menjamin ketersediaan fasilitas kesehatan dan pendampingan bagi lansia. Namun hanya sedikit penelitian mengenai lesi mulut pada lansia di Indonesia. Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis kondisi rongga mulut dan penyakit sistemik pada lansia di PSTW DKI Jakarta. Metode: Subjek penelitian didapat melalui metode consecutive sampling pada populasi lansia di 5 PSTW di 3 wilayah DKI Jakarta. Dari 1185 penghuni PSTW diperoleh 273 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Data sosiodemografi dan riwayat penyakit sistemik diambil dari rekam medis di panti. Semua subjek dilakukan pemeriksaan oral, yaitu Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S), Papilary Bleeding Index (PBI), Decay, Missing, Filling-Teeth (DMF-T), Skor Indeks Mukosa Plak (MPS), dan pemeriksaan laju alir dan pH saliva, lesi mulut dan topografi lesi mulut. Subjek diwawancarai tentang kebiasaan yang berhubungan dengan kesehatan mulut. Hasil: Prevalensi lesi mulut terbanyak adalah gingivitis dan prevalensi penyakit sistemik terbanyak adalah hipertensi. Kategori OHI-S buruk, kategori PBI baik, kategori DMF-T sangat tinggi, kategori indeks MPS baik. Terdapat hubungan antara jenis kelamin dan jenis pekerjaan dengan penyakit sistemik pada lansia. Lansia dengan kebiasaan merokok, menyirih, dan minum alkohol cenderung memiliki penyakit sistemik. Lansia dengan penyakit sistemik cenderung memiliki lesi mulut. Kesimpulan: Kondisi mulut dan penyakit sistemik pada lansia yang tinggal di PSTW DKI Jakarta dalam keadaan tidak baik.
Background: The population of elderly in Indonesia is increasing, some are living on government institutions in Jakarta. The government has the authority to ensure the availability of health facilities and assistance for the elderly. There are only a few studies on oral lesions of elderly in Indonesia. Objective: To analyze the condition of the oral lesion and systemic disease of elderly on government institutions in Jakarta. Method: Subjects were obtained through consecutive sampling method of elderly population in 5 governent institutions in 3 areas of Jakarta. Of the 1185 residents, 273 were obtained inclusion criteria. Sociodemographic data and history of systemic diseases were taken from medical records in the institution. All subjects had oral examinations, which are Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S), Papilary Bleeding Index (PBI), Decay, Missing, Filling-Teeth (DMF-T), Mucosal Plaque Index Score (MPS), and examination of flow rate and salivary pH, oral lesions and oral lesions topography. Subjects were interviewed about oral health related habits. Results: The most common oral lesions was gingivitis and most common systemic diseases was hypertension. OHI-Scategory is bad, PBI category is good, DMF-T category is very high, MPS index category is good. There is a relationship between gender and type of work with systemic diseases in the elderly. Elderly with the habit of smoking, snacking, and drinking alcohol tend to have systemic diseases. Elderly with systemic diseases tend to have oral lesions. Conclusion: Oral conditions and systemic diseases in elderly who living in institution in Jakarta are not good.
"Jumlah lansia selalu meningkat, begitu juga lansia terlantar, sehingga pemerintahan mendirikan panti sosial. Akibat penuaan, lansia mengalami perubahan yang mempengaruhi kualitas hidup. Metode penelitian deskriptif, pendekatan cross sectional, untuk melihat gambaran kualitas hidup lansia di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha di Jakarta. Responden dipilih dengan simple random sampling (107). Analisis karakteristik responden menggunakan uji T-Independent dan anova. Penelitian menemukan responden panti werdha kebanyakan lansia muda, lansia lak-laki dan menikah dengan pendidikan rendah, dan tinggal di panti selama 2 tahun keatas. Kesimpulannya, kualitas hidup lansia panti rendah maka, lansia perlu diberikan dukungan sosial adekuat agar merasa diperhatikan, sehingga tercipta kualitas hidup tinggi.
The number of elderly people always increases, as well as abandoned elderly people, so the government has established social institutions. As a result of aging, the elderly experience changes that affect the quality of life. Descriptive research method, cross sectional approach, to describe the quality of life of the elderly at the Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha in Jakarta. Respondents were selected by simple random sampling (107). Analysis of respondent characteristics using independent t-test and anova. The study found that respondents of the panti werdha were mostly young elderly, elderly male and married, with low education, and lived in a nursing home for 2 years and above. In conclusion, the quality of life for the elderly is low, so the elderly need to be given adequate social support in order to feel cared, so that a high quality of life is created.
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