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"ABSTRAKPenelitian mengacu pada obligasi PT. Jasa Marga III tahap I seri F dengan jangka waktu maturity 5 tahun. Oleh karena itu perubahan tingkat suku bunga yang diamati disesuaikan dengan umur obligasi yaitu 5 tahun, dari tahun 1985 sampai dengan tahun 1989. Pengamatan dilakukan melalui 3 macam periode maturity, yaitu tahunan. Semiannual dan triwulan, kedalam suatu grafik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah variasi yield ditentukan oleh perubahan tingkat suku bunga. Disamping itu gejala fluktuasi dan volatility yang diakibatkan oleh variasi yield, apakah juga ditentukan oleh periode maturity dan skala yang digunakan. Selanjutnya penelitian juga bertujuan membuktikan bahwa transformasi logaritma natural terhadap tingkat suku bunga dapat meratakan gejolak fluktuasi dan volatility secara proposional. Melalui serangkaian pengamatan terbukti bahwa variasi yield obligasi ditentukan oleh perubahan tingkat suku bunga yang sulit dikendalikan dan diramalkan sebelumnya. Adanya variasi yield obligasi, mengakibatkan timbulnya fluktuasi dan volatile. Selain variasi yield obligasi, gejolak tersebut juga ditentukan oleh periode maturity dan skala yang digunakan. Gejolak fluktuasi dan Volatile dapat diratakan, melalui transformasi logaritma natural terhadap tingkat suku bunga, yang terlihat pada grafik yang menghubungkan antara perubahan logaritma natural yield dan periods maturity."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor faktor yang bersifat ekternal dan makro dalam mempengaruhi penerbitan obligasi korporasi di Indonesia. Dengan jangka waktu pengamatan secara kuartalan selama sebelas tahun terhitung 2005-2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode time series estimation regression yang menguji variabel-variabel antara lain tingkat suku bunga kredit bank, pertumbuhan penyaluran kredit bank, gross domestic product¸ yield surat utang negara, dan earning yield indeks saham.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan secara signifikan variabel perubahan tingkat suku bunga kredit bank (KREDIT), yield surat utang negara (SUN) dan earning yield indeks saham pada lag 1 mempengaruhi pertumbuhan penerbitan obligasi korporasi di Indonesia. Estimasi hasil regresi VAR dilakukan dengan Impulse Response Function (IRF) dan Variance Decomposition (VD) menunjukan bahwa proporsi kontribusi shock terbesar didapat dari variabel yield SUN terhadap fluktuasi penerbitan Obligasi. Sementara variabel pertumbuhan penyaluran pinjaman bank (LOAN) dan earning yield saham (STOCK) pada lag 1 tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan obligasi korporasi di Indonesia.

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This study aims to determine the factors are external and macros factor in influencing corporate bond issuance in Indonesia. We use quarterly period of observation for eleven years from 2005 to 2015. This study uses time series regression estimation that include variables test among bank loans interest rate, growth in bank lending flow, gross domestic product, government bonds yield, and earnings yield stock indices.The results showed significantly variable interest rates on bank credit (CREDIT), the yield of government bonds (SUN) and the earnings yield on a stock index lag of one affect the growth of corporate bond issuance in Indonesia. Estimates of VAR regression results conducted by Impulse Response Function (IRF) and Variance Decomposition (VD) shows that the largest proportion of contributions shock obtained from variable government bonds yield to fluctuations in bond issuance. While bank lending growth variables (LOAN) and the earnings yield on stocks (STOCK) at lag 1 does not have a significant influence on the growth of corporate bonds in Indonesia."

"[ABSTRAKTesis ini membahas pengaruh kuasa wacana terhadap pilihan bebas tokoh Sasanadalam proses pembentukan eksistensi diri. Dengan menggunakan teori kuasawacana Foucault, analisis menunjukkan bahwa kehidupan Sasana tidak pernahlepas dari kuasa wacana yang mengonstruksi pemikiran dan tindakannya. Iamendefinisikan diri berhadapan dengan wacana yang mengharuskannya membuatpilihan dalam menentukan jalan hidupnya. Dengan menggunakan teorieksistensialisme Sartre, analisis menunjukkan bahwa dalam proses pendefinisiantersebut, ia memperjuangkan pilihan bebasnya dengan cara bernegosiasi denganwacana. Ia dapat memilih untuk patuh terhadap kekuasaan tersebut atau tidakpatuh dan melakukan hal yang berlawanan dengan wacana kuasa. KesadaranSasana sendiri yang memutuskan untuk memberikan atau tidak memberikanotoritas kepada wacana untuk menguasai dirinya, karena proses pendefinisian dirisepenuhnya adalah keputusan dari pilihan bebas Sasana. Hasil analisismenunjukkan bahwa kuasa wacana yang terrepresentasikan dalam pandanganorang lain memberi pengaruh dalam pembentukan eksistensi diri Sasana ketika iatidak setia pada pilihan bebasnya dan menolak untuk bertanggungjawab ataspilihan tersebut. Sebaliknya, Sasana terbebas dari pengaruh wacana ketika ia setiapada eksistensi diri yang telah ditetapkannya dan bertanggungjawab terhadapsegala konsekuensi dari pilihan bebas tersebut.

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ABSTRACTThis Thesis analysis the influence of discourse toward the free will of Sasana inconstructing self Existence process. By using Foucault?s theory of the power ofdiscourse, the analysis shows that Sasana?s life is never liberated from the powerof discourse that constructing his way of think and his way of act. He defineshimself toward the discourse that requires him to make choice in determining hisway. By using Sartre?s theory of existentialism, the analysis shows that in thatprocess, he struggle for his free will in the manner of negotiating with thediscourse. He can chooses to be obedient to the power or not and does the thingthat is opposite with the discourse. It is Sasana?s consciousness which eventuallydecides to give or not to give the discourse an authority to take control of himself,because the total self-defining process is the decision of such free will. It can beconcluded that the power of discourse which is represented by the look of otherinfluences Sasana?s way of constructing his self existence, when he is not faithfulto his free will and refuses to be responsible for it. On the contrary, Sasana is freedfrom the discourse?s influence when he is faithful to his determined self existenceand responsible for all consequences from those free will.;This Thesis analysis the influence of discourse toward the free will of Sasana inconstructing self Existence process. By using Foucault?s theory of the power ofdiscourse, the analysis shows that Sasana?s life is never liberated from the powerof discourse that constructing his way of think and his way of act. He defineshimself toward the discourse that requires him to make choice in determining hisway. By using Sartre?s theory of existentialism, the analysis shows that in thatprocess, he struggle for his free will in the manner of negotiating with thediscourse. He can chooses to be obedient to the power or not and does the thingthat is opposite with the discourse. It is Sasana?s consciousness which eventuallydecides to give or not to give the discourse an authority to take control of himself,because the total self-defining process is the decision of such free will. It can beconcluded that the power of discourse which is represented by the look of otherinfluences Sasana?s way of constructing his self existence, when he is not faithfulto his free will and refuses to be responsible for it. On the contrary, Sasana is freedfrom the discourse?s influence when he is faithful to his determined self existenceand responsible for all consequences from those free will.;This Thesis analysis the influence of discourse toward the free will of Sasana inconstructing self Existence process. By using Foucault?s theory of the power ofdiscourse, the analysis shows that Sasana?s life is never liberated from the powerof discourse that constructing his way of think and his way of act. He defineshimself toward the discourse that requires him to make choice in determining hisway. By using Sartre?s theory of existentialism, the analysis shows that in thatprocess, he struggle for his free will in the manner of negotiating with thediscourse. He can chooses to be obedient to the power or not and does the thingthat is opposite with the discourse. It is Sasana?s consciousness which eventuallydecides to give or not to give the discourse an authority to take control of himself,because the total self-defining process is the decision of such free will. It can beconcluded that the power of discourse which is represented by the look of otherinfluences Sasana?s way of constructing his self existence, when he is not faithfulto his free will and refuses to be responsible for it. On the contrary, Sasana is freedfrom the discourse?s influence when he is faithful to his determined self existenceand responsible for all consequences from those free will., This Thesis analysis the influence of discourse toward the free will of Sasana inconstructing self Existence process. By using Foucault’s theory of the power ofdiscourse, the analysis shows that Sasana’s life is never liberated from the powerof discourse that constructing his way of think and his way of act. He defineshimself toward the discourse that requires him to make choice in determining hisway. By using Sartre’s theory of existentialism, the analysis shows that in thatprocess, he struggle for his free will in the manner of negotiating with thediscourse. He can chooses to be obedient to the power or not and does the thingthat is opposite with the discourse. It is Sasana’s consciousness which eventuallydecides to give or not to give the discourse an authority to take control of himself,because the total self-defining process is the decision of such free will. It can beconcluded that the power of discourse which is represented by the look of otherinfluences Sasana’s way of constructing his self existence, when he is not faithfulto his free will and refuses to be responsible for it. On the contrary, Sasana is freedfrom the discourse’s influence when he is faithful to his determined self existenceand responsible for all consequences from those free will.]"

"Tesis ini membahas mengenai Tanggung jawab PPAT Dalam Pembuatan Akta Jual Beli Tanah dan Bangunan Tanpa Persetujuan Mantan Isteri Penjual dan Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pembeli Yang Beritikad Baik berdasarkan Analisis Kasus Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Surabaya No. 968/Pdt.6/2012 PN.SBY. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis normatif dengan desain eksplanatoris.Hasil dari penelitian ini menyarankan untuk PPAT lebih berhati-hati dalam pembuatan akta jual beli tanpa persetujuan mantan isteri penjual dan dapat secara tegas menolak apabila tidak sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku dan PPAT tersebut dapat digugat apabila terbukti melanggar secara perdata dan membuat pihak lain mengalami kerugian atas akta jual beli yang dibuat PPAT selain itu juga perlindungan hukum pihak ketiga yang beritikad baik dapat berupa mengajukan gugatan kepada PPAT yang tidak berhati-hati dan menerima ganti kerugian.

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This thesis is examining about The Responsibility of PPAT When Enacted Sale and Purchase Land and Building Deed Without Approval ex Wife Seller and the Protection of Buyer in Good Faith based on Analysis Case Verdict District Court of Surabaya No 968/Pdt. 6/2012 PN.Sby). This research is normative juridical research with design explanatory.

Result from this research recommends for PPAT more carefully when enacted sale and purchase land building deed without approval ex wife seller and can unequivocally if not in accordance with the applicable regulations and PPAT may be sued if proven violated civil law and make the other party suffers loss on the deed of sale and purchase enacted by PPAT moreover the protection of buyer in good faith can file a lawsuit against PPAT and the buyer in good faith can receive a compensation."

"Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis undang-undang dan peraturan-peraturan yang terkait dengan tanggung jawab sosial dalam rangka memberikan rekomendasi pengungkapan tanggung jawab sosial di Indonesia. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah dengan cara menganalisis isi undang-undang dan peraturan-peraturan yang terkait dengan pengungkapan tanggung jawab sosial untuk menentukan apakah isi dari undang-undang dan peraturan-peraturan tersebut sesuai dengan indikator Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Sustainability Reporting Guidelines dalam hal yang terkait dengan pengungkapan tanggung jawab yang seharusnya dilakukan oleh perusahaan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari 79 indikator pengungkapan GRI Sustainability Reporting Guidelines terdapat 34 indikator pengungkapan yang ditemukan dalam undang-undang dan peraturan-peraturan terkait di Indonesia dengan kewajiban pengungkapan yang berbeda untuk masing-masing jenis usaha.

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The purpose of this research is to analyze the related regulations with social responsibility in order to provide recommendations disclosures of social responsibility in Indonesia. The analysis method of data in this research are used by analyzing the contents of the regulations relating to disclosure of social responsibility to determine whether the contents of the regulations in accordance with the indicators of the Global Reporting Initiative Sustainability in matters related with disclosure responsibilities that should be done by the company. The results of this research showed that of 79 indicators disclosure of the GRI Sustainability Reporting Guidelines are disclosures of 34 indicators that are found in the regulations in Indonesia with different disclosure for each type of company."

"Dalam situasi seperti apa hukum internasional harus menyalahkan negara atas tindakan individu non-negara? Walaupun negara pada umumnya tidak bertanggungjawab atas tindakan aktor non-negara, telah ditentukan bahwa tindakan agennya dapat diatribusikan ke negara tersebut. Yaitu tindakan yang hanya berpura-pura sebagai aktor privat dan cukup terhubungnya tindakan tersebut dengan pelaksanaan kekuasaan publik dimana “tindakan privat” tersebut dapat dianggap tindakan negara. Oleh karena itu, skripsi ini menjelaskan mengenai tanggung jawab negara dalam perspektif hukum internasional. Selain itu skripsi ini juga membahas mengenai tanggung jawab negara sehubungan dengan tindakan individu non-negara. Terakhir, skripsi ini menjelaskan pendekatan mengenai peraturan atribusi atas suatu tindakan kepada negara yang dilihat oleh Mahkamah Internasional dalam kasus Bosnia v. Serbia. Dalam hal ini, mendiskusikan atribusi berdasarkan status organ dan atribusi berdasarkan arahan dan kontrol. Secara singkat pembahasannya adalah bahwa tindakan individu atau entitas non-negara dapat diatribusikan ke negara selama memenuhi syarat sebagaimana dituangkan dalam ILC Draft. Akan tetapi dalam kasus Bosnia v. Serbia menurut Mahkamah, tindakan Republika Srpska tidak dapat diatribusikan ke Serbia.

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Under what circumstances should international law impute to states the acts of non-state persons? Although states as a general rule are not liable for the conduct of non-state actors, it is now well-settled that the acts of its agent are attributable to the state. That is, the conduct of ostensibly private actors may be sufficiently connected with the exercise of public power that otherwise "private acts" may be deemed state action. Thus, the thesis explains about state responsibility in international law perspective. The thesis also provides more general remarks on the law of state responsibility as it pertains to acts of non-state persons.

Finally it analyses the approach concerning the rules of attribution of conduct to a state followed by the ICJ in the Bosnia v. Serbia case, In that regard, it discusses attribution based on organ status and attribution based on direction and control. In short, the act form persons or entity can be attributed to a State, as long it has satisfied any requirement needed from ILC draft. But prior to, Bosnia v. Serbia case, the act from the Bosnia Serbs, according to Court’s decision, can not be attributed to Serbia."

"Laporan magang ini membahas tentang analisis pelaksanaan tugas dan tanggung jawab Unit Pengendalian Gratifikasi UPG di Inspektorat Jenderal Kementerian Perhubungan Itjen Kemenhub . Metode yang digunakan dalam laporan magang ini adalah observasi dan wawancara. Hasil analisis dalam laporan magang ini yaitu Unit Pengendalian Gratifikasi UPG di Itjen Kemenhub telah melaksanakan tugas dan tanggung jawabnya secara keseluruhan namun belum optimal. Tugas dan tanggung jawab yang belum optimal yaitu monitoring dan evaluasi efektivitas pengendalian gratifikasi dan kerjasama dengan UPG Wilayah untuk melakukan sosialisasi di lingkungan Kementerian Perhubungan. Hal tersebut dikarenakan belum berjalannya fungsi pengorganisasian dan pengawasan dalam UPG. Penulis merekomendasikan agar UPG memperbaiki kedua fungsi tersebut.

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This internship report discusses about analysis of the implementation of the duties and responsibilities of Unit Pengendalian Gratifikasi UPG in General Inspectorate of Ministry of Transportation. The methods used in this internship report are observation and interview. The result of analysis in this internship report is UPG in General Inspectorate of Ministry of Transportation has performed its duties and responsibilities as a whole but have not been optimal. Duties and responsibilities that have not been optimal are monitoring and evaluation of effectiveness of gratuity control and cooperation with Region UPG to socialize within the Ministry of Transportation. This is due to the lack of organizing and monitoring functions within the UPG. The author recommend that UPG improve both functions."

"Notaris sebagai jabatan kepercayaan dalam menjalankan jabatannya mempunyai kewajiban untuk merahasiakan isi akta dan segala keterangan yang diperoleh dalam pembuatan akta otentik. Adapun untuk dapat diangkat menjadi Notaris, Pasal 3 huruf f Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2004 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2004 tentang Jabatan Notaris menegaskan bahwa salah satu syaratnya adalah calon Notaris telah menjalani magang pada kantor Notaris. Keberadaan calon Notaris berstatus magang terhadap kewajiban menjaga rahasia akta memunculkan permasalahan bagaimana tanggung jawab calon Notaris berstatus magang terhadap Rahasia Jabatan Notaris, kemudian bagaimana penegakan hukum terhadap calon Notaris berstatus magang yang melakukan pelanggaran Rahasia Jabatan Notaris.Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif. Metode penelitian yuridis normatif adalah metode penelitian yang mengacu kepada peraturan peraturan tertulis atau hukum positif serta bahan hukum lainnya yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, penulis berkesimpulan bahwa calon Notaris berstatus magang mempunyai kewajiban untuk merahasikan isi akta dan keterangan yang diperoleh dalam pembuatan akta Notaris. Apabila calon Notaris membocorkan isi akta dapat dituntut secara perdata dengan tuntutan perbuatan melawan hukum yang diatur dalam Pasal 1365 KUHPerdata. Selain itu perbuatan membuka rahasia akta yang dilakukan oleh calon Notaris berstatus magang dapat dikenai pidana dalam Pasal 322 KUHP. Pada setiap kantor Notaris sebaiknya dibuat perjanjian magang secara tertulis yang memuat mengenai tanggung jawab dan sanksi bagi calon Notaris yang menjadi pegawai magang di kantor Notaris.

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Notary as a reliance function has an obligation to keep the substance of the deed and any information which obtained in the process of deed?s establishment. Based on article 3 letter f of The Act Number 2 Year 2014 about Changes to The Act Number 30 Year 2004 about Position of Notary, the requirement to become a notary, a candidate notary should has done an internship in Notary office. The presence of intern candidate notary and the obligation to keep the substance of the deed raises issues of how the responsibility of intern candidate notary toward The Confidential of Notarial Post, then how law enforcement for intern candidate notary that against The Confidential of Notarial Post.

The research method that used in this journal is normative judicial approach. Normative juridical approach is a research metode that refers to written laws or positive laws, and other legal materials relating to case in concern.

Based on writer's research, intern candidate notary has an obligation to keep the deed's substance. If intern candidate notaries divulge the substance of the deed, they can be sued by civil tort because of their act against the law as regulated in Article 1365 Civil Code. They can also get punished under Article 322 of the Criminal Code. At the Notary's office should have made a written internship agreement that accommodate about the responsibility and sanctions for intern candidate notary."

"Surat kabar sebagai salah satu bentuk media massa memiliki peran sangat penting dalam menginformasikan permasalahan lingkungan hidup. Selain itu, surat kabar juga berperan penting dalam memberikan pengertian atau pemahaman dan pengetahuan kepada masyarakat tentang permasalahan lingkungan.Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana tingkat kepedulian surat kabar dengan melihat berapa besar frekuensi dan porsi halaman rubrik pemberitaan lingkungan hidup, khususnya tentang permasalahan air, dengan pemberitaan lain di surat kabar; mengidentifikasi faktor-£aktor yang mempengaruhi surat kabar dalam menampilkan berita-berita lingkungan hidup sesuai kaidah jurnalisme lingkungan; dan mengetahui penerapan kaidah jurnalistik lingkungan dalam menurunkan berita lingkungan hidup, khususnya seputar permasalahan air, di surat kabar.Adapun hipotesis kerja yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini adalah kepedulian surat kabar terhadap permasalahan lingkungan hidup masih rendah. Surat kabar belum menerapkan kaidah jurnalisme lingkungan dalam menampilkan berita-berita lingkungan hidup.Penelitian ini bersifat expos/ facto. Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah deskriptif dengan teknik penelitian menggunakan analisis isi berita. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Surat Kabar Kompas dan Sinar Harapan edisi 2 Januari 2003-Desember 2003, serta wartawan peliput masalah lingkungan hidup. Validasi data dengan melakukan uji reliabilitas dengan menggunakan rumus Holsti.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, Kompas menyajikan tulisan sebanyak 432 tulisan, sementara Sinar Harapan adalah 255 tulisan. Dan segi frekuensi bentuk berita, berita biasa paling menonjol dibandingkan dengan bentuk penyajian lain. Berita biasa mengenai lingkungan hidup, khususnya permasalahan air di Kompas mengambil porsi 41% dari keseluruhan tulisan lingkungan, sementara pada Sinar Harapan adalah 42%. Penampilan berita dalam bentuk feature di Kompas tercatat sebesar 18%, sedangkan di Sinar Harapan mencapai 20%.Dari empat bentuk penyajian, tajuk merupakan penulisan yang paling jarang dihadirkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, Kompas hanya menuliskan masalah lingkungan dalam tajuknya sebanyak lima kali, sementara Sinar Harapan sebanyak 3 kali.Dari 432 tulisan lingkungan yang ditampilkan Kompas, sebanyak 177 berita atau sekitar 41% adalah berita banjir. Sinar Harapan juga memberikan perhatian besar terhadap masalah Banjir yakni 40% dari keseluruhan sajian lingkungannya. Berita lainnya adalah kekeringan, kebutuhan air bersih, dan pencemaran air.Dari 432 berita yang dimuat di Kompas, terdapat 183 tulisan yang memenuhi unsur 5W + 1H, dan ada solusinya. Sementara itu pada Sinar Harapan, dad 255 tulisan yang memenuhi unsur 5W + H dan ada unur pemecahan masalahnya hanya 72 tulisan. Kompas tercatat hanya 90 tulisan dari 435 yang memakai foto dan ilutrasi, sedangkan di Sinar Harapan hanya 60 foto dari ilustrasi dari 255 berita atau tulisan.Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pembahasan dalam tesis ini, dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut:1. Frekuensi dan porsi halaman pemberitaan lingkungan hidup masih sedikit bila dibandingkan dengan pemberitaan bidang lain. Hal ini menunjukkan tingkat kepedulian surat kabar terhadap permasalahan lingkungan hidup masih rendah bila dibandingkan dengan persoalan lingkungan hidup yang sangat kompleks.2. Kepedulian surat kabar dalam menampilkan berita lingkungan hidup yang menerapkan kaidah jurnalisme lingkungan dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal dari eksternal pada surat kabar. Faktor-faktor internal adalah kebijakan redaksional dan manajemen surat kabar tersebut, serta kemampuan dan pengetahuan wartawan yang meliput permasalahan lingkungan hidup. Faktor eksternal yang mempengaruhi pemberitaan masalah lingkungan dengan penerapan kaidah jurnalistik lingkungan adalah kepentingan bisnis dan kondisi sosial-politik yang tengah terjadi.3. Surat kabar yang diteliti telah memiliki perhatian terhadap pemberitaaan permasalahan lingkungan. Namun, dari kedua surat kabar yang diteliti belum menerapkan kaidah jurnalisme lingkungan.Daftar Kepustakaan: 21 (1950-2003)

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Environmental Journalism on Environmental Issues on Newspapers: Case Study: The Awareness of Newspapers on Environmental Issues, Especially Water Issues As part of the media, newspapers have significant role in giving information about environmental issues. Apart from that, newspapers have also important role in providing understanding and comprehension, as well as knowledge about environmental issues to the society.

The purpose of this research is to find the degree of awareness of newspapers in living environment, especially in water issues, based on the frequency of the coverage and the portion of pages provided for the environmental news. This research also intends to identify factors, which motivate newspapers to publish environmental news based on the principle of environmental journalism, and to discover the use of environmental journalism principles in composing environmental news, especially water issues, in the newspapers.

The proposed Hypothesis in this research is that newspapers have not used environmental journalism principles in providing environmental news.

This research is an expos' facto research, and the method being used is an analysis of the news contents in the published newspapers. The newspapers, which were selected as object of this research, are Kompas and Sinar Harapan. The data-collecting technique being used in this research is documentation study and interviews. Validation of data was conducted based on reability tests by were of Holsti formula.

The results of this research show that Kompas has published 432 articles, whereas Sinar Harapan published 255 articles. Viewed from the frequency of the form of the news, regular news are more appealing than other forms of news. Regular news on environment, especially in water issues in Kompas represent a percentage of 41% of all the articles on environment, whereas Sinar Harapan 42%. The composition of the news in a featured form in Kompas is 18%, whereas in Sinar Harapan 20%.

Of all four types of composition, editorial is the least published form. During the research, Kompas wrote five times environmental issues in its editorial forms, whereas Sinar Harapan three times of all 432 environmental articles published by pampas, there are 177 news, or about 41%, which concerned about flood. Sinar Harapan also gives tremendous attention towards flood disasters, and it is noted that flood issues consumed 40% of all the environmental issues. Other news are about drought, clean water necessity, and water pollution.

Of all the 432 news published, there are 183 articles which meet the 5W + 1H criteria, and including solutions. While in Sinar Harapan, of all the 255 articles, there are 72 articles which include 5W + IH elements and problem solving. It is noted that Kompas published only 90 articles with pictures and illustrations, whereas Sinar Harapan published 60 illustrated of all 225 news or articles.

Based on the results of the analysis and discussion in this thesis, it can be concluded that:

1. Frequency and the portion of environmental news in newspapers is less compared to that of the other news. This indicates the level of awareness of newspapers in environmental issues is still low in terms of the complexity of environmental problems.

2. The awareness of newspapers in environmental news, which apply the principles of environmental journalism, is influenced by internal and external factors. The internal factors influenced the using of the environmental journalism principles are the editorial policies and management of the newspaper, as well as the journalists' ability and knowledge in covering issues of environment. However, the external factors, which influence the environmental news using of environmental journalism principles, are commercial and business drive and necessity and the social-political sphere in the country.

3. The newspapers being observed have had attention in environment news. However, in the case of the two newspapers, there were still no significant signs of full application of the principles of environmental journalism.

Number References: 21 (1950-2003)"

"One of factors causing expectation gap is difference in perception of expectation on audited financial statements among users of audited financial statements....."