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"Seiring dengan perkembangan zaman, teknologi memiliki peranan penting dalam memajukan perekonomian, utamanya bagi negara berkembang dan negara terbelakang yang belum menguasai teknologi tepat guna bagi perindustrian. Untuk mengadakan akses terhadap teknologi bagi negara-negara berkembang dan negara-negara terbelakang, dilakukanlah transfer of technologi dari negara maju agar negara berkembang dan negara terbelakang dapat menguasai teknologi-teknologi yang meningkatkan daya saing mereka dalam perdagangan internasional. Namun, kerjasama transfer of technology seringkali menimbulkan sengketa, khususnya terkait hak dan kewajiban para pihak (termasuk hak kekayaan intelektual pengalih teknologi dan perbedaan kepentingan antara negara berkembang dan negara maju). Untuk itu, dalam skripsi ini penulis meninjau sengketa-sengketa terkait transfer of technology dari perspektif hukum perdagangan internasional. Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif, dimana penulis menganalisis sengketa transfer of technology dari berbagai perjanjian antarnegara, peraturan perundang-undangan dan kasus-kasus. Dari penelitian tersebut, penulis menemukan bahwa sengketa transfer of technology pada umumnya mencakup pelanggaran hak kekayaan intelektual pengalih teknologi dan aspek-aspek lain dalam perdagangan internasional. Kemudian, penulis menemukan bahwa sejatinya instrumen-instrumen hukum perdagangan internasional telah mengakomodasi kepentingan negara berkembang dan negara terbelakang untuk menguasai teknologi yang dapat memajukan perekonomian serta kepentingan negara maju terkait pelindungan hak kekayaan intelektual.

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As the world advances to a new era, technology remains at the corner stone of economic development, especially for developing and the least-developed nations, which have yet to possess viable technological base for their industries. To provide access for such technology, transfer of technology from the developed to the developing and least-developed countries is necessary, as it would lead the recipients to a more competitive position in the international trade. This, however, is not without its issues. Transfer of technology often sparks dispute between the parties involved, mainly with respect to their rights and obligations (including, but not limited to, the intellectual property rights of the transferor and competing interests of developing and developed nation). For that reason, the author will thoroughly observe the legal aspects of such disputes from international trade law standpoint. In doing so, the author implements the normative-juridical method, of which the author will analyze those disputes based on treaties, laws and regulations, and case laws. From this observation, the author found that transfer of technology disputes strongly connects with intellectual property issues and other aspects of international trade. Furthermore, the author found that international trade law instruments have sufficiently accommodate the interests of developing and the least-developed nations with respect to technology dissemination, as well as developed countries interest on intellectual property rights protection."

"Tujuan umum dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meneliti kointegrasi dan dinamika jangka pendek, dan untuk mencari portofolio optimal antara indeks saham gabungan pada enam negara emerging market di ASEAN pada rentang waktu penelitian 1 Januari 2011- 31 Desember 2013 untuk mengetahui apakah masih terdapat peluang diversifikasi internasional. Setelah dilakukan uji unit root terhadap data time series index harga saham harian menggunakan uji Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) dan Phillips-Perron (PP), kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji kointegrasi menggunakan model Johansen dan Juselius, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa terdapat satu kointegrasi antara indeks saham gabungan pada enam negara ASEAN, hal ini menunjukan adanya peluang diversifikasi portofolio internasional. Selain itu, dengan menggunakan metode mean-variance dengan mean-lower partial moment untuk mencari portofolio optimal, didapatkan bahwa berinvestasi pada kawasan ASEAN pada ketiga periode di atas masih memiliki daya tarik karena dapat memberikan return yang lebih besar dari risk free assets pada tingkat risiko tertentu.

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The general objective of this study is to examine cointegration and shortterm dynamics, and to find the optimal portfolio between composite stock index among six emerging market countries in ASEAN during the period of January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2013 to determine whether there is chance for international diversification. After testing the unit root problem on daily stock price index time series data using Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP), and then proceed with the cointegration test using Johansen and Juselius models, the study find that there is a cointegration between composite stock index among six ASEAN countries, which indicate the chance of international portfolio diversification. And, by using the mean-variance and mean-lower partial moment method to find the optimal portfolio, the result shows that investing in the ASEAN region during the research period still attractive, because it provides larger return compare to invest in risk free assets at a certain level of risk."

"The book introduces a tailorable method for the internationalization of services. Each component of the method addresses a typical challenge of the international implementation of services, such as the design and modularization of services for international markets, the choice of locations for service operations, and the transfer of services to new locations. Case studies in IT services, facility management services, and information services illustrate the practical application of the method. In-depth chapters discuss theoretical foundations of the method and insights of related research fields."

"This paper shows the economic effects after Korea-US FTA through panel model and simultaneous equation model. First of all, the panel analysis results of industrial trade creation effects due to the tariff elimination after Korea-US FTA are as below."

"Perubahan iklim telah menjadi isu utama dewasa ini. Untuk mencegah danmengurangi dampak perubahan iklim, pada tahun 1992 negara-negara di duniabersepakat untuk membentuk Kerangka Kerja Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa UntukPerubahan Iklim. Dalam perkembangannya konvensi ini menciptakan mekanismepenurunan emisi yang menitikberatkan kepada adanya alih teknologi dari negaramaju ke negara berkembang. Alih teknologi ini diharapkan akan membantunegara berkembang dalam menerapkan ketentuan-ketentuan konvensi. Indonesiasebagai negara berkembang memiliki kepentingan akan alih teknologi di dalammekanisme Kerangka Kerja Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa Mengenai PerubahanIklim. Terdapat beberapa kasus alih teknologi di dalam mekanisme KerangkaKerja Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa Mengenai Perubahan Iklim di beberapa negaraberkembang. Alih teknologi menjadi kepentingan negara berkembang untukmembangun negara dengan prinsip pembangunan berkelanjutan. Oleh karena ituperaturan internasional dan nasional akan alih teknologi dalam upaya penurunanemisi di dalam Kerangka Kerja Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa Mengenai PerubahanIklim harus jelas, adil dan bertanggungjawab.

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AbstractClimate change has been the main issue nowadays. To prevent and reduce theimpacts of climate change, in 1992 countries in the world agreed to form theUnited Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. During thedevelopment, the convention has created emission reduction mechanisms whichemphasize technology transfer from developed countries to developing countries.The technology transfer is expected to help developing countries to implement theprovisions of the convention. Indonesia as a developing country has interests intechnology transfer within the mechanism of the United Nations FrameworkConvention on Climate Change. There are several cases of technology transferwithin the mechanism of the United Nations Framework Convention on ClimateChange in some developing countries. Technology transfer has become an interestof developing countries to develop their countries with sustainable developmentprinciples. Therefore, international and national regulations of technology transferin the effort of reducing emission within United Nations Framework Conventionon Climate Change have to be clear, fair, and responsible."