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"Penelitian ini ingin melihat dampak peningkatan daya beli konsumen di dunia baik negara maju dan negara berkembang dalam percepatan ekonomi yang diperlukan untuk mencapai tujuan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang lebih baik dan tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Generalized Method of Moment (GMM), penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh respon pengaruh dari Consumer Confidence Index (CCI) dunia terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi dengan menggunakan data sekunder World Bank dan Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD dari 2010 hingga 2023. Kami mengeksplorasi faktor yang mempengaruhi meningkatnya Consumer Confidence Index (CCI) merupakan salah satu indikator peningkatan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi pembangunan perekonomian suatu negara baik negara maju dan berkembang dalam mendorong negara yang berkelanjutan sebagai wujud dunia meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dunia.

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This study wants to look at the impact of increasing consumer purchasing power in the world, both developed and developing countries, in accelerating the economy needed to achieve better economic growth goals and sustainable development goals. This study uses the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) approach, this study analyzes the influence of the world's Consumer Confidence Index (CCI) response on economic growth using secondary data from the World Bank and the OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development from 2010 to 2023. We explore the factors that affect the increase in the Consumer Confidence Index (CCI), which is one of the indicators of increasing economic growth, economic development of a country, both developed and developing countries, in encouraging a sustainable country as a form of the world, improving the welfare of the world community."

"This book shows that the definitions and implications of the concept of balanced growth vary significantly among the different disciplines in economic science, but are not exclusive at all.Terms such as sustainability or balanced growth have become buzzwords. In practice, they are often a desirable vision rather than an achievable objective. Doubts may arise about the extent to which such concepts are compatible with a modern market economy. Is balanced growth possible at all? Is it reasonable to accept balanced growth as a norm? Why should a balanced growth path be a desirable strategy to pursue for policymakers, managers, employees, and other societal stakeholders? Empirical evidence suggests that the actual worldwide economic growth is not balanced at all. Meanwhile, ever since the beginning of the financial and economic crisis in 2007 and its accompanying spillover effects, our globalizing world has uncompromisingly shown the flip side of its coin. Its crisis-prone character has intensified the discussion about our economic system’s sustainability. Questions related to acceptable sovereign debt levels, suitable trade deficits and surpluses, firms’ growth targets, resource management and efficiency have aroused high interest. What is the cause of the observed imbalances? In our opinion, this debate must involve rethinking the qualitative and quantitative dimension of our present understanding of the nature of economic growth.A companion volume to a renowned symposium at the University of St. Gallen, this collection of articles by renowned researchers and practitioners tackles this urgent topic from a variety of angles, including macroeconomic and resourcing perspectives."

"Public utilities development have to growth compatibalities and urban system. Atleast, need two of paradigm; economic and ecology. Convergencies of economic and ecology paradigm has to implemented on urban planning., who concider city development, population and public service."

"How to sustain our world for future generations has perplexed us for centuries. We have reached a crossroads: we may choose the rocky path of responsibility or continue on the paved road of excess that promises hardship for our progeny. Independent efforts to resolve isolated issues are inadequate. Different from these efforts and from other books on the topic, this book uses systems thinking to understand the dominant forces that are shaping our hope for sustainability. It first describes a mental model, the bubble that holds our beliefs - that emerges from preponderant world views and explains current global trends. The model emphasizes economic growth and drives behavior toward short-term and self-motivated outcomes that thwart sustainability. The book then weaves statistical trends into a system diagram and shows how the economic, environmental, and societal contributors of sustainability interact. From this holistic perspective, it finds leverage points where actions can be most effective and combines eight areas of intervention into an integrated plan. By emphasizing both individual and collective actions, it addresses the conundrum of how to blend human nature with sustainability. Finally, it identifies primary three lessons we can learn by applying systems thinking to sustainability. Its metaphor-rich and accessible style makes the complex topic approachable and allows the reader to appreciate the intricate balance required to sustain life on earth."

"ABSTRAKThesis ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor penentu pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. Untuk itu, dilakukan analisis terhadap data panel dari 33 provinsi di Indonesia mulai tahun 2006 sampai 2015. Analisis empiris pada thesis ini melibatkan dua metode estimasi: 1 Ordinary Least Squares OLS dengan Fixed Effects Model, dan 2 Generalized Method of Moments GMM . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rasio investasi sebagai akumulasi persediaan physical capital, tingkat pendidikan sebagai akumulasi persediaan human capital, pertumbuhan penduduk, desentralisasi, dan perdagangan memiliki dampak positif yang signifikan terhadap pendapatan per kapita. Selanjutnya, pengeluaran pemerintah dan proporsi penganut agama Islam memiliki pengaruh negatif yang signifikan terhadap pendapatan per kapita. Disisi lain, proporsi penganut agama Kristen Protestan dan Kristen Katolik tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap pendapatan per kapita.

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ABSTRACT This paper identifies the determinants of economic growth in Indonesia. To accomplish this, panel data for 33 provinces in Indonesia, for the years of 2006 through 2015, were analyzed. The empirical analysis involved two estimation methods 1 Ordinary Least Squares OLS with a Fixed Effects Model, and 2 Generalized Method of Moments GMM . The results reveal that investment ratio as the stock of physical capital, education level as the stock of human capital population growth, decentralization, and trade across the provinces have a significant positive impact on the income per capita. Government expenditures and the proportion of adherents to the Islam religion have a significant negative influence on the income per capita. However, the proportion of adherents to the Protestant and the Catholic religions do not affect the income per capita."

"Tesis ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis apakah arah kebijakan fiskal, khususnya pengeluaran pemerintah, dipengaruhi perubahan siklus ekonomi dan berdampak signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi atau tidak. Studi ini membahas hubungan antara pengeluaran investasi pemerintah dan output gap menggunakan model regresi ordinary least squares (OLS) yang meliputi tiga periode observasi (1980-1996, 2001, dan 1980-2014). Secara umum, hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pengeluaran investasi pemerintah cenderung mengarah acyclical (netral). Selain itu, paper ini juga menganalisis dampak perubahan pengeluaran investasi pemerintah terhadap Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) menggunakan model vector autoregression (VAR). Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pengeluaran investasi pemerintah tidak berdampak signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi.

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This paper investigated whether fiscal policy, especially government investment expenditure in Indonesia, depends on changes in the economic business cycle and whether its impact is significant on economic growth. This paper analyzed the relationship between government investment expenditure and output gap using an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression covering three periods of study (1980-1996, 2001-2014, and 1980-2014). In general, the result showed government investment expenditure tended to be acyclical. This study also evaluated the impact of the changes in government investment expenditure on gross domestic product (GDP) using a vector autoregression (VAR) approach. The results revealed government investment expenditure did not have a significant impact on economic growth."