Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Sistem intercropping merupakan sistem budidaya tanaman yang dilakukan dengan menanamlebih dari satu jenis tanaman secara bersamaan pada areal lahan yang sama. Sistemintercropping dinilai mampu meningkatkan hasil pendapatan dan mengurangi resikokerugian akibat gagal panen pada salah satu tanaman produksi. Penanaman bersama tanamanbunga matahari dan tomat merupakan salah satu contoh sistem budidaya tanamanmenggunakan sistem intercropping. Namun, penelitian yang mengkaji tentang sistemintercropping tanaman bunga matahari dan tomat dalam upaya meningkatkan hasil panenmasih sangat terbatas. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengevaluasiefektivitas sistem intercropping bunga matahari dan tomat terhadap pengendalian gulma,produktivitas dan pertumbuhan tanaman produksi. Tanaman bunga matahari dan tanamantomat ditanam dalam waktu yang bersamaan dengan pola yang berselang seling selama 13pekan dengan rasio 1:1 sebanyak dua kali pengulangan. Berdasarkan evaluasi hasil panen,sistem intercropping bunga matahari dan tomat menyebabkan hasil panen buah tomat danyield bunga matahari menurun (LER= 0,652<1). Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh persainganinterspesifik yang didominasi oleh tanaman tomat (A= +0,165, CR=1,677). Berdasarkan ujiMann Whitney, berat yield bunga matahari/individu tanaman pada sistem intercropppinglebih rendah dibandingkan dengan sistem monocropping sehingga memiliki perbedaan yangsignifikan (P<0,05). Oleh karena itu, penggunaan tanaman bunga matahari sebagai tanamanpendamping pada sistem intercropping tomat dinilai kurang tepat apabila transplantasidilakukan secara bersamaan. Meskipun demikian, sistem intercropping bunga matahari dantomat memiliki efektivitas yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan sistem monocropping dalammenghambat pertumbuhan gulma dan infeksi hama serta menurunkan peristiwa retak buahtomat. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan evaluasi terkait waktu dan rasio yangtepat dalam pengaplikasian tanaman bunga matahari sebagai tanaman pendamping padasistem intercropping tomat.

---

The intercropping system was a plant cultivation system that was carried out by planting

more than one type of plant simultaneously on the same land area. The intercropping system

had been considered to be able to increase income yield and reduce the risk of loss due to

crop failure in one of the production plants. The co-planting of sunflower and tomato plants

was an example of a crop cultivation system using an intercropping system. However,

research that examines the intercropping system of sunflower and tomato plants in an effort

to increase yields was still very limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the

effectiveness of sunflower and tomato intercropping systems on plant productivity and weed

control. Sunflower and tomato plants were transplanted at the same time and planted in a

pattern that was alternated for 13 weeks at a 1:1 ratio of two times. Based on the evaluation

results, the sunflower and tomato intercropping system caused the tomato fruit yield and

sunflower yield to decrease (LER = 0.652 <1). This was caused by interspecific competition

which was dominated by tomato plants (A = +0.165, CR = 1.677). Based on the Mann

Whitney test, the yield weight of sunflower / individual plants in the intercroppping system

had a lower weight than the monocropping system so that it had a significant difference (P

<0.05). Therefore, the use of sunflower plants as companion plants in the tomato

intercropping system was considered inappropriate if the transplants were carried out

simultaneously. However, the sunflower and tomato intercropping system had better

effectiveness than the monocropping system in inhibiting weed growth and pest infection

and reducing the incidence of tomato fruit cracking. This research was expected to provide

appropriate considerations regarding the use of sunflowers as a companion plant in the

tomato intercropping system in an effort to increase plant productivity and weed control."

"Sistem intercropping merupakan sistem budidaya tanaman yang dilakukan dengan menanam lebih dari satu jenis tanaman secara bersamaan pada areal lahan yang sama. Sistem intercropping dinilai mampu meningkatkan hasil pendapatan dan mengurangi resiko kerugian akibat gagal panen pada salah satu tanaman produksi. Penanaman bersama tanaman bunga matahari dan tomat merupakan salah satu contoh sistem budidaya tanaman menggunakan sistem intercropping. Namun, penelitian yang mengkaji tentang sistem intercropping tanaman bunga matahari dan tomat dalam upaya meningkatkan hasil panen masih sangat terbatas. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengevaluasiefektivitas sistem intercropping bunga matahari dan tomat terhadap pengendalian gulma, produktivitas dan pertumbuhan tanaman produksi. Tanaman bunga matahari dan tanaman tomat ditanam dalam waktu yang bersamaan dengan pola yang berselang seling selama 13 pekan dengan rasio 1:1 sebanyak dua kali pengulangan. Berdasarkan evaluasi hasil panen, sistem intercropping bunga matahari dan tomat menyebabkan hasil panen buah tomat dan yield bunga matahari menurun (LER= 0,652<1). Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh persainganinterspesifik yang didominasi oleh tanaman tomat (A= +0,165, CR=1,677). Berdasarkan uji Mann Whitney, berat yield bunga matahari/individu tanaman pada sistem intercroppping lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan sistem monocropping sehingga memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan (P<0,05). Oleh karena itu, penggunaan tanaman bunga matahari sebagai tanaman pendamping pada sistem intercropping tomat dinilai kurang tepat apabila transplantasi dilakukan secara bersamaan. Meskipun demikian, sistem intercropping bunga matahari dantomat memiliki efektivitas yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan sistem monocropping dalam menghambat pertumbuhan gulma dan infeksi hama serta menurunkan peristiwa retak buah tomat. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan evaluasi terkait waktu dan rasio yang tepat dalam pengaplikasian tanaman bunga matahari sebagai tanaman pendamping pada sistem intercropping tomat.

---

The intercropping system was a plant cultivation system that was carried out by planting more than one type of plant simultaneously on the same land area. The intercropping system

had been considered to be able to increase income yield and reduce the risk of loss due to

crop failure in one of the production plants. The co-planting of sunflower and tomato plants

was an example of a crop cultivation system using an intercropping system. However,

research that examines the intercropping system of sunflower and tomato plants in an effort

to increase yields was still very limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the

effectiveness of sunflower and tomato intercropping systems on plant productivity and weed

control. Sunflower and tomato plants were transplanted at the same time and planted in a

pattern that was alternated for 13 weeks at a 1:1 ratio of two times. Based on the evaluation

results, the sunflower and tomato intercropping system caused the tomato fruit yield and

sunflower yield to decrease (LER = 0.652 <1). This was caused by interspecific competition

which was dominated by tomato plants (A = +0.165, CR = 1.677). Based on the Mann

Whitney test, the yield weight of sunflower / individual plants in the intercroppping system

had a lower weight than the monocropping system so that it had a significant difference (P

<0.05). Therefore, the use of sunflower plants as companion plants in the tomato

intercropping system was considered inappropriate if the transplants were carried out

simultaneously. However, the sunflower and tomato intercropping system had better

effectiveness than the monocropping system in inhibiting weed growth and pest infection

and reducing the incidence of tomato fruit cracking. This research was expected to provide

appropriate considerations regarding the use of sunflowers as a companion plant in the

tomato intercropping system in an effort to increase plant productivity and weed control."

"Pemulsaan merupakan teknik yang sering digunakan petani di Indonesia untuk mengendalikan gulma pada area penanaman. Daun ketapang gugur yang merupakan sampah masih memiliki banyak manfaat salah satunya dapat dijadikan sebagai mulsa organik untuk mengendalikan gulma. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas penggunaan mulsa daun ketapang gugur dalam menghambat pertumbuhan gulma dan pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan serta produktivitas tanaman tomat. Penelitian terdiri atas tiga perlakuan yaitu tanpa mulsa, mulsa daun ketapang, dan mulsa plastik dengan masing-masing terdiri atas empat ulangan. Tanaman tomat ditanam di bedengan selama delapan pekan pengamatan. Efektivitas penggunaan mulsa ditinjau dari parameter tanah, pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman, produktivitas tanaman tomat, dan pertumbuhan gulma. Hasil pengamatan parameter tanah seperti suhu, pH, dan kelembapan menunjukkan rerata yang cenderung seragam pada semua perlakuan. Berdasarkan uji Anova, tinggi tanaman, berat basah tanaman, dan kadar klorofil tidak berbeda nyata antar perlakuan. Data generatif tanaman yang diamati berupa waktu berbunga. Penggunaan mulsa daun ketapang gugur dinilai sangat efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan gulma. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi tambahan terhadap pemanfaatan daun ketapang gugur dalam mempengaruhi produktivitas tanaman dan pengendalian gulma.

---

Mulching is a technique often used by farmers in Indonesia to control weeds in planting areas. Ketapang fallen leaves which are considered as a waste still have benefit, they can be used as organic mulch to control weeds. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of using mulch of ketapang fallen leaves on weed control and tomato plant productivity. This study consisted of three treatments, without mulching, leaf mulch of Ketapang, and plastic mulch each consisting of four replications. Tomato plants were planted in raised beds for eight weeks. The effectiveness of using mulch was determined from soil parameters, vegetative growth, plant productivity, and weed growth. The observations on soil parameters such as temperature, pH, and humidity, showed average values tend to be uniform in all treatments. Based on the Anova test, vegetative growth such as plant height, fresh weight, and chlorophyll content were not significantly different. The plant productivity is measured at the time flowers appears. The use of ketapang fallen leaves as mulch is considered very effective in inhibiting weed growth. This study is expected to provide additional information on the use of ketapang fallen leaves in influencing plant productivity and weed control."

"Mulsa plastik telah dilaporkan sebagai metode paling efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan gulma dan meningkatkan produksi tanaman tomat. Namun, mulsa plastik berdampak buruk bagi lingkungan, sehingga mulsa organik dianggap sebagai metode alternatif untuk mengendalikan pertumbuhan gulma. Sekam padi merupakan salah satu bahan mulsa yang menjanjikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh mulsa sekam padi terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman tomat dan pengaruhnya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan gulma. Tiga perlakuan (tanpa mulsa, mulsa sekam padi sebanyak 4 kg/m2, dan mulsa plastik) diaplikasikan pada 6 plot penanaman yang berisi 6 tanaman tomat/plot. Secara statistik mulsa sekam padi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman tomat, ukuran buah, dan bobot buah. Sebaliknya, tanaman yang diberi mulsa plastik menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang lebih baik meskipun secara statistik tidak signifikan. Terdapat indikasi tanaman yang diberi mulsa sekam padi mengalami over mulsa (overmulching) karena sebagian daun terlihat kekuningan dan terbakar. Namun, perlakuan mulsa sekam padi dianggap sama efektifnya dengan mulsa plastik dalam menghambat pertumbuhan gulma karena kepadatan gulma turun hingga 75 %.

---

Plastic mulch has been reported as the most effective method in inhibiting weeds and increasing tomato production. As plastic mulches bring adverse effect to environment, organic mulches are considered as the alternative method to control weed growth. Rice husk (RH) is one of the promising materials for mulch. This study aimed to investigate the effect of fresh RH mulch on tomato plant’s growth and its effect on inhibiting weed growth. Three treatments (without mulch, 4 kg/m2 RH mulch, and plastic mulch) were carried out in a total of 6 plots containing 6 tomato plants/plot. Statistically, RH mulch had no significant effect on tomato plant growth, fruit size, and fruit weight. In contrast, plants treated with plastic mulch showed better growth even though it was not statistically significant. There was in indication of plants treated with RH mulch experienced over mulching as some of their leaves were observed to be yellowish and burnt. However, RH mulch treatment was considered as effective as plastic mulch in inhibiting weed growth as the weed density was decreased up to 75 %."

"Mulsa plastik telah banyak digunakan oleh petani di Indonesia dalam budidaya tanaman tomat. Penggunaan mulsa plastik dinilai efektif dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman dan menghambat gulma. Namun, penggunaan mulsa plastik dalam jangka panjang dapat mencemari lingkungan karena mulsa plastik sulit terurai. Penggunaan mulsa organik dapat menjadi alternatif dalam menghambat gulma, salah satunya mulsa daun bambu. Mulsa daun bambu diketahui dapat menghasilkan senyawa alelokimia untuk menghambat gulma. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis efektivitas penggunaan mulsa daun bambu dalam menghambat gulma dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman tomat. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan 3 perlakuan yaitu tanpa mulsa, mulsa plastik dan mulsa daun bambu. Setiap perlakuan terdiri atas 4 plot penanaman dan masing-masing plot terdiri dari 2 tanaman tomat. Berdasarkan analisis statistik pertumbuhan tanaman tomat menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan secara signifikan pada setiap perlakuan. Sebaliknya, berdasarkan rata-rata pertumbuhan tanaman menunjukkan bahwa mulsa plastik memiliki pengaruh yang lebih baik daripada tanpa mulsa dan mulsa daun bambu. Berdasarkan analisis statistik berat basah buah dan diameter buah menunjukkan adanya perbedaan secara signifikan pada setiap perlakuan. Sedangkan, untuk parameter gulma menunjukkan bahwa pemberian mulsa memiliki rata-rata jumlah dan kerapatan gulma yang lebih rendah daripada tanpa mulsa.

---

Plastic mulch has been widely used by farmers in Indonesia in cultivating tomato plants. The use of plastic mulch is considered effective in increasing plant growth and inhibiting weeds. However, the long-term use of plastic mulch can pollute the environment because plastic mulch is difficult to decompose. The use of organic mulch can be an alternative in inhibiting weeds, one of which is bamboo leaf mulch. Bamboo leaf mulch is known to produce allelochemical compounds to inhibit weeds. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of using bamboo leaf mulch in inhibiting weeds and increasing the growth of tomato plants. This research was conducted using 3 treatments, namely without mulch, plastic mulch and bamboo leaf mulch. Each treatment consisted of 4 planting plots and each plot consisted of 2 tomato plants. Based on the statistical analysis of tomato plant growth, the results showed no significant difference in each treatment. On the other hand, based on the growth rate of plants, it shows that plastic mulch has a better effect than without mulch and bamboo leaf mulch. Based on the statistical analysis of fruit wet weight and fruit diameter, there were significant differences in each treatment. Meanwhile, weed parameters showed that mulching had an average number and density of weeds lower than without mulch."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bukti empiris tentang pengaruh efektivitas pengendalian internal dan ukuran KAP terhadap probabilitas kecurangan dalam laporan keuangan perusahaan. Penelitian ini penting dilakukan karena masih banyak kasus fraud yang terjadi di Indonesia. Objek penelitian terdiri dari seluruh perusahaan selain keuangan yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2016-2017 dan menghasilkan 494 perusahaan sebagai observasi. Variabel terikat dalam penelitian ini adalah probabilitas kecurangan yang diukur dengan menggunakan model M-SCORE (Beneish, 1999). Variabel independen terdiri dari efektivitas pengendalian internal perusahaan yang diukur dengan metode scoring berdasarkan alat ilustrasi Kerangka Pengendalian Internal Terintegrasi COSO 2013, dan ukuran Kantor Akuntan Publik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas pengendalian internal berpengaruh terhadap kemungkinan terjadinya kecurangan dalam laporan keuangan perusahaan. Sedangkan ukuran KAP tidak berpengaruh terhadap kemungkinan terjadinya kecurangan dalam laporan keuangan perusahaan.

---

This study aims to provide empirical evidence about the effect of the effectiveness of internal control and KAP measures on the probability of fraud in the company's financial statements. This research is important because there are still many cases of fraud that occur in Indonesia. The object of the study consisted of all companies other than finance listed on the IDX in 2016-2017 and resulted in 494 companies as observations. The dependent variable in this study is the probability of fraud as measured using the M-SCORE model (Beneish, 1999). The independent variables consist of the effectiveness of the company's internal control as measured by the scoring method based on the 2013 COSO Integrated Internal Control Framework illustration tool, and the size of the Public Accounting Firm. The results of this study indicate that the effectiveness of internal control affects the possibility of fraud in the company's financial statements. While the size of the KAP has no effect on the possibility of fraud in the company's financial statements."

"Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.) merupakan tanaman yang umum dikonsumsi masyarakat Indonesia. Pemenuhan pemanfaatan mentimun tersebut perlu didukung dengan pertumbuhan tanaman mentimun yang baik, khususnya pada lahan terbatas. Pertumbuhan tanaman mentimun pada lahan terbatas dapat ditingkatkan dengan pemberian Effective Microorganisms (EM4) pada polybag pada saat penanaman tanaman. Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis EM4 yang terbaik bagi pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman mentimun. Percobaan terdiri dari kontrol dan tiga perlakuan dengan enam ulangan, yakni pemberian EM4 dengan dosis sebanyak 20 mL, 40 mL, dan 60 mL per polybag. Pemberian EM4 dilakukan dengan cara dikocor setiap delapan hari sekali ke media tanam dalam polybag yang mengandung pupuk kandang dan NPK. Pemberian EM4 menghasilkan peningkatan pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman mentimun, yakni tinggi tanaman, waktu munculnya bunga, jumlah bunga, jumlah bunga yang membentuk buah, serta kadar klorofil daun. Dosis EM4 sebanyak 40 mL memberikan hasil yang terbaik. Hasil pemberian EM4 tersebut tidak terlepas dari pengaruh parameter lingkungan, yakni suhu dan kelembapan udara, curah hujan serta pH tanah. Perlu adanya pengkajian lebih lanjut mengenai kandungan hasil panen mentimun dengan pemberian EM4 dosis 40 mL.

---

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is a nutritious and flavored plant that is widely consumed in Indonesia. Cucumber utilization must be supported by good cucumber plant growth, especially on restricted land. Cucumber plant growth on restricted land can be accelerated by adding Effective Microorganisms (EM4) to polybags during the planting. A study has been conducted to discover the best dose of EM4 for cucumber plant growth and productivity. The experiment consisted of control and three treatments with six replications, including the administration of EM4 in doses of 20 mL, 40 mL, and 60 mL per polybag. EM4 is applied by pouring it into the planting media in polybags containing manure and NPK every eight days. Giving EM4 resulted in enhanced cucumber plant growth and productivity, namely plant height, time of flower emergence, number of flowers, number of flowers that become fruit, and leaf chlorophyll content. The best results are obtained with a 40 mL EM4 dosage. The effects of environmental elements, such as air temperature and humidity, rainfall, and soil pH, are inseparable from the results of providing EM4. Further research into the content of cucumber yields produced by administering EM4 at a dose of 40 mL is required."