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"Manusia hidup dengan dikelilingi oleh banyak profesor kehidupan yaitu setiap individu mahluk hidup lainnya. Tiap individu mahluk hidup merespon lingkungannya dengan mekanisme bertahan hidup yang berbeda-beda. Kini manusia merespon lingkungannya dengan melawan mekanisme alam yang mengakibatkan disaster cycle loop yang merusak hubungan timbal balik antara manusia dengan alam. Fenomena ini terjadi secara global dan salah satunya terjadi di Jakarta Utara. Dengan mengambil latar peristiwa Jakarta di tahun 2050, dimana Jakarta telah tenggelam di bawah permukaan air. Spekulasi akan masa depan Jakarta ini mendorong manusia untuk beradaptasi dan mengembrace air sebagai medium bertinggal baru. Proyek tugas akhir ini menawarkan biomimikri mekanisme bertahan hidup dari kerang hijau sebagai cara pandang lain dalam mendesain Jakarta Baru sebagai arsitektur yang tidak hanya mampu menghidupi dirinya namun juga menjadi sumber kehidupan bagi ekosistemnya.

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Humankind living their lives surrounded by professors of life , those living creatures who live side by side to us. Each individual response their natural surroundings with unique and specific surviving mechanism. In present time , humankind has the tendencies to fight the nature as form of their surviving mechanism which creating the disaster loop cycle. This phenomenon damaging the relationship between human and their mother nature. Sadly this happen globally in our world and it also depict in North Jakarta. Taking timeline on 2050 when Jakarta ground level submerged below the sea surface. This speculation of Jakartas future will ultimately push human to adapt and embrace water as our new living interface. The Final project proposes the idea of musselss surviving mechanism biomimicking from which the design of The New Jakarta is sought to be able not only feed the architecture itself but also to be the energy source for its ecosystem."

"Dari sekian banyak objek biomimikri oleh manusia, sarang lebah merupakan salah satu yang sudah sejak lama dikaji dan masih terus dikaji hingga saat ini. Mengenai bagaimana sarang lebah memberi inspirasi dalam menjawab permasalahan arsitetural manusia, menjadi isu yang akan dibahas dalam penulisan skripsi ini. Pengkajian isu dibagi ke dalam tiga kategori berdasarkan kebutuhan arsitektural yang sama-sama dimiliki manusia dan lebah, yakni kebutuhan dalam pengaturan suhu, efisiensi ruang dan material, serta struktur kuat dan ringan. Hasil yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa mengimitasi sarang lebah dapat menjadi solusi yang potensial dalam menjawab permasalahan arsitektur. Penerapan yang dapat dilakukan mulai dari skala kecil seperti ruangan hingga penataan urban.

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Of many biomimicry objects by human, beehive is one that has long been studied and still continues to be studied until now. Regarding how beehive, gives inspiration in answering human architectural problems, becomes an issue that will be discussed in this essay. The issue will be discussed by dividing it into three categories based on the same architectural needs of both human and bee, which are the needs of thermal regulation, space and material efficiency, and light but strong structure. The result obtained in this essay indicate that imitating beehive can be a potential solution to answer the problems in architecture. The application in architecture start from a small-scale like room to urban planning."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang sebaran spasiotemporal spesies HAB di lokasi budidaya kerang hijau (Perna viridis), Kamal Muara, Jakarta Utara pada bulan Mei-Oktober 2011. Sampel diambil secara vertikal di sembilan stasiun dengan plankton-net, dan dilakukan pula pengukuran parameter lingkungan. Spesies HAB yang ditemukan berasal dari kelas Raphidophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, dan Dinophyceae, didominasi oleh Ceratium furca, Chaetoceros spp., Gonyaulax polygramma, Nitzschia spp., Prorocentrum micans, Skeletonema costatum, dan Thalassiosira spp. Berdasarkan peta isoplank diketahui bahwa sebaran terpadat terjadi pada bulan Mei dan Oktober, yaitu di stasiun dekat muara. Berdasarkan Analisis Komponen Utama (AKU) dan Analisis Faktorial Korespondensi (AFK), diketahui bahwa terdapat perbedaan faktor lingkungan penciri di setiap bulan pengamatan yang menyebabkan perbedaan sebaran spesies HAB tertentu. Research on spatiotemporal distribution of HAB species at green mussel (Perna viridis) farming area, Kamal Muara, North Jakarta has been conducted in May to October 2011. Samples were taken vertically at nine stations using plankton-net, and environmental parameters were also measured. The classes of HAB species found in this research were Raphidophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, and Dinophyceae, dominated by Ceratium furca, Chaetoceros spp., Gonyaulax polygramma, Nitzschia spp., Prorocentrum micans, Skeletonema costatum, and Thalassiosira spp. Based on isoplank map, the densest distribution was at stations near river mouth, especially in May and October. Based on the Principle Component Analysis (PCA) and Correspondence Analysis (CA) results, there were differences in environmental factor characterized each month, which will cause differences in the distribution of certain HAB species."

"Biomimikri dapat dikatakan sebagai sebuah pendekatan yang inovatif dalam merancang sesuatu. Biomimikri membutuhkan pemahaman yang mendalam mengenai sistem yang bekerja pada objek alam. Saat ini, biomimikri tidak hanya terbatas pada proses menciptakan sebuah teknologi canggih, namun biomimikri berkembang pada penerapan sistem struktur bangunan tinggi. Biomimikri merupakan pendekatan merancang sesuatu yang bertujuan untuk mengatasi permasalahan manusia, khususnya pada skripsi ini dibahas mengenai permasalahan pada dunia rancang bangun, khusunya akibat pengaruh beban vertikal dan lateral pada sistem struktur bangunan high-rise. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan skripsi ini berupa metode deskriptif melalui studi kepustakaan dan menelaah literatur yang dilanjutkan dengan studi kasus bangunan Taipei 101 dan The Gherkin serta dianalisis dengan metode kualitatif. Skripsi ini juga menjelaskan perbandingan antara pendekatan melalui biomimikri dan bukan biomimikri.

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Biomimicry can be regarded as an innovative approach in designing something. Biomimicry requires a deep understanding of the system that works on natural objects. Currently, biomimicry is not just limited to the process of creating an advanced technology, but biomimicry thrive on the application of the system of high building structure. Biomimicry is an approach to design something that aims to solve human problems, especially in this thesis discussed the problems in the world of building design, especially due to the influence of vertical and lateral loads on the system of high-rise building structures. The method used in writing this thesis in the form of descriptive method through the study of literature, followed by a case study of the building Taipei 101 and The Gherkin and analyzed using qualitative methods. This thesis also describes a comparison between the approach through biomimicry and not biomimicry."

"Arsitektur terbukti merupakan bidang interdisiplin ilmu. Biomimikri merupakan bidang yang menggabungkan dunia perancangan dengan dunia biologi. Melalui pendekatan biomimitik, tulisan ini ingin menjelajahi hubungan antara alam, manusia, dan arsitektur. Dalam kajian ini, penulis mencoba untuk memahami peran arsitektur di dalam konteks bagaimana manusia mengalami alam melalui indra pengelihatan dan pendengaran dengan melakukan proses perancangan arsitektur memakai pengetahuan yang disediakan oleh neuroscience. Tulisan ini juga akan menguji produk arsitektur yang lebih luas cakupannya seperti urban design dan perancangan ruang luar melalui kaca mata biologi dan sebaliknya untuk mengekspose kelayakan metode ini.

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Architecture is proven to be an interdisciplinary field. Biomimicry is the one that merges the world of design and the world of biology. Using biomimietic approachment, this paper wants to explore the relationship between nature, human, and architecture. Within this research, author is trying to learn the role of architecture in the context of how human percieve nature through their senses using audio and visual senses as starting point by doing the architecture design process with the knowledge provided by neuroscience. This paper also examines some wider-scope product of architecture like urban design and exterior design through the perspective of biology and vice versa to exspose the reliability of this method."

"Tingginya penduduk di kota Metropolitan Jakarta membutuhkan lahan permukiman. Lahan yang terbatas mengakibatkan berkembangnya kota-kota baru di pinggiran Jakarta Metropolitan Area (JMA). Salah satunya adalah di kawasan Cibubur dan sekitarnya. Aktivitas penduduk yang tinggal di kota baru mayoritas masih bergantung ke kota utama. Dengan demikian perlunya penyediaan aksesibilitas yang baik dari kota baru ke kota utama. Aksesibilitas yang baik adalah yang memberikan dampak yang minimal kepada lingkungan, kesehatan dan permasalahan sosial, serta yang mendukung perekonomian masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pola aksesibilitas berkelanjutan pada kota baru. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif analitif menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Penelitian mengkaji karakteristik permintaan perjalanan (travel demand), sistem transportasi, aksesibilitas kawasan ditinjau dari konsep keberlanjutan lingkungan, keberlanjutan ekonomi, dan keberlajutan sosial. Pola perjalanan bekerja pada kota baru mayoritas keluar kawasan dengan tujuan dominan ke kota utama (kota metropolitan). Bangkitan dan distribusi perjalanan harus dapat dilayani oleh aksesibilitas yang berkelanjutan.

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Metropolitan city, such as Jakarta, faces huge number of urban population, which has been driving the urban sprawl in the Jakarta?s urban periphery in particular as an effect of the high demand of affordable housing. Limited affordable land for housing drives rapid growth of real estate and new city around Jakarta Metropolitan Area (JMA), one of the rapid growth area is Cibubur, which the majority of inhabitants have highly depending to Jakarta for living. Thus, provision of proper accessibility may mitigate impact to environment, health, socio economy of the commuters. Objective of this research is aiming to explore the sustainable accessibility in new city. The research applied descriptive analysis using quantitative method and analyzed travel demand characteristics, system transportation from sustainable development perspectives. Majority of travel demand are heading to outside of Cibubur area to the main city (Jakarta). Sustainable accessibility is envisaged to serve all of travel demand and distribution from new city."

"Kurnia AI, Purwanto E, Mahajoeno E. 2010. Exposure copper heavy metal (Cu) on freshwater mussel (Anodonta woodiana) and its relation to Cu and protein content in the body shell. Nusantara Bioscience 2: 48-53. To determine the relationship of Cu exposure in water to the freshwater mussel exposure experiment is conducted with water containing Cu. Which measured the influence of Cu and protein content in the body shell. This study used the freshwater mussel species, Anodonta woodiana. Oysters were exposed for four weeks in the water with Cu concentration of 0.02 ppm, 0.04 ppm, 0.06 ppm and 0.00 ppm control. Cu content and protein content in the body shells are checked every week. Cu analysis was done by AAS method and the protein content using Kjeldahl method. Cu analysis showed elevated levels of Cu in mussel body after exposure. The pattern of increase in Cu content was not the same, where the pattern of the largest increases occurred after the fourth week. The statistical test showed no significant effect between the treatment with Cu accumulation in the body shell. Protein analysis showed an increase of protein content after exposure of the second week and decreased after the third and fourth weeks. The pattern of changes in protein content varied among the various treatments. The statistical test showed no significant effect between treatment with the protein changes in the body shell. Correlation test of the relationship between concentration of Cu in mussel body protein level showed a positive correlation between them with a fairly good level of relationship (correlation coefficient r =0.836). "

"This book presents the achievements in bionanoelectronics in a coherent manner. It deals with nanodevices applied to biostructures, molecular motors, molecular pumps, molecular nanoactuators and electronic biodevices, including nanodevices for sensing and imaging biomolcules. The book describes bionanoelectronics, detection of biomolecules and targets various biological applications such as detection and sequencing of DNA and early detection of various deseases and nanomedicine. Further important topics of the book are biomimetics and bioinspired electronics.The book also deals with biomolecules as building blocks of nanodevices for nanoelectronics or future computing architecture The application of scanning probe techniques to biological samples is described."

"This book is the closing report of the national priority program Nature-Inspired Fluid Mechanics (Schwerpunktprogramm SPP 1207: Strömungsbeeinflussung in der Natur und Technik). Nature-inspired fluid mechanics is one subset of biomimetics, a discipline which has received increased attention over the last decade, with numerous faculties and degree courses devoted solely to exploring ânature as a modelâ for engineering applications. To save locomotion energy, evolution has optimized the design of animals such that friction loss is minimized. In addition to many morphological adaptations, animals that are often exposed to water or air currents have developed special behaviors that allow them to use the energy contained in air or water fluctuations for energy savings. Such flow manipulation and control is not only important for many animals, but also for many engineering applications. Since living beings have been optimized by several million years of evolution it is very likely that many engineering disciplines can profit from the study of systems found in nature. "

"Proyeksi jumlah penduduk dalam beberapa waktu kedepan akan terus meningkat. Di sisi lain, elemen karbon yang tersedia pun dalam kondisi yang terbatas, sedangkan kebutuhannya dalam aspek material bangunan selalu ada. Dua hal tersebut memiliki dampak terhadap bidang arsitektur, seperti pertambahan jumlah penduduk yang mempengaruhi kebutuhan ruang dan peningkatan permintaan material. Dari dua permasalahan yang ada, titik fokusnya adalah material beton yang masih diminati memiliki kontribusi dalam emisi karbon. Dengan pendekatan biomimicry, permasalahan tersebut dapat diatasi. Tujuan skripsi ini adalah menjelaskan peran biomimicry untuk menghasilkan beton yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis komparatif antara beton konvensional dan beton biomimicry. Hal yang di bandingkan dari dua kelompok beton tersebut adalah adalah nilai embodied carbon (kg CO2e / m3). Dengan melihat komposisi beton biomimicry, maka nilai embodied carbon akan merepresentasikan pengaruh biomimicry pada beton. Dari hasil yang didapat, ditemukan jenis beton biomimicry yang memiliki nilai embodied carbon lebih rendah dari beton konvensional (388 kg CO2e / m3) seperti self-healing concrete (379 kg CO2e / m3). Namun, ditemukan pula beton biomimicry yang memiliki nilai embodied carbon yang lebih tinggi dari beton konvensional seperti beton dengan serat wortel (770 kg CO2e / m3). Kesimpulannya adalah beton biomimicry dapat dijadikan alternatif dari beton konvensional karena lebih ramah lingkungan yang dindikasikan oleh nilai embodied carbon yang rendah.

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The predicted population will grow rapidly. On the other hand, the accessible carbon elements are in finite supply, although the need for construction materials is constant. Population expansion, for example, has an impact on space needs and increases material consumption. The difficulties listed above must then be studied. Based on these issues, the emphasis is on concrete materials, whose increasing demand has contributed to increased carbon emissions. These issues can be solved using the biomimicry technique. The goal of this thesis is to illustrate how biomimicry may be used to create ecologically friendly concrete. The approach employed is a comparison of ordinary concrete with biomimicry concrete. The embodied carbon value (kg CO2e/m3) of the two should be compared. By examining biomimicry in tangible terms, the effect of biomimicry in concrete will then reflect the embodied carbon value. Therefore, the embodied carbon value of biomimicry concrete-self-healing concrete (379 kg CO2/m3) is lower than that of conventional concrete (388 kg CO2/m3). However, it is also based on biomimicry concrete, which has a larger embodied carbon value than ordinary concrete, such as carrot fiber concrete (770 kg CO2e/m3). To summarize, biomimicry concrete can be a viable alternative to traditional concrete since it is more ecologically friendly, as seen by the low embodied carbon value."