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"Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a double-stranded DNA virus and a member of the Herpesviridae family. Cytomegalo- virus infection is one of the important causes of mortality and morbidity in immunocompromised patients. This is a case report of 72 year-old immunocompromised male patient with worsening cough needing an intubation despite previous adequate antibiotic administration. Further examination showed positive CMV infection. The patient showed improvement after administration of ganciclovir."

"Cytomegalovirus (CMV) merupakan suatu virus DNA rantai ganda, yang termasuk dalam famili Herpesviridae. Infeksi CMV merupakan salah satu penyebab penting mortalitas dan morbiditas pada pasien-pasien imunokompromais. Tulisan ini melaporkan kasus seorang pasien pria imunokompromais berusia 72 tahun dengan batuk yang semakin memburuk hingga perlu dilakukan intubasi, meskipun sebelumnya telah diberikan terapi antibiotik yang adekuat. Pemeriksaan lebih lanjut menunjukkan adanya positif infeksi CMV. Pasien menunjukkan adanya perbaikan setelah pemberian ganciclovir."

"The updated second edition of Cutaneous manifestations of infection in the immunocompromised host is an invaluable reference for physicians and ancillary medical professionals involved in the care of patients with impaired immune systems due to cancer, chemotherapy, systemic steroids and other immunosuppressive drugs, HIV/AIDS or organ transplantation. This volume will help you recognize skin lesions and diagnose their infectious cause. Textbook features include, over 350 color images demonstrating pathognomonic, atypical, rare and routine skin lesions. Tables for differential diagnosis of different skin lesions in the immunocompromised host. Complete coverage of infectious pathogens with the patterns of infection and the likely causes in different clinical settings (HIV/AIDS versus solid organ transplantation versus neutropenia post-chemotherapy versus bone marrow recovery post hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. New chapter discussing the role of viruses causing malignancies with cutaneous signs in the immunocompromised patient. "

"Latar Belakang: Ada sekitar 50 spesies Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) berpotensi patogen di manusia, yang menyebabkan infeksi tersering di paru. Pemeriksaan mikrobiologi berbasis molekuler diperlukan dalam mendiagnosis infeksi NTM paru. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan uji awal untuk deteksi mycobacteria dari spesimen klinis secara langsung dengan metode molekuler yaitu real-time PCR dan sekuensing DNA untuk identifikasi spesies mycobacteria serta mengaplikasikan pada kit PaxView® TB/NTM MPCR-ULFA. Tujuan: Melakukan optimasi berbasis molekuler untuk deteksi dan identifikasi Mycobacteria secara langsung pada sputum pasien terduga infeksi NTM paru. Metode: Studi dekskriptif dan eksperimental laboratorium dengan melakukan optimasi suhu penempelan, reaksi silang, ambang batas deteksi DNA, dan penerapan real-time PCR berbasis SYBR Green yang telahdioptimasi dan PaxView® TB/NTM MPCR-ULFA pada hasil sputum pasien terduga infeksi NTM paru. Hasil: Dua hasil positif dari 30 sampel sputum pada real-time PCR mycobacterium dan hasil sekuensing adalah Mycobacterium tuberculosis, menunjukkan adanya discordant hasil dengan real-time PCR MTB. Pada kit PaxView® TB/NTM MPCR-ULFA didapatkan 16 hasil positif MTB dan tidak ditemukan NTM. Kesimpulan: Terdapat discordance pada dua sampel hasil penerapan uji awal real-time PCR mycobacterium dengan sekuensing DNA, yang diduga NTM tetapi hasilnya M. tuberculosis. Perlunya dilakukan evaluasi lebih lanjut real-time PCR berbasis SYBR Green.

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Background: There are approximately fifty species of Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are potentially pathogenic in humans, the infection is most common in the lungs. Molecular-based microbiological examination is needed in diagnosing pulmonary NTM infection. Therefore, it is necessary to preliminary test the detection of mycobacteria from clinical specimens directly by molecular methods, namely real-time PCR and DNA sequencing to identify mycobacteria species and apply to the Pax-ULFA PaxView® TB/NTM kit. Aims: To perform Molecular-based optimization for the detection and identification of mycobacteria directly in sputum patient suspected of pulmonary NTM infection. Method: A descriptive and experimental laboratory study, to optimize the annealing temperature, determination of minimal detection of DNA, cross reaction of optimized real-time PCR based on SYBR- Green and applied sputum from patients suspected of NTM pulmonary infection to real-time PCR and PaxView® TB/NTM MPCR-ULFA. Results: Two positive results from 30 sputum samples on real-time PCR mycobacterium and sequencing results were MTB, the results discordant with real-time PCR MTB. In the PaxView® TB/NTM MPCR-ULFA, 16 positive MTB results were obatined and no NTM was found. Conclusion: There was discordance in two sample of real-time PCR mycobacterium spp. with DNA sequencing, which is thought to be NTM but the result is M. tuberculosis. The need for further evaluation of real-time PCR based Mikrobiologi Klinik on SYBR Green."

"Infeksi parasit pada intestin merupakan masalah yang masih cukup sering ditemukan pada masyarakat Indonesia. Iklim yang tropis, sanitasi yang masih buruk, kebiasaan mencuci tangan yang masih kurang, serta kesadaran akan pentingnya mencegah penularan cacing yang masih belum merata menjadi faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi dalam tingginya angka infeksi parasit pada manusia. Pekerja kebun, sebagai salah satu subjek yang rentan akan infeksi Soil Transmitted Helminthes. Paparan terhadap tanah serta tidak dipakainya alat pelindung diri dapat menyebabkan mudahnya para pekerja keun untuk tertular cacing melalui penetrasi pada kulit. Pemilihan riset pada pekerja kebun di pacet, Cianjur dilandasi alasan bahwa lokasi Pacet, Cianjur merupakan area dimana sosio-ekonomik masyarakat masih rendah, sehingga berhubungan dengan sanitasi yang juga masih buruk di daerah tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam riset ini adalah metode Cross Sectional, di mana terdapat 43 subjek menggunakan total sampling. Dalam riset ini, subjek diminta untuk mengumpulkan feses sendiri yang pada akhirnya akan diperiksa dengan metode wet mount menggunakan lugol 1%. Setelah dilakukan pemeriksaan feses, pekerja kebun yang mendapatkan hasil positif menerima pengobatan. Data yang diperoleh lalu di proses menggunakan SPSS Program ver. 11.5 dan dianalisa dengan menggunakan metode Fisher Exact. Hasil pada pemeriksan ini menunujukan adanya 11 pekerja kebun yang positif terinfeksi parasit intestin, dengan rincian infeksi 25.5 %. dengan Blastocyst hominis (18.6 %), Entamoeba coli ( 2.3%), dan Trichuris trichiura (2.3 %). Lalu teradpat pula infeksi campuran dari B.hominis and E.coli (2.3%). Dari hasil yang diperoleh, dapat disimpulkan bahwa prevalensi infeksi parasit intestin pada para pekerja kebun di Pacet, Cianjur tergolong rendah. Ini disebabkan adanya monitor dari pihak perkebunan yang memastikan para pekerja untuk selalu memakai alat pelindung diri berupa sarung tangan dan sepatu boot. Selain itu, setiap 5 pekerja diawasi dengan 1 orang supervisi yang memungkinkan adanya pengawasan yang ketat terhadap pemakaian alat pelindung diri. Berikutnya, para pekerja juga diharuskan untuk mencuci tangan setiap selesai bekerja menggunakan sumber air yang bersih yang telah disediakan perusahaan. Namun, walaupun prevalensi sangat rendah, para pekerja disarankan untuk tetap mempertahankan kebiasaan yakni mencuci tangan setelah berkerja dan sebelum makan, memakai alat pelindung diri, serta defekasi pada tempat yang tepat. Selain itu edukasi terus menerus tetap harus diberikan pada para pekerja dan keluarga sehingga dapat terbentuknya kesadaran tinggi terhadap bahaya infeksi parasit intestin.

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Intestinal parasitic infection is still considered prevalent among society in Indonesia. Tropical climate, poor sanitation, lack of awareness of the use of hand washing hand, as well as lack of education about intestinal parasitic infection are contributing factors to the high number of infection. Plantation workers as the subjects of the research are those who are prone to infection, especially soil-transmitted helminthes. Frequent exposure to soil and also lack of knowledge of self-protection devices made them vulnerable to infection. The location of the research was in Pacet, Cianjur. This place is chosen due to the fact that the low socio-economic status among the society, and poor sanitation were still common in this area. The method of this research is using Cross Sectional study, in which 43 subjects were assessed using total sampling. In order to do this research, subjects were asked to gave their feces to be examined. After feces collection, the feces were observed under microscope using the wet mount staining method. Then, based on the data obtained, data was processed using SPSS program ver. 11.5 and analyzed using Fisher Exact.

This examination showed that 11 of planation workers were infected with intestinal parasitic infection with the percentage of 25.5 %. The most frequent type of infection is Protozoan infection consisting of Blastocyst hominis (18.6 %), Entamoeba coli( 2.3%), and Trichuris trichiura (2.3 %). There is also mixed infection of B.hominis and E.coli (2.3%). From the data stated before, it is concluded that the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among plantation wokers in Pacet, Cianjur is low. This is due to the fact that each of five workers were monitored by one supervisor. This was intended to make sure that all workers wear self-protection, such as gloves and boots. Moreover, all the workers were also required to wash their hands every time they finish their work with clean water sources provided by the company. However, even though the prevalence was low, all the workers are suggested to keep implementing the healthy habit by always wash their hand after working and before eating, wearing self-protection devices during work, as well as defecating in proper place. Furthermore, continuous education should always be given to all workers and family to keep up their awareness toward intestinal parasitic infection."

"Siswa di sekolah tergolong dalam kelompok rentan tertular infeksi Covid-19 dari sekelilingnya. Pengetahuan dan perilaku dari siswa menjadi tolak ukur dalam mencegah penularan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan pengetahuan dan perilaku memutus rantai infeksi Covid-19. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 291 siswa SMPN 1 Cisaat Kab. Sukabumi dengan teknik pengambilan sampel Simple Random Sampling melalui dalam jaringan.. Hasil analisis didapati bahwa tingkat pengetahuan siswa tentang Covid-19 termasuk dalam kategori baik (83,2%). Perilaku siswa berada pada kategori baik (67,7%). Ada hubungan bermakna antara pengetahuan dengan perilaku siswa tentang Covid-19 (p=0,002, α=0,05). Perlu digalakkan promosi kesehan mengenai kontrol agen infeksius untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa mengenai Covid-19.

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Students in the school are classified as vulnerable to contracting Covid-19 infection around them. The knowledge and behavior of students become a benchmark in preventing transmission. This study aims to identify knowledge and behavior relationships to break the chain of Covid-19 infection. This research used descriptive cross-sectional methods. The sample of this study was 291 students SMPN 1 Cisaat Kab. Sukabumi using the Simple Random Sampling technique via online. The analysis found that students' knowledge level about Covid-19 falls into the good category (83.2%). Student behavior was in a good category (67.7%). There is a meaningful relationship between knowledge and student behavior about Covid-19 (p=0,002, α=0,05). It is necessary to encourage the campaign of health concerning the control of infectious agents to increase students' knowledge about Covid-19."

"Latar Belakang: Chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI) merupakan bentuk paling parah dari peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Sebanyak 25% pasien CLTI memiliki risiko amputasi tungkai mayor dan 25% lainnya akan meninggal karena penyakit kardiovaskular dalam 1 tahun. Risiko amputasi ini dapat diprediksi menggunakan sistem skoring Wound, Ischemia, and foot Infection (WIfI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan profil amputasi menggunakan skor Wound, Ischemia, foot Infection pada subjek chronic limb threatening ischemia di Rumah Sakit dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM).Metode: Pengambilan data retrospektif dari data registrasi divisi bedah vaskular dan rekam medis pada subjek dengan CLTI di RSCM berupa profil subjek, skor WIfI, dan status amputasi mayor dalam 1 tahun pasca diagnosis CLTI ditegakkan. Data selanjutnya dimasukkan ke program SPSS, dan dilakukan analisa data. Hasil analisa lalu dipaparkan dalam bentuk narasi dan tabel.Hasil: Pada penelitian ini usia rerata subjek adalah 58,1 ± 12,9 tahun dengan predominasi jenis kelamin laki-laki (58,3%). Komorbid pada subjek dari yang tersering adalah diabetes (82,1%), hipertensi (67,9%), gagal ginjal kronis (51,3%), dan penyakit jantung (33%). Derajat skor WIfI dengan derajat sangat rendah, rendah, sedang, dan tinggi secara berurutan adalah 6,4%, 9,6%, 35,9%, dan 48,1%. Angka amputasi mayor yang sesungguhnya pada subjek CLTI di RSCM untuk skor WIfI derajat sangat rendah, rendah, sedang, dan tinggi adalah 5%, 7%, 35%, dan 70%, sedangkan pada kepustakaan adalah 3%, 8%, 25%, dan 50%.

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Background: Chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI) is the most severe form of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). As many as 25% of CLTI patients have a risk of major limb amputations and 25% will die due to cardiovascular event within 1 year. The risk of this major amputation can be predicted using the Wound, Ischemia, and foot Infection (WIfI) scoring system. This study aims to compare the amputation profile using Wound, Ischemia, foot Infection scores in chronic limb threatening ischemia patients at the RSCM.

Methods: Retrospective data collection from registry in vascular surgery division and medical records for patients with CLTI in RSCM were take, that is a patient profile, the comorbid disease, WIfI score, and the patient's major amputation status within 1 year after diagnosis of CLTI was established. The data then inputed to the SPSS program, and data analysis is performed. The results of the analysis are then presented in the form of narratives and tables.

Result: The mean age of the subjects in this study was 58,1 ± 12,9 years with male as gender predominance (58,3%). The comorbids in the subjects were diabetes (82,1%), hypertension (67,9%), chronic kidney failure (51,3%), heart disease (33%). The WIfI scores with very low, low, medium, and high degrees are 6,4%, 9,6%, 35,9%, and 48,1% respectively. The major amputation rates in for WIfI scores with very low, low, medium, and high degrees are 5%, 7%, 35%, and 70%, while in the literature are 3%, 8%, 25%, and 50%."

"Infeksi cacing usus Soil-Transmitted Helminthes (STH), yaitu Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, dan cacing tambang, memiliki prevalensi yang tinggi di Jakarta, terutama pada anak-anak. Penyebaran infeksi cacing usus STH melalui tanah terkontaminasi telur cacing sehingga gaya hidup anak berperan penting dalam terjadinya infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan infeksi cacing usus STH pekerjaan ayah dan ibu pada siswa SDN 09 Pagi Paseban. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Data diambil pada tanggal 8-9 Desember 2010 dengan mengumpulkan 93 feses siswa dan kuesioner yang diisi oleh orang tua.Hasilnya yaitu terdapat 11 siswa (11,8%) terinfeksi cacing usus STH sedangkan 82 lainnya (88,2%) tidak terinfeksi, dengan jumlah infeksi Ascaris terbanyak yaitu 8 siswa (8,6%). Karakteristik pekerjaan ayah terbanyak adalah karyawan (58,1%), sedangkan kebanyakan ibu tidak bekerja (67,7%). Pada uji Chi-square, tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara infeksi cacing usus STH dengan jenis kelamin (p=0,439), tetapi terdapat perbedaan bermakna dengan kelas (p=0,015). Sementara, pada uji Fisher, tidak terdapat perbedaan makna antara infeksi cacing usus STH dengan pekerjaan baik ayah (p=1) maupun ibu (p=0,682). Sebagai kesimpulan, pekerjaan ayah maupun ibu tidak berhubungan dengan infeksi cacing usus STH pada siswa SDN 09 Pagi Paseban tahun 2010.

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Soil-Transmitted Helminthes (STH) infection including Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura,, and hookworm, has a high prevalence in Jakarta, primarily in children. This infection spreads through egg-contaminated soil, therefore the children's lifestyle has a great influence to the occurrence of infection. Father's and mother's occupation are factors that related with children's lifestyle. The intention of this study is to find the relation between STH infection and father's and mother?s occupation of students of SDN 09 Pagi Paseban. This study uses cross-sectional design. In December 8th - 9th 2010, 93 students feces and questionnaires filled by parents were collected.

We found that there are 11 students (11,8%) infected with Ascaris infection as the highest prevalence (8,6%). The other 82 students (88,2%) are not infected. Most fathers work as employee (58,1%) while most mothers do not work (67,7%). In Chi-square test, there are no association between STH infection and gender (p=0,439), but STH infection is associated with class (p=0,015). Meanwhile, in Fisher test, STH infection is associated with neither father's occupation (p=1) nor mother's occupation (p=0,682). As conclusion, father's and mother's occupation are not related with STH infection in students of SDN 09 Pagi Paseban."