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"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini membandingkan dampak alokasi anggaran antara daerah yang telah melaksanakan pemilihan kepala daerah secara langsung dengan tidak langsung dan dampaknya terhadap pendapatan per kapita daerah. Alokasi anggaran menggunakan total belanja, belanja langsung dan belanja tidak langsung. Menggunakan data kabupaten dan kota di Indonesia pada kurun waktu 2005-2010. Secara empiris hasil estimasi dengan menggunakan Pooled Least Square secara umum tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan alokasi anggaran terhadap pendapatan per kapita daerah antara rezim dengan pilkada langsung versus tidak langsung di Indonesia. Namun terjadi perbedaan signifikan dalam hal total belanja di Pulau Sumatera dan belanja langsung serta belanja tidak langsung di Pulau Jawa dan Bali antara rezim pilkada langsung versus tidak langsung dengan kecenderungan bahwa dampak alokasi anggaran terhadap pendapatan per kapita pada rezim pilkada langsung lebih rendah bila dibandingkan rezim pemilihan tidak langsung.

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ABSTRACT This study compares the impact of budgetary allocations between regions that have directly and indirectly elected regional heads and their impact on local per capita incomes. Budget allocation uses total expenditure, direct expenditure and indirect expenditure. Using district and city data in Indonesia during the period 2005 2010. Empirically the estimates using Pooled Least Square generally do not show a significant difference in budget allocation to per capita income between regimes and direct and indirect local elections in Indonesia. However, there were significant differences in total spending on Sumatra Island and direct expenditure and indirect spending on Java and Bali between direct and indirect election regimes with the tendency that the impact of budget allocations on per capita revenues on direct election regimes is lower than election regimes indirect. "

"Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis struktur informasi kinerja dan alokasi belanja tahun 2016 di Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis kualitatif dengan logic model dan alokasi efisiensi. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa outcome pada level Kementerian dan Eselon 1 perlu dilakukan penyesuaian. Outcome belum menggambarkan capaian kinerja secara jelas, dan kurang relevan terhadap tujuan Kementerian. Pengalokasian belanja tahun 2016 belum sepenuhnya optimal jika dihubungkan dengan alokasi efisiensi. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan dengan minimnya alokasi untuk sektor prioritas, peningkatan nilai belanja input tidak diikuti dengan kuantitas kebijakan output yang dihasilkan, belum adanya realokasi belanja, dan pengalokasiannya masih mengacu kepada anggaran tahun sebelumnya.

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The purpose of this research is to analyze the performance information structure and budget allocation of Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs in 2016. This research uses qualitative analysis with logic model and efficient allocation. Outcome in ministerial and echelon 1 level need to adjust. Existing outcome does not clearly describe achievement condition and irrelevant to the ministry's objectives. Budget allocation in 2016 is not yet optimum. This problem is caused by less allocation on priority sectors, increasing input is not followed by increasing output, no budget reallocation in successful priority program, and budget allocation still refers to the previous budget."

"Daerah (APBD) Provinsi DKI Jakarta : Analisis Output-Input. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kenyataan bahwa alokasi belanja Anggaran pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD) Provinsi DKI Jakarta belum sepenuhnya dialokasikan ke sektor-sektor unggulan daerah, sehingga diperlukan penajaman alokasi belanja anggaran. Pengalokasian belanja APBD yang tepat sasaran diharapkan mampu memacu pertumbuhan ekonomi, penyerapan tenaga kerja dan peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis Input-Output (I-O) yang diawali dengan identifikasi sektor-sektor unggulan daerah. Selanjutnya dilakukan identifikasi dan analisis angka pengganda, dampak belanja APBD Provinsi DKI Jakarta tahun 2006 - 2010, dampak APBD simulasi dan perbandingan dampak belanja APBD Provinsi DKI Jakarta tahun 2006 - 2010 dengan dampak APBD simulasi. Berdasarkan tabel input output provinsi DKI Jakarta tahun 2006 dengan menggunakan klasifikasi 9 sektor, yang menjadi sektor-sektor unggulan daerah Provinsi DKI Jakarta adalah sektor industri pengolahan dan sektor keuangan, real estate dan jasa perusahaan. Dari analisis angka pengganda output, angka pengganda pendapatan dan angka pengganda kesempatan kerja kedua sektor tersebut juga memiliki nilai di atas ratarata, sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa kedua sektor tersebut merupakan sektor pemicu pertumbuhan, pemacu pendapatan sekaligus penyerap tenaga kerja. Dengan melakukan perbandingan analisis dampak belanja APBD Provinsi DKI Jakarta tahun 2006 - 2010 dan analisis dampak APBD simulasi diperoleh hasil bahwa efek penajaman alokasi belanja APBD dengan cara memberi tambahan alokasi belanja ke sektor - sektor unggulan daerah maka diperoleh hasil bahwa terjadi penambahan output perekonomian dan penambahan kesempatan kerja.

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The research is motivated by the fact that the budget allocations of income and Expenditure (Budget) Jakarta is not fully allocated to the leading sectors in the regions, so that budgetary allocations needed sharpening. The allocation of budget expenditures are on target is expected to spur economic growth, employment and increasing incomes.

The method of analysis used in this study is the analysis of the Input-Output (IO), which begins with the identification of leading sectors in the regions. Further identification and analysis of the multiplier, the impact of spending budget of Jakarta in 2006 - 2010, the impact of budget simulations and comparison of the impact of spending budget of Jakarta in 2006 - 2010 with a budget impact simulation.

Based on the input output table province of Jakarta in 2006 using classification 9 sectors, the leading sectors Jakarta area is the manufacturing and the financial sector, real estate and business services. From the analysis of the output multiplier, income multiplier and employment multiplier of these sectors also have a score above the average, so it can be said that the two sectors are triggering the growth of the sector, as well as revenue boosters absorbing labor.

By doing a comparative analysis of the impact of spending budget of Jakarta in 2006 - 2010 and the budget impact analysis simulation result that the effect of sharpening the budget allocations by giving additional allocations to the leading sectors in the regions of the obtained results that the addition of output in the economy and increase opportunities employment."

"Pemerintah Indonesia dewasa ini menunjukan fokus pembangunan pada infrastruktur dengan gencarnya proyek pembangunan infrastruktur dan berbagai langkah kebijakan terkait yang diambil. Berbagai studi empiris telah menjelaskan peranan penting infrastruktur terhadap pembangunan perekonomian. Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat PUPR merupakan salah satu kementerian/lembaga K/L yang bertanggung jawab dalam penyediaan infrastruktur dan mendapatkan porsi alokasi belanja infrastruktur terbesar dalam APBN. Studi ini mencoba untuk melihat seperti apa peranan infrastruktur dalam lingkup Kementerian PUPR serta dampak yang timbul dari alokasi anggaran infrastruktur Kementerian PUPR dari APBN terhadap perekonomian nasional. Studi ini menggunakan metode analisis input-output IO dengan menggunakan data Tabel IO Konstruksi Kementerian PUPR tahun 2015. Hasil analisis menunjukan infrastruktur dalam lingkup Kementerian PUPR memiliki keterkaitan dengan sektor hulu yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan sektor hilirnya. Selain itu, infrastruktur Kementerian PUPR memiliki potensi dampak ekonomi yang besar, baik terhadap penciptaan output, nilai tambah bruto NTB, pendapatan masyarakat maupun penyerapan tenaga kerja. Alokasi anggaran infrastruktur Kementerian PUPR dapat diprioritaskan di Ditjen Perumahan untuk memaksimalkan peningkatan output dan pendapatan masyarakat, di Ditjen Bina Marga untuk memaksimalkan NTB, atau di Ditjen Cipta Karya untuk memaksimalkan peningkatan tenaga kerja.

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Nowadays, Indonesian government shows the focus of development on infrastructure with massive infrastructure development projects and various related policy actions that taken. Empirical studies have explained the important role of infrastructure for economic development. Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing PUPR is one of the ministries agencies responsible for the provision of infrastructure with the largest portion of infrastructure spending allocations from the state budget. This study tries to see the roles of infrastructure within the scope of the PUPR ministry as well as the impact of infrastructure budget allocation of PUPR ministry from state budget on the national economy.

This study uses input output analysis method with PUPR Ministry 39s Construction input output table data of 2015. The analysis shows that infrastructure under PUPR ministries has a higher linkage with upstream sector than the downstream sector. In addition, infrastructure under PUPR ministry has a large economic impact potential, whether the creation of output, gross value added GVA, society income, or employment. Infrastructure budget allocation of PUPR ministry can be prioritized at Directorate General of Housing to maximize the increase of output and income, at Directorate General of Highways to maximize the increase of GVA, or at Directorate General of Human Settlements to maximize the increase of employment."

"The purposes of the research are : (i) to describe the type of the noun Phrase (NP) functioning as the complement in the english clause ; (ii) to describe the structure of the continuents of the noun phrase functioning as the complement in the english clause; (iii) to describe the constituents that may be reduced, inserted, substituted, or transformed....."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara dua defisit berdasarkan empat kemungkinan bentuk hubungan antara defisit anggaran dan defisit transaksi berjalan, yaitu.: 1) defisit anggaran menyebabkan defisit transaksi berjalan; 2) defisit transaksi berjalan menyebabkan defisit dan 3) adanya hubungan timbal balik di antara keduanya, atau 4) tidak ada hubungan sebab akibat di antara keduanya. Penelitian ini menerapkan model Vector Autoregression dan menggunakan tes kausalitas Granger untuk menemukan hubungan antara tiga variabel, yaitu: neraca anggaran pemerintah, neraca transaksi berjalan dan nilai tukar rupiah terhadap dollar AS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pergerakan kausalitas dari anggaran pemerintah menuju transaksi berjalan, dengan nilai tukar sebagai mekanisme transmisi di antara kedua defisit tersebut.

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This study aims to investigate the relationship pattern between the two deficits, considering there are at least four possible forms of relationship between budget deficit and the current account deficit, i.e.: 1) The budget deficit causes the current account deficit; 2) The current account deficit causes the budget deficit and 3) There is a reciprocal relationship between them, or 4) They do not have a causal relationship. This study applies the VAR model and using Granger Causality test to find the relationship between three variables: the government budget balance, the current account balance and the real exchange rate. The results show that the causality direction goes from balanced budget to current account, and the transmission mechanism between the two deficits is the exchange rate."

"Expending in regional budget has important role in excuting regional government activiries. Effectiviness of expending in regional budget its direct influence to effectiveness of public service delivery, and in its turn will determine the success of regional development..... "

"[Skripsi ini membahas efektivitas pemantauan dan evaluasi pelaksanaan anggaran pembangunan yang dilakukan Kementerian PPN Bappenas dan Kementerian Keuangan terhadap kinerja K.L. sebagai upaya meningkatkan kualitas perencanaan dan penganggaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep sistem pemantauan dan evaluasi berkelanjutan yang dikemukakan Kusek Rist 2004. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara Post Positivis dengan desain deskriptif Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemantauan dan evaluasi yang dilakukan kedua lembaga tersebut belum berjalan seperti yang diharapkan yang dipengaruhi oleh kriteria kriteria berikut kurangnya koordinasi antar K.L. evaluator hasil pemantauan dan evaluasi yang tidak mendukung prinsip penganggaran berbasis kinerja hasil pemantauan dan evaluasi yang tidak ditindaklanjuti sistem yang sering bermasalah terbatasnya kualitas dan kuantitas SDM serta tidak adanya pemberian insentif.

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This thesis discussed about the effectiveness of monitoring and evaluation of budget implementation by the Ministry of National Development Planning and Ministry of Finance as an effort to improve the quality of planning and budgeting. This thesis uses the concept of sustainable monitoring and evaluation system by Kusek Rist 2004 Research is done in Post Positivist with a descriptive design. The results showed that monitoring and evaluation of both institutions has not gone as expected which is affected by the following criteria a lack of coordination between evaluator the results which does not support performance based budgeting the results which were not followed up the system which do not support the limited quality and quantity of human resources and the lack of incentives.; This thesis discussed about the effectiveness of monitoring and evaluation of budget implementation by the Ministry of National Development Planning and Ministry of Finance as an effort to improve the quality of planning and budgeting This thesis uses the concept of sustainable monitoring and evaluation system by Kusek Rist 2004 Research is done in Post Positivist with a descriptive design The results showed that monitoring and evaluation of both institutions has not gone as expected which is affected by the following criteria a lack of coordination between evaluator the results which does not support performance based budgeting the results which were not followed up the system which do not support the limited quality and quantity of human resources and the lack of incentives , This thesis discussed about the effectiveness of monitoring and evaluation of budget implementation by the Ministry of National Development Planning and Ministry of Finance as an effort to improve the quality of planning and budgeting This thesis uses the concept of sustainable monitoring and evaluation system by Kusek Rist 2004 Research is done in Post Positivist with a descriptive design The results showed that monitoring and evaluation of both institutions has not gone as expected which is affected by the following criteria a lack of coordination between evaluator the results which does not support performance based budgeting the results which were not followed up the system which do not support the limited quality and quantity of human resources and the lack of incentives ]"

"Penelitian di berbagai negara telah menemukan adanya determinan politik dibalik penentuan dana alokasi antar pemerintah. Tujuan ini seringkali berlawanan dari tujuan normatif yang semestinya menjadi prioritas utama dari pemerintah pusat. Mekanisme institusi politik di Indonesia menimbulkan insentif terhadap permainan politik dibalik penentuan alokasi dana antar pemerintah, khususnya untuk proyek ? proyek yang menghasilkan aset tetap. Untuk membuktikan keberadaan faktor ? faktor politik tersebut, digunakan beberapa model yang berusaha menunjukkan determinan politik pada Dana Alokasi Umum, Dana Dekonsentrasi dan Tugas Pembantuan.

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Several research across countries has empirically found that there are political factors that influences the flow of intergovernmental transfers These factors are often in contest with the normative goals of such transfers that is supposed to be the main priority of governments In the case of Indonesia the existing political institutions creates an incentive for competition among political parties to fix the outcomes of transfers especially those leading to the creation of fixed assets In order to prove the existence of these political factors this research will develop empirical models of Dana Alokasi Umum Dana Dekonsentrasi and Dana Tugas Pembantuan that is imbued with political variables."

"Krisis 2020 yang disebabkan oleh wabah penyakit berdampak pada kesehatan dan perekonomian secara global termasuk Indonesia. APBN sebagai penopang utama dalam memulihkan perekonomian. Kebijakan refocusing dan realokasi anggaran sebagai respon cepat Pemerintah, sehingga semua Kementerian/Lembaga harus melakukan penyesuaian kembali atas program dan anggaran tahun 2020. Perubahan pada besarnya anggaran berpengaruh pada target kinerja organisasi melalui kebijakan yang ditetapkan pimpinan pada penyusunan perencanaan dan penganggaran dengan unsur manusia sebagai pelaksana yang memiliki motivasi yang berbeda dalam menyelesaikan tugas pekerjaannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan eksploratif dengan metode studi kasus yang terjadi pada LIPI. Data diperoleh melalui studi dokumentasi dan wawancara mendalam dengan pihak yang kompeten di bidangnya. Faktor pendukung meningkatnya kinerja adalah pengalihan fokus kegiatan penelitian untuk penanganan covid19, penerapan budaya kerja digital, penerapan standar biaya internal, pola kerja work from anywhere >mendorong pegawai lebih produktif meskipun masih ada keterbatasan dalam pelaksanaannya. Pencapaian kinerja tidak terlepas dari motivasi pegawai baik dari dalam maupun dari luar dalam bentuk kebijakan pimpinan sebagai agen perubahan, penentu arah, maupun juru bicara untuk meningkatkan kualitas pegawai. Penyusunan perencanaan dan penganggaran sebagai kebijakan awal harus dilakukan dengan kerja sama antara pimpinan sebagai pengambil kebijakan dan pegawai sebagai pelaksana sehingga sesuai dengan tuntutan dan kebutuhan organisasi.

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The 2020 crisis was caused by a disease outbreak that had an impact on global health and economy, including Indonesia. The state budget is the main pillar of the economy. refocusing and reallocating the budget as a quick response from the Government, so that all Ministries/Agencies must readjust their 2020 programs and budgets. Changes in the amount of the budget affect organizational performance targets through policies set out in planning and budgeting policies with the main element of humans as executors who have different motivations in completing work. This study uses an exploratory approach with a case study method that occurred at LIPI. Data were obtained through documentation studies and in-depth interviews with competent parties in their fields. Supporting factors for this achievement are the focus of Covid-19 research activities, the application of a digital work culture, the application of internal cost standards, and work patterns from anywhere that encourage employees to be more productive even though they still have limitations in practice. Performance can not be separated from employee motivation both from within and from outside in the form of leadership policies as agents of change, direction setters, and spokespersons to improve the quality of employees. Preparation of planning and budgeting as initial policy must be carried out in collaboration between leaders as policy makers and employees as executors to suit the demands and needs of the organization."