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"Artikel ini membahas mengenai hal ndash; hal yang berpengaruh dalam upaya mobilitas sosial pada kelompok imigran internasional asal Cina di Indonesia. Teori migrasi menyebutkan bahwa perpindahan penduduk terjadi dari negara maju ke negara berkembang. Tapi, berbeda dengan penelitian sebelumnya, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa imigran internasional di Indonesia berpindah dari negara maju ke negara berkembang. Dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan teknik purposive sampling terhadap lima puluh orang imigran internasional asal Cina penelitian ini menguji dua variabel yang dianggap berpengaruh, yaitu tingkat pendidikan dan identitas etnis. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang negatif antara tingkat pendidikan dan identitas etnis terhadap mobilitas sosial. Tetapi, hasil penelitian menggiring pada temuan baru yang menjadi kunci mobilitas sosial imigran internasional, yaitu relasi, peluang sektor informal, dan etos kerja.

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This article discusses about correlating factors on social mobility of Chinese Mainland Immigrants in Indonesia. migration theory states that the movement happened form developing to developed countries. But, in contrast to previous studies, this study found that international migrants in Indonesia moved form developed to developing countries. With the quantitative approach and purposive sampling techniques to fifty international immigrants of Chinese mainland this study tested the two variabels that are considered influential, level of education and ethnic identity. This study found that there is a negative relationship between level of education and ethnic identity on social mobility. However, research results leads to new findings are the key to social mobility of immigrants, namely chances of informal sector, economic relation, and work ethic."

"Data mengenai mobilitas antargenerasi di Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa peluang individu untuk melakukan perubahan status dan sosial di Indonesia masih beragam. Studi mengenai mobilitas sosial banyak membahas mengenai faktor pendidikan dan kondisi kesehatan individu. Peneliti mencoba memperkaya studi sebelumnya dengan berfokus pada faktor lain dalam melakukan mobilitas sosial antargenerasi seperti kelas orang tua, tingkat literasi digital dan tingkat modal karier. Peelitian ini menggunakan jenis kelamin sebagai variabel kontrol. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan teknik survei pada 161 individu berusia 35-44 tahun di Kelurahan Cinere, Kota Depok. Wawancara mendalam dan observasi dilakukan untuk mendapatkan data tambahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan peluang mobilitas sosial pada responden laki-laki dan perempuan. Selain itu, semakin rendah kelas yang dimiliki orang tua maka semakin rendah peluang mobilitas yang dimiliki. Sedangkan semakin tinggi tingkat literasi digital yang dimiliki, semakin tinggi pula peluang mobilitas sosial antargenerasinya. Dalam penelitian ini, tingkat modal karier tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan pada peluang mobilitas sosial antargenerasi. Variabel yang digunakan menjelaskan peluang mobilitas sosial antargenerasi pada responden laki-laki namun tidak signifikan pada responden perempuan.

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Data on intergenerational mobility in Indonesia shows that the opportunities for individuals to make changes to their status and social status in Indonesia are still diverse. The study of social mobility about discussing factors such as education and health conditions of individuals. Researchers try to enrich previous studies by questioning other factors in intergenerational social mobility such as parent class, digital literacy level and career capital level. There are differences in opportunities for social mobility in women and men so that gender is a control variable in this study. The study was conducted using survey techniques in 161 people who participated 35-44 years in the Cinere, Depok City. In-depth interviews and observations were carried out to obtain additional data.

The results showed that there were no differences in the estimated social mobility of male and female respondents. In addition, the lower the class needed by parents, the lower the mobility opportunities they have. While the higher the level of digital literacy is needed, the higher the opportunity for intergenerational social mobility. In this study, the level of training capital is not significant on intergenerational social mobility opportunities. The variable used explains intergenerational social mobility opportunities in male respondents but is not significant in female respondents."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini berfokus pada proses mobilitas sosial vertikal intragenerasi penduduk migran di Kramat Jati, Jakarta Timur. Penelitian sebelumnya menyebutkan bahwa terdapat aspek-aspek yang menentukan dalam proses mobilitas sosial vertikal intra generasi yang dialami pendatang, yaitu pekerjaan, pendidikan, keahlian, modal sosial, dan kebijakan pemerintah. Selanjutnya, mobilitas sosial vertikal intra-generasi dialami oleh para pendatang. Peneliti berpendapat bahwa dalam proses mobilitas sosial intra generasi pendatang tidak hanya terdapat aspek-aspek tersebut, tetapi juga aspek tambahan yaitu teknologi dan modal material. Kedua aspek tersebut terjadi karena perkembangan zaman telah melahirkan berbagai jenis pekerjaan baru dan modal baru sehingga membuka lapangan kerja baru. Mobilitas sosial vertikal antargenerasi meningkat, tetap, atau menurun pada migran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses mobilitas sosial vertikal intra generasi yang dialami pendatang berbeda. Dalam proses ini terdapat aspek pendefinisian yaitu pekerjaan, pendidikan, keahlian, modal sosial, kebijakan pemerintah, teknologi, modal material, semangat dan ketekunan dalam bekerja, keberanian mengambil resiko, kreativitas, disiplin, serta kinerja, prestasi dan masa kerja. . Mobilitas sosial vertikal antargenerasi meningkat, tetap, dan jatuh pada para migran. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yaitu wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Informan utama dalam penelitian ini adalah pendatang, sedangkan informan pendukung adalah petugas lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kramat Jati.

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ABSTRACTThis research focuses on the vertical social mobility process of intrageneration of migrant populations in Kramat Jati, East Jakarta. Previous research states that there are defining aspects in the intra-generational vertical social mobility process experienced by migrants, namely employment, education, expertise, social capital, and government policies. Furthermore, intra-generational vertical social mobility is experienced by migrants. Researchers argue that in the process of intra-generation social mobility of migrants, there are not only these aspects, but also additional aspects, namely technology and material capital. These two aspects occur because the times have given birth to various types of new jobs and new capital, thus opening up new jobs. Vertical social mobility between generations increases, remains, or decreases in migrants. The results showed that the intra-generational vertical social mobility process experienced by newcomers was different. In this process, there are defining aspects, namely work, education, expertise, social capital, government policies, technology, material capital, enthusiasm and persistence in work, courage to take risks, creativity, discipline, as well as performance, achievement and tenure. . Vertical social mobility between generations increases, remains, and falls on the migrants. This study used a qualitative approach, namely in-depth interviews and observations. The main informants in this study were newcomers, while the supporting informants were environmental officers. This research was conducted in Kramat Jati."

"Latar belakang: Keterbatasan mobilitas pada kelompok lanjut usia  berkaitan dengan rendahnya kualitas hidup, menurunnya akses ke layanan kesehatan, meningkatknya mortalitas, morbiditas, dan beban pembiayaan kesehatan. Terdapat berbagai faktor yang mempengaruhi fungsi mobilitas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan fungsi mobilitas dan mendapatkan hubungan antara usia, jenis kelamin, status gizi, kadar vitamin D, sarkopenia dan penyakit penyerta dengan fungsi mobilitas pada pasien geriatri. Metode: penelitian cross-sectional ini dilakukan antara Desember 2022 sampai Januari 2023 di Poliklinik Geriatri RS Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta Indonesia. Pasien yang dapat berjalan mandiri dengan atau tanpa alat bantu diikutsertakan dalam penelitian. Fungsi mobilitas dinilai dengan Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test dan skor TUG dihubungkan dengan usia, jenis kelamin, status gizi, kadar vitamin D, sarkopenia, dan komorbid. Hasil: Dari hasil analisis multivariat didapatkan bahwa kelompok usia lebih dari 80  tahun memiliki risiko penurunan fungsi mobilitas 1,9 kali lebih tinggi dengan IK 95% 1,139-3,118. Lansia perempuan berisiko 1,4 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan lansia laki-laki dengan IK 95% 1.014-1.931 dan lansia dengan malnutrisi berisiko 1,8 kali dengan IK 95% 1.256-2.478. Ditemukannya sarkopenia pada pasien menjadi risiko terbesar untuk penurunan fungsi mobilitas yaitu berisiko 2 kali lebih tinggi dengan IK 95% 1,547-2,606. Sedangkan kadar vitamin D dan CCI tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap fungsi mobilitas. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara usia, jenis kelamin, sarkopenia, dan malnutrisi dengan fungsi mobilitas pada pasien geriatri.

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Background: Limited mobility in elderly is related to low quality of life, reduced access to medical services, increased mortality, morbidity, and health care financial burden. Many factors can influence mobility function. Therefore, this study aims to know the factors associated with mobility function and obtain the relationship between age, sex, nutritional status, vitamin D levels, sarcopenia, and comorbidities with impaired mobility function in geriatric patients.

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Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2022 to January 2023 in Geriatric Clinic of Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital in Jakarta Indonesia. All elderly patients visited the clinic who can walk with or without walking aids were included. We evaluated mobility function using Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), the TUG score was tested against age, sex, nutritional status, vitamin D levels, sarcopenia, and number of comorbidities to evaluate the association.

Result: We found, from multivariate analysis, that the age over 80 years had a risk of decreased mobility function 1.9 times higher with CI 95% 1.139-3.118. Elderly females have risk 1.4 times higher than elderly male with CI 95% 1.014-1.931 and elderly with malnutrition have a risk of 1.8 times with CI 95% 1.256-2.478. Sarcopenia is the greatest risk factor for decreased mobility function, 2 times higher with 95% CI 1,547-2,606. However, vitamin D level and CCI were not associated with mobility function.

Conclusions: There is a correlation between age, sex, sarcopenia, and malnutrition with functional mobility in geriatric patients. "

"Skripsi ini merupakan hasil penelitian kuantitatif dengan melakukan purposive sampling pada 109 responden yang merupakankaryawan, baik laki-laki atau perempuan di beberapa perusahaan yang prestisius. Karyawan-karyawan tersebut dipilih dengan kriteria yakni telah bekerja selama 1-5 tahun dan minimal pendidikan S1. Penelitian ini menggambarkan bagaimana pengaruh jaringan sosial terhadap mobilitas sosial individu. Dari hasil temuan, sebanyak 72.5% individu yang menggunakan usaha sendiri dalam mendapatkan pekerjaannya saat ini. Sedangkan, hanya 27.6% yang mempunyai kecenderungan menggunakan jaringan sosialnya untuk mendapatkan pekerjaannya saat ini. Jika melihat pada usaha sendiri, individu menggunakan media sosial sebagai sumber utama dalam mencari informasi lowongan pekerjaan. Juga kecenderungan yang muncul adalah tingginya self- actualization dan need of achievement dari individu untuk saling berkompetisi. Jika dibandingkan, mobilitas sosial individu yang menggunakan usaha sendiri dengan bantuan pihak lain, ternyata mobilitas sosial dengan usaha sendiri lebih tinggi. Pemilihan perusahaan yang prestisius membuat peningkatan status, mobilitas sosial yang berpengaruh pada life chances dan gaya hidup, dan kebanggan pribadi. Arus modernisasi membuat peran perempuan semakin terbuka dan penggunaan teknologi internet yang semakin tinggi dalam mencari pekerjaan.

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This bachelor thesis is a quantitative research using purposive sampling to 109 employees in some of prestigious companies who have 1-5 years working experience. This research describes the impact of social networks towards individual social mobility. From the result, the tendency of using self- effort is higher (72.5%) than whom use the social networks in order to apply in employment. Only 27.6% respondents use their social networks in order to get in employment. Take a look from the self-effort, most of respondents use social media as the source of vacancy information. The rising tendency of self-actualization and need of achievement from person is the reason why using self-effort in order to get an occupation. Comparing social mobility using social networks and self-effort, self-effort has higher percentage than social networks. The choice of prestigious company is one way to achieve higher status, upward social mobility (takes effect on better life chances, better lifestyle) and self- pride. The modernization makes tendency of women to be more open and the using of internet is quite high in order to get employment."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis proses mobilitas sosial vertikal intragenerasi pada pelaku Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) dalam era digital di Taman Jajan BSD City, Kecamatan Serpong, Kota Tangerang Selatan. Studi sebelumnya lebih berfokus pada peranan pendidikan, kesempatan, gender, dan kebijakan pemerintah sebagai aspek yang mendorong mobilitas sosial vertikal intragenerasi. Penelitian - penelitian tersebut belum banyak menelusuri peranan kemampuan literasi digital terhadap mobilitas vertikal. Maka, studi ini mengkaji kemampuan literasi digital pada pelaku UMKM. Peneliti berargumen bahwa kemampuan literasi digital berperan penting dalam terjadinya mobilitas sosial vertikal intragenerasi pada pelaku UMKM. Konsep yang digunakan adalah mobilitas vertikal intragenerasi dari Castellani, kategori kelas hasil pemikiran Goldthorpe, dan literasi digital dari Gilster. Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data berupa wawancara mendalam terhadap tujuh pelaku UMKM dan observasi di Taman Jajan BSD City, Tangerang Selatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya kesenjangan kemampuan literasi digital antar pelaku UMKM. Pelaku UMKM yang menguasai literasi digital mengalami mobilitas vertikal intragenerasi naik, sedangkan yang tidak memiliki kemampuan digital menghadapi mobilitas intragenerasi turun. Di era digital, pelaku UMKM dituntut untuk beradaptasi dengan penguasaan literasi digital untuk keberlanjutan usaha. Tuntutan ini semakin diperkuat oleh pandemi Covid-19. Pelaku UMKM yang usianya lebih muda bisa lebih adaptif dengan digital.

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This study aims to analyze the process of intragenerational vertical social mobility among Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the digital era in Taman Snack BSD City, Serpong District, South Tangerang City. Previous studies have focused more on the role of education, opportunity, gender, and government policies as aspects that encourage intragenerational vertical social mobility. Those studies have not explored the role of digital literacy skills on vertical mobility. Therefore, this study examines the digital literacy skills of MSME actors. This research argue that digital literacy skills play an important role in the occurrence of intragenerational vertical social mobility in MSME actors. The concepts used are intragenerational vertical mobility from Castellani, class categories created by Goldthorpe, and digital literacy from Gilster. This research approach is qualitative with data collection in the form of in-depth interviews with seven MSME actors and observations in Taman Snack BSD City, South Tangerang. The results of the study show that there is a gap in digital literacy skills between MSME actors. MSME actors who master digital literacy experience increased intragenerational vertical mobility, while those who do not have digital capabilities face decreased intragenerational mobility. In the digital era, MSME actors are required to adapt to mastering digital literacy for business sustainability. This demand is further strengthened by the Covid-19 pandemic. Younger MSME actors can be more adaptive to digital."

"Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji proses mobilitas sosial intragenerasi vertikal yang dialami oleh aparatur sipil negara (ASN) di Pemerintahan Kabupaten Tangerang. Terdapat dua peta studi mengenai hal tersebut, pertama mengatakan bahwa proses mobilitas yang dialami oleh pekerja bertumpu kepada aspek personal dari masing – masing individu seperti pendidikan yang dimiliki, kemampuan pribadi dan jejaring sosial yang dimiliki. Sedangkan kelompok studi kedua mengatakan bahwa, proses mobilitas dapat terjadi karena ada faktor-faktor struktural seperti ketersedian posisi, besarnya perusahaan, dan kebijakan yang berlaku. Peneliti berargumen bahwa, baik faktor personal maupun struktural merupakan bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dalam suatu proses mobilitas sosial intragenerasi vertikal yang dialami oleh ASN, mobilitas vertikal intragenerasi melihat perjalanan karir seseorang selama bekerja. Oleh karena itu, untuk menjelaskan fenomena tersebut, peneliti akan menggunakan konsep yang dikemukakan oleh Pierre Bourdieu yaitu habitus, field, dan capital. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode wawancara mendalam dan studi dokumen. Temuan penelitian dapat menyatakan bahwa bagi seorang ASN yang hendak melakukan proses mobilitas mereka sebagai agen harus berinteraksi dengan arena mereka dalam bentuk struktur formal yang mengatur jalannya karir pegawai. Selama berada di arena ini, pegawai memakai pola strategi yang dapat memperbesar kemungkinan mereka naik pangkat atau diangkat jabatan struktural.

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The research aims to examine the process of vertical intragenerational social mobility experienced by state civil servants (ASN) in the Tangerang Regency Government. There are two study maps on this, the first says that the mobility process experienced by workers rests on the personal aspects of each individual such as their education, personal abilities, and social networks. Meanwhile, the second study group said that the mobility process can occur because of structural factors such as the availability of positions, the size of the company, and the applicable policies. The researcher argues that both personal and structural factors are an inseparable part of a vertical intragenerational social mobility process experienced by ASN, intragenerational vertical mobility looks at a person's career journey during work. Therefore, to explain this phenomenon, the researcher will use the concepts proposed by Pierre Bourdieu, namely habitus, field, and capital. They are using a qualitative approach with in-depth interview methods and document studies. The study's findings state that an ASN who wants to carry out the mobility process, as an agent must interact with their arena in the form of a formal structure that regulates the course of the employee's career. In this arena, employees use a strategy pattern that can increase their chances of being promoted or appointed to structural positions."

"[ABSTRAKLATAR BELAKANG. Rasa takut jatuh merupakan gejala psikologis yang umum terjadi pada usia lanjut. Faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap rasa takut jatuh merupakan multifaktorial antara lain kecemasan, depresi, aktivitas dasar sehari-hari dan penyakit kronis yang dimiliki. Rasa takut jatuh yang menimbulkan efek negatif akan menyebabkan menurunnya mobilitas fungsional dan kualitas hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan mobilitas fungsional dan kualitas hidup pada populasi usia lanjut dengan rasa takut jatuh serta faktor mana yang paling mempengaruhi.METODE. Disain observasional potong lintang. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 108 usia lanjut yang didapat secara konsekutif. Analisis bivariat dengan uji Chi-Square dan analisis multivariat dengan regresi logistik. Penilaian rasa takut jatuh dengan kuesioner Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I), tingkat kognisi dengan kuesioner Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), rasa depresi dengan kuesioner Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), rasa cemas dengan kuesioner Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A), aktivitas dasar dengan kuesioner Barthel Index, mobilitas fungsional dengan uji Timed Up and Go (TUG) dan kualitas hidup dengan European Quality of Life ? 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D).HASIL. Subyek penelitian memiliki median Barthel Index 20 (15-20), median GDS 2 (0-13), dan median HAM-A 2 (0-22). Berdasarkan analisis bivariat, didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna secara signifikan antara variabel aktivitas dasar dengan mobilitas fungsional (OR 3.421; IK95% 1.324-8.841). Juga didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna secara signifikan antara variabel aktivitas dasar dan depresi dengan kualitas hidup (OR 4.789; IK95% 1.836-12.497 dan OR 3.000; IK95% 1.172-7.682) . Hasil analisis multivariat dengan regresi logistik menunjukan variabel aktivitas dasar merupakan variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap mobilitas fungsional (OR 3,421; IK95% 1,324-8,841) dan kualitas hidup (OR 4,789; IK95% 1,836-12,497).KESIMPULAN. Faktor aktivitas dasar merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap mobilitas fungsional dan kualitas hidup pada usia lanjut dengan rasa takut jatuh.

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ABSTRACTBACKGROUND.Fear of falling is one of psychological symptom which is common among older adults. Factors which is contributed to fear of falling are multifactorial such as anxiety, depression, basic activity daily living (ADL) and chronic disease. Negative effect caused by fear of falling will lead to decreasing in functional mobility and quality of life. The purpose of this study is to find factors that affects functional mobility and quality of life in elderly population and also to find which factors that most affect it.METHODS.Cross-sectional observasional study design in 108 subjects taken consecutively. Bivariat analysis use chi-square test and multivariat analysis use logistic regression. Fear of falling assessed with Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) questionnaire, cognitive state with Mental State Examination (MMSE), depression with Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), anxiety with Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A), basic ADL with Barthel Index, functional mobility with Timed Up and Go test (TUG) and quality of life with European Quality of Life ? 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D).RESULTS. Median of Barthel Index, GDS and HAM-A are 20 (15-20), 2 (0-13) and 2 (0-22). Bivariat analysis show that there is significantly relationship between basic ADL variable and functional mobility (OR 3.421; IK95% 1.324-8.841). There are also significantly relationship between basic ADL variable, depression variable and quality of life (OR 4.789; IK95% 1.836-12.497 dan OR 3.000; IK95% 1.172-7.682). Multivariat analysis show that basic ADL is the most influence variable to functional mobility (OR 3,421; IK95% 1,324-8,841) and to quality of life (OR 4,789; IK95% 1,836-12,497).CONCLUSIONS. Basic activity daily living of elderly with fear of falling is the most influence factor to functional mobility and quality of life.;BACKGROUND.Fear of falling is one of psychological symptom which is common among older adults. Factors which is contributed to fear of falling are multifactorial such as anxiety, depression, basic activity daily living (ADL) and chronic disease. Negative effect caused by fear of falling will lead to decreasing in functional mobility and quality of life. The purpose of this study is to find factors that affects functional mobility and quality of life in elderly population and also to find which factors that most affect it.METHODS.Cross-sectional observasional study design in 108 subjects taken consecutively. Bivariat analysis use chi-square test and multivariat analysis use logistic regression. Fear of falling assessed with Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) questionnaire, cognitive state with Mental State Examination (MMSE), depression with Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), anxiety with Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A), basic ADL with Barthel Index, functional mobility with Timed Up and Go test (TUG) and quality of life with European Quality of Life ? 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D).RESULTS.Median of Barthel Index, GDS and HAM-A are 20 (15-20), 2 (0-13) and 2 (0-22). Bivariat analysis show that there is significantly relationship between basic ADL variable and functional mobility (OR 3.421; IK95% 1.324-8.841). There are also significantly relationship between basic ADL variable, depression variable and quality of life (OR 4.789; IK95% 1.836-12.497 dan OR 3.000; IK95% 1.172-7.682). Multivariat analysis show that basic ADL is the most influence variable to functional mobility (OR 3,421; IK95% 1,324-8,841) and to quality of life (OR 4,789; IK95% 1,836-12,497).CONCLUSIONS.Basic activity daily living of elderly with fear of falling is the most influence factor to functional mobility and quality of life.;BACKGROUND.Fear of falling is one of psychological symptom which is common among older adults. Factors which is contributed to fear of falling are multifactorial such as anxiety, depression, basic activity daily living (ADL) and chronic disease. Negative effect caused by fear of falling will lead to decreasing in functional mobility and quality of life. The purpose of this study is to find factors that affects functional mobility and quality of life in elderly population and also to find which factors that most affect it.METHODS.Cross-sectional observasional study design in 108 subjects taken consecutively. Bivariat analysis use chi-square test and multivariat analysis use logistic regression. Fear of falling assessed with Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) questionnaire, cognitive state with Mental State Examination (MMSE), depression with Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), anxiety with Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A), basic ADL with Barthel Index, functional mobility with Timed Up and Go test (TUG) and quality of life with European Quality of Life ? 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D).RESULTS.Median of Barthel Index, GDS and HAM-A are 20 (15-20), 2 (0-13) and 2 (0-22). Bivariat analysis show that there is significantly relationship between basic ADL variable and functional mobility (OR 3.421; IK95% 1.324-8.841). There are also significantly relationship between basic ADL variable, depression variable and quality of life (OR 4.789; IK95% 1.836-12.497 dan OR 3.000; IK95% 1.172-7.682). Multivariat analysis show that basic ADL is the most influence variable to functional mobility (OR 3,421; IK95% 1,324-8,841) and to quality of life (OR 4,789; IK95% 1,836-12,497).CONCLUSIONS.Basic activity daily living of elderly with fear of falling is the most influence factor to functional mobility and quality of life., BACKGROUND.Fear of falling is one of psychological symptom which is common among older adults. Factors which is contributed to fear of falling are multifactorial such as anxiety, depression, basic activity daily living (ADL) and chronic disease. Negative effect caused by fear of falling will lead to decreasing in functional mobility and quality of life. The purpose of this study is to find factors that affects functional mobility and quality of life in elderly population and also to find which factors that most affect it.METHODS.Cross-sectional observasional study design in 108 subjects taken consecutively. Bivariat analysis use chi-square test and multivariat analysis use logistic regression. Fear of falling assessed with Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) questionnaire, cognitive state with Mental State Examination (MMSE), depression with Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), anxiety with Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A), basic ADL with Barthel Index, functional mobility with Timed Up and Go test (TUG) and quality of life with European Quality of Life – 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D).RESULTS.Median of Barthel Index, GDS and HAM-A are 20 (15-20), 2 (0-13) and 2 (0-22). Bivariat analysis show that there is significantly relationship between basic ADL variable and functional mobility (OR 3.421; IK95% 1.324-8.841). There are also significantly relationship between basic ADL variable, depression variable and quality of life (OR 4.789; IK95% 1.836-12.497 dan OR 3.000; IK95% 1.172-7.682). Multivariat analysis show that basic ADL is the most influence variable to functional mobility (OR 3,421; IK95% 1,324-8,841) and to quality of life (OR 4,789; IK95% 1,836-12,497).CONCLUSIONS.Basic activity daily living of elderly with fear of falling is the most influence factor to functional mobility and quality of life.]"

"Depresi adalah komplikasi umum dan utama pada pasien pascastroke usia muda. Hanya sedikit studi yang meneliti terkait masalah gejala depresi pada pasien usia muda walaupun gangguan ini dapat menimbulkan masalah yang besar kedepannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap depresi pasien stroke usia muda. Studi kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional dilakukan terhadap 80 pasien berusia muda (19-44 tahun) dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang telah valid dan reliabel. Hasilnya menunjukkan tidak ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara tingkat pendidikan (p=0,265), status pernikahan (p=0,376), dan status pekerjaan responden terhadap depresi pada pasien stroke usia muda (p=0,097). Hasilnya juga menunjukkan ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara tingkat ketergantungan (p=0,000), keluaran fungsional (p=0,000), status komorbid (p=0,006), fungsi keluarga (p=0,001) dan kecemasan (p=0,002) pada pasien stroke usia muda. Faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap depresi pasien stroke usia muda adalah fungsi keluarga (OR: 6,493) dan tingkat ketergantungan (OR: 0,033). Oleh karena itu, penting bagi rumah sakit untuk melakukan pemeriksaan awal terhadap gejala depresi guna mengantisipasi konsekuensi jangka panjang yang dapat muncul di masa mendatang.

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Depression is a common and major complication in young post-stroke patients. Only a few studies have examined the problem of depressive symptoms in young patients, even though this disorder can cause big problems in the future. This study aims to determine the factors that influence depression in young stroke patients. A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted on 80 young patients (19-44 years) using a valid and reliable questionnaires. The results showed that there was no significant influence between education level (p=0.265), marital status (p=0.346), and employment status of respondents on depression in young stroke patients (p=0.097). The results also showed that there was a significant influence between the level of dependency (p=0.000), functional outcome (p=0.000), comorbid status (p=0.006), family function (p=0.001) and anxiety (p=0.002) in young stroke patients. The factors that most influence depression in young stroke patients are family function (OR: 6.493) and level of dependency (OR: 0.033). Therefore, it is important for hospitals to carry out initial checks for symptoms of depression to anticipate long-term consequences that may arise in the future."

"Penelitian ini mengkaji fenomena mobilitas sosial intragenerasi yang dialami oleh penerima manfaat program bantuan sosial pemerintah di salah satu kecamatan termiskin di Jakarta Timur (Kecamatan Cakung). Studi-studi terdahulu telah menempatkan kebijakan sosial (seperti program bansos, rumah layak huni, dan kredit mikro) sebagai salah satu faktor pendorong mobilitas sosial dan pengentasan kemiskinan. Penelitian ini berargumen bahwa Keluarga Penerima Manfaat Program Keluarga Harapan (KPM PKH) yang berhasil mengalami mobilitas sosial intragenerasi naik adalah mereka yang mampu memanfaatkan dengan baik bantuan sosial tersebut untuk meningkatkan status sosial-ekonomi mereka serta mampu terhindar dari berbagai efek negatif dari bantuan sosial tersebut. Kemampuan mereka ini pun tak bisa lepas dari faktor seperti sifat individu serta karakteristik sosial-ekonomi mereka yang dapat mendorong maupun menghambat proses mobilitas sosial. Penelitian ini juga menyoroti pentingnya memperhatikan pemahaman subjektif dari para penerima manfaat kebijakan terkait perpindahan status-ekonomi yang mereka alami. Untuk itu, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus; dengan metode pengumpulan data berupa wawancara mendalam dan studi dokumen. Informan kunci dalam penelitian ini adalah 8 orang perempuan anggota KPM Transisi (telah menerima bantuan lebih dari 5 tahun) yang merupakan penerima langsung dari PKH. Perempuan (khususnya ibu) dalam masyarakat kita umumnya juga memiliki peran sosial lebih dalam mengurus keluarga, sehingga bisa jadi memiliki pemahaman lebih terkait kondisi sosial-ekonomi keluarganya.Hasil Penelitian menemukan adanya KPM PKH yang mengalami proses mobilitas intragenerasi naik (movers), mobilitas turun (fallers), dan tetap (always poor/never poor). KPM yang berhasil mengalami mobilitas intragenerasi naik adalah mereka yang secara objektif mampu memanfaatkan dengan baik bantuan sosial tersebut untuk meningkatkan status sosial-ekonomi (peningkatan pendapatan, pengembangan usaha) serta secara subjektif telah menilai bahwa dirinya telah mengalami peningkatan (misal: tidak lagi membutuhkan bantuan sosial). Keberhasilan tersebut pun tak lepas dari faktor-faktor di luar pelaksanaan kebijakan sosial (PKH) seperti sifat individu serta karakteristik sosial-ekonomi dari KPM.

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This study examines the phenomenon of intragenerational social mobility experienced by beneficiaries of a governmental social assistance program in one of the poorest sub-districts in East Jakarta (Cakung District). Previous studies have placed social policies (such as social assistance programs, livable housing, and microcredit) as one of the factors driving social mobility and poverty alleviation. This research argues that Beneficiary Families of the Family Hope Program (KPM PKH) who are successful in experiencing upward intragenerational social mobility are those who can make good use of this social assistance to improve their socioeconomic status and can avoid its various negative effects. Their abilities cannot be separated from factors such as their individual characteristics and socio-economic characteristics which can encourage or hinder the process of social mobility. This research also highlights the importance of noticing the subjective understanding of policy beneficiaries regarding the shift in economic status that they experience. For this reason, this research uses a qualitative approach with a case study type of research; with data collection methods in the form of in-depth interviews and document studies. The key informants in this research were 9 female members of Transition KPMs (who had received assistance for more than 5 years) who are direct recipients of PKH. Women (especially mothers) in our society generally also have more social roles in taking care of the family so that they may have a better understanding of their family’s socio-economic conditions. Research results found that there are KPM PKH who experience a process of intragenerational upward mobility (movers), downward mobility (fallers), and immobility (always poor/never poor). KPMs who are successful in experiencing intragenerational upward mobility are those who are objectively able to make good use of social assistance to improve their socio-economic status (e.g. increased income or business development) and subjectively assess that they have experienced improvement (e.g. no longer need social assistance). This success cannot be separated from factors outside the implementation of social policy (PKH), such as KPM's individual and socio-economic characteristics."