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"In menopausal women, there are physiological changes as a consequence of the decrease in the secretion of oestrogen and ovary function that produce oestrogen. Numerous metabolic, psychological and physical changes have been associated with this event. In this paper we described oral discomfort in menopausal women. Dentist should know about oral discomfort in menopause including oral dryness, burning sensation, altered taste perception and ulceration, because this symptoms could become a reason for menopausal women to see a dentist. In the management of oral discomfort in menopausal women dentist should collaborate with gynecologist."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui manifestasi oral, status kesehatan rongga mulut HIV anak dan hubungannya dengan status supresi imun di RSCM. Penelitian potong-lintang terhadap 70 anak HIV yang diterapi HAART di RSCM pada bulan April dan Mei 2014. Hasilnya, frekuensi manifestasi oral rendah. Yang terbanyak lesi SAR minor ditemukan pada 4 anak. Lebih separuh subyek memiliki tingkat kebersihan mulut baik (53,5%). Nilai rerata deft < 6 tahun, nilai DMFTdeft > 6 tahun lebih dari 1 gigi per individu. Tidak dijumpai hubungan antara manifestasi oral dengan supresi imun pada HIV anak yang mendapat terapi HAART.

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The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine oral manifestations, oral health status of HIV in children and their relationships with immune suppression status at RSCM. Seventy children treated with HAART at RSCM in April and May 2014 had low frequency of oral manifestations with RAS minor as the frequent lesions consist of 4 lesions. More than half of children had good oral hygiene (53.5%). The mean score of deft < 6 years, DMFT-deft > 6 years were more than 1 tooth per individual.There is no relationship between oral manifestations with immune suppression status of children treated with HAART. "

"Melanoma malignum (MM) kulit merupakan tumor ganas dengan mortalitas tinggi. Karakteristik histopatologik merupakan faktor prediktif prognostik MM kulit, tebal tumor >2 mm dan jumlah mitosis ≥5/mm² berkorelasi dengan angka kesintasan yang lebih buruk. Mutasi pada MM antara lain terjadi pada promoter telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), sehingga proliferasi sel menjadi tidak terbatas. Telomerase juga meningkatkan risiko metastasis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan karakteristik histopatologik dan imunoekspresi TERT dengan angka kejadian metastasis pada MM kulit. Sampel penelitian adalah 30 kasus MM kulit dengan metastasis dan 30 kasus tanpa metastasis di Departemen Patologi Anatomik FKUI/RSCM, periode Januari 2011 sampai Juli 2023. Dilakukan penilaian karakteristik histopatologik (tebal tumor, indeks mitosis, invasi limfovaskular, invasi perineural) dan pulasan imunohistokimia TERT menggunakan antibodi TERT. Data karakteristik histopatologik dan imunoekspresi TERT dianalisis untuk mengetahui hubungannya dengan angka kejadian metastasis. Karakteristik histopatologik yang berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kejadian metastasis adalah tebal tumor >2 mm (p=0,006) dan indeks mitosis ≥5/mm² (p=0,008). Hasil analisis multivariat mendapatkan hubungan antara imunoekspresi TERT tinggi dengan metastasis yang bermakna secara statistik (p<0,001, aOR=56,1). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah imunoekspresi TERT tinggi meningkatkan angka kejadian metastasis pada MM kulit. Terdapat hubungan antara tebal tumor dan indeks mitosis dengan angka kejadian metastasis pada MM kulit.

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Cutaneous malignant melanoma (MM) is a malignant tumor with high mortality rate. Histopathological characteristics are prognostic predictive factors of cutaneous MM, tumor thickness >2 mm and mitotic rate ≥5/mm² correlate with worse survival rate. Mutation in MM can occur at telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter, which lead to unlimited cell proliferation. Telomerase also increases metastatic risk. This study aims to determine the association between histopathological characteristics and TERT immunoexpression with metastasis in cutaneous MM. The study samples are 30 metastatic and 30 non-metastatic cutaneous MM in Anatomical Pathology Department FKUI/RSCM, from January 2011 to Juli 2023. Histopathological characteristics (tumor thickness, mitotic index, limfovaskular invasion, perineural invasion) were assessed and anti-TERT antibodies were used for immunohistochemistry staining. Histopathological characteristics and TERT immunoexpression data were analyzed to determine their association with metastasis. Histopathological features that correlate significantly with metastasis are tumor thickness >2 mm (p=0,006) and mitotic index ≥5 mitosis/mm² (p=0,008). Multivariate analysis showed significant association between high TERT immunoexpression and metastasis in cutaneous MM (p<0,001, aOR=56,1). This study concludes that high TERT immunoexpression increases metastatic rate in cutaneous MM. Tumor thickness and mitotic index are associated with metastasis in cutaneous MM."

"An ulcer is an area of discontinuity of an epithelial surface. Ulceration is the commonest oral soft tissue disorders and vary greatly in term of etiology signs and symptoms, prognosis and treatment. Abnormalities of immune system can cause oral mucosal ulceration. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the management of some of the more common oral ulcer associated with immunologic disorders. Because the natural history and treatment varies with the diagnosis, the practitioner should became familiar with the clinical aspects of the various type of ulcerations so that appropriate treatment can be instituted."

"ABSTRAKMucocele adalah lesi jinak yang terdapat pada mukosa mulut dan merupakan gangguan yang sering terjadi pada kelenjar saliva minor. Mucocele termasuk dalam 17 lesi yang sering terjadi pada rongga mulut yang disebabkan oleh trauma dan obstruksi pada kelenjar saliva. Mucocele dapat terjadi pada berbagai kelompok usia, namun pada umumnya terjadi pada anak-anak, remaja, dan dewasa muda. Penelitian mengenai distribusi dan frekuensi mucocele perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui epidemiologi dari mucocele, sehingga dapat memberikan informasi berupa prognosis dan kesuksesan perawatan berdasarkan kondisi yang dialami oleh pasien di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional (RSUPN) Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo periode 2016-2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi deskriptif retrospektif dengan menggunakan rekam medik pada pasien di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Analisis 8 kasus mucocele berdasarkan umur, jenis kelamin, jenis pekerjaan, lokasi terjadinya lesi, ukuran lesi, kondisi lesi, etiologi, jenis perawatan, dan kasus rekurensi. Sebagian besar pasien berumur 11-20 tahun (37,5%) dengan pekerjaan sebagai pelajar (50%). Rasio antara pasien laki-laki dan perempuan adalah 1:3. Lesi paling banyak ditemukan pada bibir bawah (50%) dengan ukuran 6-10 mm (50%) dalam keadaan yang tidak pecah. Etiologi berasal dari trauma dan kebiasaan menggigit bibir. Pilihan perawatan yang sering dilakukan adalah eksisi, yaitu sebanyak 4 kasus. Terdapat 4 kasus rekurensi pada mucocele setelah dilakukan perawatan.

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ABSTRACTMucocele is a benign lesion found in the oral mucosa and it is a disorder that often occurs in minor salivary glands. Mucoceles are included in 17th common lesions in the oral cavity caused by trauma and obstruction in the salivary glands. Mucocele can occur in various age groups but usually in children, adolescents, and young adults. Research on the distribution and frequency of mucocele needs to be done to determine the epidemiology of mucocele, so it can provide the information of prognosis and success of treatment based on the conditions that experienced by patients at National Hospital Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo from 2016-2017. The method of this research is retrospective descriptive study from medical records of National Hospital Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo patients. 8 cases of mucocele was analyzed based on age, gender, occupation, location of the lesion, size of lesion, condition of lesion, etiology, type of treatment, and recurrence cases. Most of the patients were 11-20 years old (37.5%) and most of them were students (50%). The ratio between male and female patients is 1:3. Most of the lesions are found in the lower lip (50%) in sizes 6-10 mm (50%) in a non-ruptured condition. The etiology of mucocele are trauma and lip biting habits. The choice of treatment that is often done in 4 cases of mucocele is excision. There were 4 cases of recurrence in mucocele after treatment."

"ABSTRAKMenopause merupakan suatu fenomena komplek dalam kontek sosial budaya. Tesis ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan konsep mengenai pengaruh sosial budaya Karawang pada respon dan koping wanita yang mengalami menopause. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan Grounded Theory. Delapan partisipan dalam penelitian ini didapatkan dengan cara theoretical sampling. Proses analisa data menggunakan tematik analisis. Meskipun terdapat budaya yang kurang mendukung, wanita dapat menerima menopause dan melakukan koping adaptif yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal dan eksternal. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan gambaran kepada tenaga kesehatan bahwa pengalaman menopause sangat individual. Perlu dilakukan penelitian serupa dengan sampel yang lebih besar dan karakteristik partisipan yang heterogen.

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ABSTRACTMenopause is a complex phenomenon experienced within a sociocultural contex. The purpose of this study is to develop concept about the influences of sociocultural on responses and coping toward menopausal women. A qualitative research design (grounded theory) was use to analyze the experiences of midlife women move through the transition of the perimenopause. Eight participants were selected by theoretical sampling. Data was analyzed used by thematic analysis.Women accept menopause although there is negative cultural in Karawang. Internal and eksternal factor can influences respons and coping. This results give a knowledge to nursing that menopause experiences are individualize. It requires same study with higher sample and more heterogeneous participants characteristic. "