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"Terapi Murottal Al Fatihah dan Azan merupakan terapi dengan memperdengarkan Surah Al Fatihah dan Azan sebagai stimulus auditory sensory pada pasien cedera kepala Penelitian ini, bertujuan agar diketahuinya pengaruh stimulasi terapi murottal al fatihah dan azan terhadap pemulihan fungsi kognitif dan perilaku. Menggunakan desain quasi eksperimen pre post test design with control group. sampel sebanyak 24 orang. Kelompok kontrol hanya mendapatkan pengobatan sesuai diprogramkan sedangkan kelompok intervensi selain mendapatkan pengobatan juga diberi stimulasi terapi murottal al-fatihah dan azan 5 kali sehari selama 7 hari. Penilaian pemulihan fungsi kognitif dan perilaku n pada hari ke-3 dan ke-7 dengan menggunakan skala Ranchos Los Amigos Level Cognitive Functioning Scale. Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pemulihan fungsi kognitif dan perilaku diantara kelompok intervensi dan control (p value = 0,046). Terapi Murottal Al fatihah dan Azan meningkatkan proses pemulihan fungsi kognitif dan perilaku, sehingga terapi ini disarankan diberikan pada pasien cedera kepala yang mengalami penurunan kesadaran.

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Murottal Al-Fatihah and Azan therapy is an intervention using surah Al-Fatihah and Azan as auditory sensory stimulus in patients with head injury. The research was aimed to know the effect of auditory sensory stimulation on cognitive function and behavior recovery effect. This study was quantitative research using a quasi-experimental with pre-posttest design with control group. This study used 24 respondents. The control group only received treatment according to the usual programme while the intervention group received treatment and also stimulated by murottal al-Fatihah and azan 5 times a day for 7 days. Recovery rate of cognitive function and behavior were evaluated in the first, 3 days and followed at 7 days use Ranchos Los Amigos Levels of Cognitive Functioning Scale. There was a significant effect of cognitive function and behavior recovery between the intervention and control groups (p value = 0.046). Murottal Al Fatihah and Azan therapy improve recovery process of cognitive function and behavior, therefore this therapy can be use for head injury patients with loss of consciousness."

"Latar Belakang: Waktu penanganan sejak penentuan tatalaksana operasi hingga ruang operasi bisa diukur dan digunakan untuk melihat efektivitas dari proses pelayanan kesehatan,  Penelitian bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara waktu tersebut dengan Glasgow Coma Scale awal pasien dan diagnosis kerja pasien. Metode: Desain penelitian adalah retrospective cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dari rekam medis pasien, menggunakan metode consecutive sampling, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 90 sampel.Hasil: Hubungan antara waktu door-to-operating room dengan Glasgow Coma Scale awal pasien tidak signifikan (OR, 1,763; CI 0,18-16,5; P 0,579) dan hubungan antara waktu door-to-operating room dengan diagnosis kerja pasien tidak signifikan (P > 0,999). Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara waktu door-to-operating room dengan Glasgow Coma Scale awal pasien dan diagnosis kerja pasien.

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Introduction: The time from determining surgical management to the operating room can be measured and used to see the effectiveness of the health service process. The research aims to see the relationship between this time and the patient's initial Glasgow Coma Scale and the patient's working diagnosis. 

Methods: The research design is retrospective cross sectional. Sampling was taken from patient medical records, using the consecutive sampling method, with a total sample of 90 samples.

Results The relationship between door-to-operating room time and the patient's initial Glasgow Coma Scale was not significant (OR, 1.763; CI 0.18-16.5; P 0.579) and the relationship between door-to-operating room time and the patient's working diagnosis was not significant (P > 0.999). 

Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between door-to-operating room time and the patient's initial Glasgow Coma Scale and the patient's working diagnosis, indicated by a p-value > 0.05."

"Tujuan penelitian ini pertama adalah untuk memperkirakan prognosis penderita cedera kepala, terbatas pada hubungan usia penderita dan tingkat penurunan kesadarannya sampai baras tertentu (nilai Skala Koma Glasgow 5 - 10), dengan kemungkingan hidup atau meninggalnya serta lamanya masa perawatan. Tujuan kedua adalah aga hasil penelitian ini bisa digunakan sebagai tambahan pegangan kepada para dokter di Indonesia dalam memperkirakan prognosis penderita cedera kepala. Penelitian ini menggunakan meted pengumpulan data dengan car pengamatan. Data diolah secara statistik."

"Perkembangan berbicara yang baik merupakan petunjuk penting yang menentukan kemampuan anak itu kelak untuk belajar. Keterlambatan berbicara dapat merupakan gejala berbagai kelainan antara lain gangguan pendengaran. Deteksi dini gangguan pendengaran tidaklah mudah, terkadang orangtua baru menyadari bahwa anaknya tidak dapat mendengar pada saat si anak berusia dua tahun.Anak dengan gangguan pendengaran mengalami perkembangan kecerdasan yang tidak optimal sebagai akibat kurangnya informasi bunyi yang berguna dalam proses komunikasi dan proses belajar dengan lingkungan. Kemampuan intelegensi anak dengan gangguan pendengaran tidak selalu di bawah rata-rata sehingga perlu dilakukan upaya khusus untuk optimalisasi fungsi pendengaran dan perkembangan berbicara. Keberhasilan upaya ini dipengaruhi oleh penemuan kasus gangguan pendengaran pada tahap awal sehingga proses habilitasi dini dapat segera dilaksanakan.Gangguan pendengaran adalah jenis kelainan bawaan terbanyak. Di Amerika Serikat angka kejadian gangguan pendengaran pada neonatus adalah 1 sampai 3 kasus dari 1000 kelahiran hidup. Di Indonesia menurut Survei Kesehatan Indera Pendengaran di 7 propinsi sejak tahun 1993-1996 disebutkan bahwa 0,1% penduduk menderita tuli sejak lahir.Semua anak dengan gangguan bicara hares menjalani tes pendengaran untuk membuktikan ada tidaknya gangguan pendengaran. Bila ternyata anak mengalami gangguan pendengaran, maka diperlukan intervensi dini berupa terapi bicara dan penggunaan alat bantu dengar, sehingga dengan dukungan keluarga dapat mengurangi atau menghapus perbedaan dalam kemampuan bicara anak tersebut dengan anak normal."

"[ABSTRAKLatar Belakang. Gangguan fungsi kognitif dapat terjadi pada pekerja yang terpajan toluen. Gangguan fungsi kognitif tersebut terutama adalah penurunan memori, atensi dan konsentrasi, yang dapat menurunkan produktifitas kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui prevalensi gangguan fungsi kognitif dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Metode Penelitian. Desain potong lintang dilakukan pada 102 orang pekerja perempuan usia 19-40 tahun dan pendidikan minimal SMA. Data dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner, pemeriksaan fisik dan laboratorium serta MMSE. Kriteria inklusi adalah masa kerja ≥ 1 tahun dan bersedia menjadi responden dengan menandatangani informed consent. Kriteria eksklusi adalah hamil, menstruasi,merokok, minum alkohol, riwayat cedera kepala, hipertensi, gula darah dan dislipidemia. Faktor risiko yang diteliti antara lain umur, status perkawinan, masa kerja, lama kerja, kepatuhan pakai masker , stres kerja dan status gizi. Umur, status perkawinan,masa kerja dan lama kerja diambil dari data HRD. Status gizi didapatkan dari perhitungan Indeks Massa Tubuh. Kepatuhan pakai masker berdasarkan pengawasan kepatuhan APD. Stres kerja dinilai menggunakan kuesioner Survey Diagnostik Stress . Hasil. Walaupun kadar toluen didapat lebih kecil dari nilai ambang batas toluen , didapatkan prevalensi gangguan fungsi kognitif sebesar 52 %. Area kognitif yang menurun adalah atensi kalkulasi dan visuospasial. Faktor risiko yang secara bermakna mempengaruhi gangguan fungsi kognitif adalah masa kerja, lama kerja, kepatuhan pemakaian masker, stres kerja yang meliputi konflik peran, ketaksaan peran, beban kerja kualitatif, beban kerja kuantitatif, pengembangan karir dan tanggung jawab rekan kerja. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan konflik peran merupakan faktor risiko yang paling mempengaruhi gangguan fungsi kognitif ( OR 7,546 Interval kepercayaan 95% 1,5 ? 41,88 ) Kesimpulan. Prevalensi penurunan fungsi kognitif studi ini lebih besar dari penelitian sebelumnya dan teori. Aspek kognitif yang menurun didominasi oleh atensi kalkulasi dan visuospasial. Konflik peran merupakan faktor risiko yang paling mempengaruhi gangguan fungsi kognitif.

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ABSTRACTBackground. Cognitive Function Impairment can happen among workers expose by Toluene. This impairment mainly effect in attention, concentration and memory function, and can decrease working productivity. This study aims to calculate the prevalence of Cognitive Function impairment and related risk factors Method. Cross sectional design study was conducted on 102 female workers, age 19-40 years old and graduated from senior high school. Age and education were obtained from secondary data, and followed by interviews, physical and laboratory examination and Mini Mental States Examination. The inclusion criteria were age ≥ 1 year of work and willing to be the subject of research. Exclusion criteria were pregnancy, menstruation, smoker, Alcohol consumption, history of head injury, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and Dyslipidemia. Risk factor included in this study were age, marital status, duration of work,time of work, PPE obedience ,work stress and nutritional status. Age, Marital status, Duration and Time of work were from secondary data of HRD department. Nutritional status was obtained from body mass index calculation. face mask obedience was obtained from data of wearing mask compliance. Work stress was assessed using Survey Diagnostic Stress Questionnaire. Results. The prevalence of Cognitive Function Impairment was 52 % , mainly at Attention ? Calculation and Visuospasial Aspect respectively. Significant risk factors ( p value < 0,05 ) in this study were duration of work and time of work, PPE obedience and all of work stress domain. The Result of multivariate analysis show that conflict of role was the most influence factor ( OR 7,546 C.I 95% 1,5 ? 41,88 ) Conclusion. This study found that the prevalence of cognitive function impairment was higher than theory and other similar studies . Cognitive aspects mainly affected were attention ? calculation and visuospatial. Conflict of role was the most inluence risk factor relating with cognitive function impairment;Background. Cognitive Function Impairment can happen among workers expose by Toluene. This impairment mainly effect in attention, concentration and memory function, and can decrease working productivity. This study aims to calculate the prevalence of Cognitive Function impairment and related risk factors Method. Cross sectional design study was conducted on 102 female workers, age 19-40 years old and graduated from senior high school. Age and education were obtained from secondary data, and followed by interviews, physical and laboratory examination and Mini Mental States Examination. The inclusion criteria were age ≥ 1 year of work and willing to be the subject of research. Exclusion criteria were pregnancy, menstruation, smoker, Alcohol consumption, history of head injury, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and Dyslipidemia. Risk factor included in this study were age, marital status, duration of work,time of work, PPE obedience ,work stress and nutritional status. Age, Marital status, Duration and Time of work were from secondary data of HRD department. Nutritional status was obtained from body mass index calculation. face mask obedience was obtained from data of wearing mask compliance. Work stress was assessed using Survey Diagnostic Stress Questionnaire. Results. The prevalence of Cognitive Function Impairment was 52 % , mainly at Attention – Calculation and Visuospasial Aspect respectively. Significant risk factors ( p value < 0,05 ) in this study were duration of work and time of work, PPE obedience and all of work stress domain. The Result of multivariate analysis show that conflict of role was the most influence factor ( OR 7,546 C.I 95% 1,5 – 41,88 ) Conclusion. This study found that the prevalence of cognitive function impairment was higher than theory and other similar studies . Cognitive aspects mainly affected were attention – calculation and visuospatial. Conflict of role was the most inluence risk factor relating with cognitive function impairment, Background. Cognitive Function Impairment can happen among workers expose by Toluene. This impairment mainly effect in attention, concentration and memory function, and can decrease working productivity. This study aims to calculate the prevalence of Cognitive Function impairment and related risk factors Method. Cross sectional design study was conducted on 102 female workers, age 19-40 years old and graduated from senior high school. Age and education were obtained from secondary data, and followed by interviews, physical and laboratory examination and Mini Mental States Examination. The inclusion criteria were age ≥ 1 year of work and willing to be the subject of research. Exclusion criteria were pregnancy, menstruation, smoker, Alcohol consumption, history of head injury, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and Dyslipidemia. Risk factor included in this study were age, marital status, duration of work,time of work, PPE obedience ,work stress and nutritional status. Age, Marital status, Duration and Time of work were from secondary data of HRD department. Nutritional status was obtained from body mass index calculation. face mask obedience was obtained from data of wearing mask compliance. Work stress was assessed using Survey Diagnostic Stress Questionnaire. Results. The prevalence of Cognitive Function Impairment was 52 % , mainly at Attention – Calculation and Visuospasial Aspect respectively. Significant risk factors ( p value < 0,05 ) in this study were duration of work and time of work, PPE obedience and all of work stress domain. The Result of multivariate analysis show that conflict of role was the most influence factor ( OR 7,546 C.I 95% 1,5 – 41,88 ) Conclusion. This study found that the prevalence of cognitive function impairment was higher than theory and other similar studies . Cognitive aspects mainly affected were attention – calculation and visuospatial. Conflict of role was the most inluence risk factor relating with cognitive function impairment]"

"Karbon monoksida merupakan senyawa gas yang tidak berbau, tidak berwarna dan tidak berasa tetapi sangat beracun. Karbon monoksida terutama berasal dari asap hasil pembakaran mesin dan kendaraan bermotor. Keracunan terutama terjadi karena proses inhalasi dan melalui mekanisme hipoksia, selanjutnya dapat menimbulkan gangguan sistem saraf pusat dengan gejala gangguan neurobehavioral dan fungsi kognitif.Penelitian ini mengkaji hubungan antara pajanan kronis karbon monoksida dengan gangguan fungsi kognitif pada pekerja di lokasi parkir dalam gedung. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional, melibatkan 93 pekerja di lokasi parkir dalam gedung rumah sakit dan hotel di Jakarta pada tahun 2015. Pengukuran kadar karbon monoksida di udara lingkungan kerja dilakukan 1 kali menggunakan metode spektrofotometri dengan iodida pentoksida. Pengukuran kadar COHb dilakukan dengan metode kromatografi gas melalui udara CO ekshalasi, sedangkan fungsi kognitif dinilai menggunakan kuesioner Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Prevalensi gangguan fungsi kognitif pada populasi pekerja di lokasi parkir dalam gedung 22,58%. Gangguan fungsi kognitif memiliki hubungan bermakna (p<0,05) berturut-turut dengan kadar CO ruang (ORcr=4,28; 95% CI = 1,15-15,86), kadar COHb (ORcr=6,5; 95% CI = 2,21-19,10) dan kebiasaan merokok (ORcr=6,81; 95% CI = 1,98-23,42).Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan faktor risiko utama yang berhubungan dengan gangguan fungsi kognitif adalah kadar COHb ≥5% (ORadj=4,47; 95% CI = 1,23-16,25). Disimpulkan pajanan kronis CO di udara lingkungan kerja dapat menimbulkan gangguan fungsi kognitif yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar COHb dalam darah. Kebiasaan merokok merupakan faktor perancu utama, karena dapat secara langsung meningkatkan kadar COHb dalam darah dan menimbulkan gangguan fungsi kognitif melalui mekanisme kerusakan sel syaraf. Pemerintah perlu menyusun regulasi terkait pembangunan fasilitas parkir dalam gedung untuk menjamin kesehatan dan keselamatan pekerja.

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Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, nonirritating, odorless and tasteless gas. The most important human-made source of CO arises from the exhaust of automobiles. Carbon monoxide chronic intoxication mostly occurs from an inhalation process and can cause brain damage due to its sensitivity over hypoxia, and leads to various neural defects including neurobehavioral and cognitive function disturbance.This study aimed to determine the relationship between chronic CO exposure and cognitive function among basement parking lot workers. This study used a cross-sectional design, involving 93 people age 20-40 years who work in a hospital or hotel basement parking lot in Jakarta on 2015. Carbon monoxide air levels in workplace were measured using iodine pentoxidespectrophotometric method, while COHb levels were measured once using Gas Chromatography through a CO exhalation procedure. Cognitive function was determined using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) questionnaire.Study result showed the CO air levels were all below threshold limit value (TLV) of 29 mg/m3. The prevalence of impaired cognitive function among basement parking lot workers was 22,58%. Carbon monoxide air levels, COHb levels and smoking habit factors were statistically significant related to impaired cognitive function, with ORcr 4.28 (95% CI = 1,15-15,86); ORcr 6.5 (95% CI = 2,21-19,10); and ORcr 6.81(95% CI = 1,98-23,42). Logistic regression method shows COHb levels is the only predictive factor of cognitive function with ORadj 4.47 (95% CI = 1,23-16,25). Therefore, it is concluded that chronic exposure of CO in the air workplace can cause cognitive function impairment, marked by a significant increase of COHb levels. Smoking habit is the main confounding factor, for it can directly increase COHb levels and impair cognitive function. Government should establish a punctual and effective regulation on how to build a basement parking lot facility regarding the safety of the workers."

"[ABSTRAKPerkembangan konsumen dengan gaya hidup pro lingkungan semakinmeningkat di dunia, khususnya di Indonesia. Banyak perusahaan dan organisasimemanfaatkan hal tersebut dengan menerapkan corporate social marketing(CSM) untuk mengubah perilaku konsumennya. Seperti yang telah dilakukan olehThe Coca Cola Company dalam program ?Break the Bottle? pada produk Ades.Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat bagaimana pengaruh penggunaan stimulasisensori dalam suatu program sosial terkait dengan branding behavior yangditerapkan. Data diperoleh dengan melakukan eksperimen dan surveymenggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa denganmemberikan stimulasi sensori tinggi dengan meremukkan botol plastikmenggunakan tangan akan berpengaruh signfikan terhadap penerimaan pesanmelalui penerapan branding behavior. Namun hal tersebut hanya akanberpengaruh pada konsumen yang pro lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, hasilpenelitian ini menyarankan perusahaan perlu menekankan pelaksanaan programsosial pada penyampaian inti dari pesan sosialnya. Selain itu, perusahaan jugasebaiknya menyediakan informasi dan fasilitas yang mendukung kemudahanaudiens untuk melakukan perilaku agar dapat meningkatkan keterlibatan danpartisipasi audiens sesuai dengan tujuan program sosial.

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ABSTRACTPro-environmental consumer?s lifestyle is increasing all over the world,particularly in Indonesia. Many companies and organizations take advantage ofthis by applying corporate social marketing (CSM) to change their consumerbehavior. As performed by The Coca Cola Company within its program entitled?Break the Bottle? for Ades. This study was conducted to see how it affects theuse of sensory stimulation within a social program related to branding behavioractivity applied. Data was obtained by performing experimental research andsurveys using questionnaires. The results of this study found that high sensorystimulation will have a significant influence on the acceptance of brandingmessage through the implementation of branding behavior. However, it will onlyaffect the pro-environmental consumer. Threfore, results of this study suggest thatcompanies need to emphasize the implementation of social programs in thedelivery of the core of the social message. In addition, the company should alsoprovide information and facilitate the audience to perform the behavior in orderto increase the involvement and participation of the audience according byobjectives of social programs.;Pro-environmental consumer?s lifestyle is increasing all over the world,particularly in Indonesia. Many companies and organizations take advantage ofthis by applying corporate social marketing (CSM) to change their consumerbehavior. As performed by The Coca Cola Company within its program entitled?Break the Bottle? for Ades. This study was conducted to see how it affects theuse of sensory stimulation within a social program related to branding behavioractivity applied. Data was obtained by performing experimental research andsurveys using questionnaires. The results of this study found that high sensorystimulation will have a significant influence on the acceptance of brandingmessage through the implementation of branding behavior. However, it will onlyaffect the pro-environmental consumer. Threfore, results of this study suggest thatcompanies need to emphasize the implementation of social programs in thedelivery of the core of the social message. In addition, the company should alsoprovide information and facilitate the audience to perform the behavior in orderto increase the involvement and participation of the audience according byobjectives of social programs.;Pro-environmental consumer?s lifestyle is increasing all over the world,particularly in Indonesia. Many companies and organizations take advantage ofthis by applying corporate social marketing (CSM) to change their consumerbehavior. As performed by The Coca Cola Company within its program entitled?Break the Bottle? for Ades. This study was conducted to see how it affects theuse of sensory stimulation within a social program related to branding behavioractivity applied. Data was obtained by performing experimental research andsurveys using questionnaires. The results of this study found that high sensorystimulation will have a significant influence on the acceptance of brandingmessage through the implementation of branding behavior. However, it will onlyaffect the pro-environmental consumer. Threfore, results of this study suggest thatcompanies need to emphasize the implementation of social programs in thedelivery of the core of the social message. In addition, the company should alsoprovide information and facilitate the audience to perform the behavior in orderto increase the involvement and participation of the audience according byobjectives of social programs., Pro-environmental consumer’s lifestyle is increasing all over the world,particularly in Indonesia. Many companies and organizations take advantage ofthis by applying corporate social marketing (CSM) to change their consumerbehavior. As performed by The Coca Cola Company within its program entitled“Break the Bottle” for Ades. This study was conducted to see how it affects theuse of sensory stimulation within a social program related to branding behavioractivity applied. Data was obtained by performing experimental research andsurveys using questionnaires. The results of this study found that high sensorystimulation will have a significant influence on the acceptance of brandingmessage through the implementation of branding behavior. However, it will onlyaffect the pro-environmental consumer. Threfore, results of this study suggest thatcompanies need to emphasize the implementation of social programs in thedelivery of the core of the social message. In addition, the company should alsoprovide information and facilitate the audience to perform the behavior in orderto increase the involvement and participation of the audience according byobjectives of social programs.]"

"Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh terapi perilaku kognitif pada klien skizoprenia dengan perilaku kekerasan di rumah sakit Marzoeki Mahdi Bogor, 2009. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain ?Quasi experimental pre-post test with control group?. Sample penelitian ini adalah klien skizoprenia dengan perilaku kekerasan berjumlah 26 orang yang terdiri dari 13 orang kelompok control dan 13 orang kelompok intervensi. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa terjadinya peningkatan yang bermakna pada kemampuan kognitif dan perilaku klien Skizoprenia dengan perilaku kekerasan kearah yang lebih positif, yaitu klien dapat berpikir positif dan berperilaku adaptif. Terapi perilaku kognitif diharapkan dapat diberikan oleh perawat spesialis dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan klien skizoprenia dengan perilaku kekerasan dan menjadi standar asuhan keperawatan di tatanan pelayanan kesehatan.

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The purpose of this study to find the effect of cognitive behavior therapy toward client Skizoprenia with violence behavior at Marzoeki Mahdi Bogor in 2009. This study was a quantitative with design of quasi experimental pre-post test with control group by intervention of cognitive behavior therapy. The Sample of this research are schizophrenia client with violence behavior with amount 26 samples consist of 13 samples were in control group and 13 samples were in intervention group.

From study result inicated that there were improvement of cognitive ability and behavior of client skizoprenia with violent behavior to be better where client could be thinking positive and adaptive behavior. The cognitive behavior therapy could be given by specialist nurse in treatment of schizophrenia with violence behavior and becoming the standard of nursery treatment at health service."

"ABSTRAKSkizofrenia merupakan penyakit neurobiologis berat dan terus menerus yang mengakibatkan terganggunya respon seseorang dan berdampak pada kehidupan individu, keluarga dan masyarakat. Tanda gejala yang muncul diantaranya berupa harga diri rendah HDR dan risiko perilaku kekerasan RPK . Hasil penanganan kasus ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbandingan perubahan tanda gejala dan kemampuan pasien HDR dan RPK antar yang diberikan tindakan keperawatan terapi kognitif perilaku dengan yang diberikan latihan asertif menggunakan teori Stuart dan adaptasi Roy. Penanganan kasus ini menggunakan pendekatan multiple case study, yaitu kasus HDR dan RPK dengan jumlah partisipan 16 orang, Hasil penanganan kasus menunjukan bahwa pasien dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki yang berusia rata-rata 34.4 tahun, terjadi penurunan tanda gejala HDR dan RPK terutama pada aspek perilaku, kognitif dan afektif setelah diberikan tindakan keperawatan ners dan ners spesialis berupa terapi kognitif perilaku dan latihan asertif. Rekomendasi dari penanganan kasus ini adalah latihan asertif bisa diprioritaskan karena menurunkan tanda gejala lebih banyak pada diagnosis HDR dan RPK

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ABSTRACTSchizophrenia is a severe and continuous neurobiological disease that results in disruption of one 39 s response and impacts on the lives of individuals, families and communities. Symptoms that appear include low self esteem HDR and the risk of violent behavior RPK . The results of this case handling aims to analyze the comparison of symptom change and ability of HDR and RPK patients among those given behavioral cognitive therapy nursing behaviors with those given assertive exercise using Stuart 39 s theory and Roy 39 s adaptation. The handling of this case using a multiple case study approach, namely cases of HDR and RPK with the number of participants 16 people, The results of case handling showed that patients with male gender aged average 34.4 years, decreased signs of HDR and RPK symptoms, especially on aspects behavioral, cognitive and affective after being given nursing actions ners and specialist ners in the form of cognitive behaviour therapy and assertiveness tarining. The recommendation of this case is that assertiveness training can be prioritized because it decreases more symptoms symptoms in HDR and RPK diagnoses."