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"The book offers a new approach to information theory that is more general then the classical approach by Shannon. The classical definition of information is given for an alphabet of symbols or for a set of mutually exclusive propositions (a partition of the probability space Ω) with corresponding probabilities adding up to 1. The new definition is given for an arbitrary cover of Ω, i.e. for a set of possibly overlapping propositions. The generalized information concept is called novelty and it is accompanied by two new concepts derived from it, designated as information and surprise, which describe "opposite" versions of novelty, information being related more to classical information theory and surprise being related more to the classical concept of statistical significance. In the discussion of these three concepts and their interrelations several properties or classes of covers are defined, which turn out to be lattices. The book also presents applications of these new concepts, mostly in statistics and in neuroscience."

"This book is a selection of results obtained within one year of research performed under SYNAT, a nation-wide scientific project aiming to create an infrastructure for scientific content storage and sharing for academia, education and open knowledge society in Poland. The selection refers to the research in artificial intelligence, knowledge discovery and data mining, information retrieval and natural language processing, addressing the problems of implementing intelligent tools for building a scientific information platform.The idea of this book is based on the very successful SYNAT Project Conference and the SYNAT Workshop accompanying the 19th International Symposium on Methodologies for Intelligent Systems (ISMIS 2011). The papers included in this book present an overview and insight into such topics as architecture of scientific information platforms, semantic clustering, ontology-based systems, as well as, multimedia data processing."

"These four volumes (CCIS 297, 298, 299, 300) constitute the proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems, IPMU 2012, held in Catania, Italy, in July 2012. The 258 revised full papers presented together with six invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on fuzzy machine learning and on-line modeling, computing with words and decision making, soft computing in computer vision, rough sets and complex data analysis, theory and applications, intelligent databases and information system, information fusion systems, philosophical and methodological aspects of soft computing, basic issues in rough sets, 40th anniversary of the measures of fuziness, SPS11 uncertainty in profiling systems and applications, handling uncertainty with copulas, formal methods to deal with uncertainty of many-valued events, linguistic summarization and description of data; fuzzy implications, theory and applications, sensing and data mining for teaching and learning, theory and applications of intuitionistic fuzzy sets, approximate aspects of data mining and database analytics, fuzzy numbers and their applications, information processing and management of uncertainty in knowledge-based systems, aggregation functions, imprecise probabilities, probabilistic graphical models with imprecision, theory and applications, belief function theory, basics and/or applications, fuzzy uncertainty in economics and business, new trends in De Finetti's approach, fuzzy measures and integrals, multicriteria decision making, uncertainty in privacy and security, uncertainty in the spirit of Pietro Benvenuti, coopetition; game theory, probabilistic approach."

"This book includes the best works presented at the scientific and practical conference that took place on February 1, 2018 in Pyatigorsk, Russia on the topic "Perspectives on the use of New Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the Modern Economy". The conference was organized by the Institute of Scientific Communications (Volgograd, Russia), the Center for Marketing Initiatives (Stavropol, Russia), and Pyatigorsk State University (Pyatigorsk, Russia). The book present the results of research on the complex new information and communication technologies in the modern economy and law as well as research that explore limits of and opportunities for their usage. The target audience of this book includes undergraduates and postgraduates, university lecturers, experts, and researchers studying various issues concerning the use of new information and communication technologies in modern economies. The book includes research on the following current topics in modern economic science: new challenges and opportunities for establishing information economies under the influence of scientific and technical advances, digital economy as a new vector of development of the modern global economy, economic and legal aspects of using new information and communication technologies in developed and developing countries, priorities of using the new information and communication technologies in modern economies, platforms of communication integration in tourism using new information and communication technologies, and economic and legal managerial aspects and peculiarities of scientific research on the information society"

"In the concluding chapters of this book the author introduces GIM, the Global Intelligent Machine. GIM is a huge global hybrid machine, a combination of production machinery, information machinery and mechanized networks. In the future it may very well encompass all machinery on the globe.The author discusses the development of machines from the Stone Age until the present and pays particular attention to the rise of the science of machines and the development of the relationship between science and technology.The first production and information tools were invented in the Stone Age. In the Agricultural empires tools and machinery became more complex. During and after the Industrial Revolution the pace of innovation accelerated. In the 20th century the mechanization of production, information processing and networks became increasingly sophisticated. GIM is the culmination of this development.GIM is no science fiction. GIM exists and is growing and getting smarter and smarter. Individuals and institutions are trying to control parts of this giant global robot. By looking at its history and by putting GIM in the context of the current developments, this book seeks to reach a fuller understanding of this phenomenon."

"With extended papers from the sixth SACI meeting in Romania in 2011, this book bridges the divide between theory and practice, showing how researchers and technicians are deploying the fast-evolving capabilities of today's computing methodologies. "

"ABSTRAKTesis ini bertujuan menjelaskan kondisi asimetri informasi beserta implikasinya dalam information sharing intelijen pada kasus Teror Sarinah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam terhadap narasumber praktisi dan akademisi, serta studi dokumen yang berkaitan dengan Teror Sarinah. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan dua hal dari pertanyaan penelitian. Berdasarkan pertanyaan pertama, kondisi asimetri informasi intelijen terbukti telah terjadi dalam information sharing kontra terorisme pada kasus Teror Sarinah yang didasarkan atas terpenuhinya tiga unsur yaitu adanya ketimpangan penguasaan informasi, pertukaran informasi yang tidak optimal, dan kesepakatan pendapat dari para instansi terkait, bahwa informasi intelijen yang berasal dari information sharing tidak efektif. Kemudian berdasarkan pertanyaan kedua, asimetri informasi intelijen dalam information sharing kontra terorisme pada kasus Teror Sarinah, terbukti memiliki implikasi negatif yang berakhir pada kegagalan antisipasi Teror Sarinah. Implikasi tersebut digambarkan dalam tiga kondisi. Pertama, asimetri informasi berimplikasi pada munculnya keraguan atau menurunnya tingkat kepercayaan diantara sesama instansi penyelenggara kontra terorisme, kedua kecenderungan instansi untuk bekerja secara sendiri-sendiri/individualistik dalam mengatasi aksi teror, dan yang terakhir lemahnya koordinasi diantara penyelenggara intelijen. Temuan menarik dan Saran dijelaskan pada bagian akhir tesis ini.

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ABSTRACTThis research explains the asymmetry conditions in intelligence sharing information and their negative implications in Sarinah Bombing Case. In terms of collecting data through qualitative method, this research uses the result of interview process with practitioners and academics, and study literature related to Sarinah Bombing Case. The results of this study conclude two things from the research question. First, the asymmetry condition of intelligence information proved to have occurred in the information sharing of counter terrorism in Sarinah terror case. It came from the fulfillment of three indicators, such as the unequal information gap, the non optimal condition of information exchange, and the opinion's agreement from relevant institutions. It shows that the intelligence information derived from ineffective information sharing. Second, intelligence information asymmetry in information sharing on counterterrorism in the Sarinah terror case created negative implications that ended in the failure anticipation of Sarinah Bombing. The implications are illustrated in three conditions, which are 1 the information asymmetry has implications for the emergence of trust levels among counter terrorism organizing agencies 2 there are tendencies from agencies to work individually in overcoming acts of terror 3 there is a lack coordination among intelligence operators. Interesting Findings and Suggestions are explained at the end of this research."