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"This book presents an overview of the issues related to the test, diagnosis and fault-tolerance of Network on Chip-based systems. It is the first book dedicated to the quality aspects of NoC-based systems and will serve as an invaluable reference to the problems, challenges, solutions, and trade-offs related to designing and implementing state-of-the-art, on-chip communication architectures."

"This book provides a comprehensive survey of recent progress in the design and implementation of Networks-on-Chip. It addresses a wide spectrum of on-chip communication problems, ranging from physical, network, to application layers. Specific topics that are explored in detail include packet routing, resource arbitration, error control/correction, application mapping, and communication scheduling. Additionally, a novel bi-directional communication channel NoC (BiNoC) architecture is described, with detailed explanation."

"This book addresses reliability and energy efficiency of on-chip networks using cooperative error control. It describes an efficient way to construct an adaptive error control codec capable of tracking noise conditions and adjusting the error correction strength at runtime. Methods are also presented to tackle joint transient and permanent error correction, exploiting the redundant resources already available on-chip. A parallel and flexible network simulator is also introduced, which facilitates examining the impact of various error control methods on network-on-chip performance."

"Sistem transportasi yang canggih dan terintegrasi menjadi hal yang didambakan masyarakat, terutama pekerja di perkotaan yang memiliki mobilitas tinggi. DKI Jakarta sebagai ibu kota memiliki berbagai transportasi canggih yang menghubungkan pusat kota dengan wilayah aglomerasi, seperti MRT, LRT, Commuter Line, hingga Trans Jakarta (BRT). Transportasi Trans Jakarta sendiri semakin berkembang yang mana koridor terus diperbanyak. Salah satu operator BRT yang di bekerja sama adalah PT.Mayasari Bakti yang menggunakan Bus Scania. Scania merupakan salah satu produk yang di ageni oleh PT. United Tractors sebagai Agen Tunggal Pemegang Merek (ATPM). Produk tipe Scania yang digunakan untuk K320 dan K310. Pemeliharaan yang baik menjadi kunci keberhasilan agar bus selalu dikendarai dalam keadaan prima. Tidak tercapainya pencapaian yang diukur dalam Physical Availabilty menjadi bahan evaluasi. Evaluasi dilakukan agar mengetahui akar permasalah yang terjadi. Beberapa hal perlu dievaluasi, diperbaiki dan ditingkatkan. Perbaikan dari segi metode seperti panduan operational yang belum ada, dari segi orang perlu perbaikan dalam hal pengetahuan dasar dalam pengoperasion bus. Selain itu dari segi teknis juga perlu diperbaiki dalam hal perbaikan rencana pergantian komponen, serta yang terakhir dari sisi komunikasi diperlukan perbaikan agar tidak ada penundaan pemeliharaan yang disebabkan karena pola komunikasi kurang baik antara tim bengkel dengan tim lapangan.

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A sophisticated and integrated transportation system is something that is coveted by the commbusy, especially workers in urban areas who have high mobility. DKI Jakarta as the capital city has a variety of sophisticated transportation that connects the city center with agglomeration areas, such as the MRT, LRT, Commuter Line, to Trans Jakarta (BRT). Trans Jakarta Transportation itself is growing where the corridors continue to be multiplied. One of the BRT operators working together is PT. Mayasari Bakti which uses Scania Bus. Scania is one of the products that is agented by PT. United Tractors as the Sole Agent of the Brand Holder (ATPM). Scania type product used for K320 and K310. Good maintenance is the key to success so that the bus is always driven in prime condition. Not achieving the achievement as measured in Physical Availability becomes the evaluation material. Evaluation is carried out in order to find out the root of the problem that occurred. Several things need to be evaluated, corrected and improved. Improvements in terms of methods such as operational guidelines that do not yet exist, in terms of people need improvement in terms of basic knowledge of bus operations. Apart from that from a technical point of view it also needs to be improved in terms of repairing the komponen replacement plan, as well as the last one from the communication side it needs improvement so that there are no maintenance delays caused by poor communication patterns between the workshop tim and the field team."

"Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pendekatan analisis life cycle cost (LCC) pada Kereta Cepat Indonesia yang mempertimbangkan analisis Reliability, Availability, Maintainability & Safety (RAMS). Analisis RAMS ini akan memberikan cara untuk mengoptimalkan strategi maintenance dengan mempertimbangkan kebutuhan anggaran jangka pendek serta biaya kepemilikan jangka panjang. Untuk mencapai tujuan RAMS dan LCC keseluruhan dari sistem, diperlukan tindakan RAMS dan LCC yang sistematis diseluruh siklus hidup (life cycle) sistem. Dikarenakan kereta cepat indonesia masih dalam tahap desain, maka analisis RAMS dan LCC kereta cepat ini ada pada fase desain dan implementasi pada siklus hidup produk. Fase ini menjadi penting dikarenakan sebagai analisis awal dari RAMS dan LCC kereta cepat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan pendekatan untuk membuat keputusan maintenace yang efektif berdasarkan analisis RAMS dan LCCMetode yang digunakan dalam analisis RAMS ini mengikuti siklus hidup sistem sampai dengan tahap desain dan implementasi yaitu dimulai dengan penentapan ruang lingkup kegiatan. Penetapan ruang lingkup ini merupakan penentuan sistem, subsistem beserta komponen kereta cepat yang akan dianalisis. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengumpulan data yang berasal dari kombinasi antara pengambilan data pembanding dari data kereta cepat yang beroperasi di negara lain, pengambilan data dari para ahli kereta, serta pengambilan data dari perhitungan masa pakai komponen. Setelah pengumpulan data, dilanjutkan dengan analisis risiko. metode analisis risiko mengacu pada standar ISO 31000 yang dimulai dengan identifikasi hazard, analisis risiko dengan Failure Mode & Effect Criticality Analysis (FMECA) dan evaluasi risiko berdasarkan FMECA. Langkah selanjutnya adalah penentuan persyaratan dan target RAMS. Target reliability dan availability ditetapkan sebesar 95% berdasarkan kesepakatan dengan PT INKA. Setelah target ditetapkan, selanjutnya melakukan program RAMS yang meliputi perhitungan reliability, availability, maintainability dan hazard rate. Setelah melakukan program RAMS didapatkan rekomendasi waktu maintenance setiap subsistem. Rekomendasi ini dipakai dalam perhitungan LCC.Untuk analisis LCC mengacu pada standar internasional BS 15686-5 tentang Life Cycle Costing. Biaya-biaya yang dihitung meliputi biaya konstruksi, biaya maintenance, biaya operasional dan end of life cost.Hasil yang diperoleh adalah nilai reliability sistem kereta cepat Indonesia dalam kurun waktu 1 tahun (6000 jam) yaitu 0,1550 artinya untuk mencapat target reliability total sebesar 0,95 diperlukan upaya maintenance sebelum 1 tahun beroperasi. Untuk nilai availability semua sistem kereta cepat diatas target yaitu 0,95 artinya waktu repair dari setiap subsistem dan sistem secara keseluruhan sudah memenuhi standar. Sedangkan nilai maintainability setiap subsistem diantara 95% – 100%.Selanjutnya hasil dari analisis LCC dengan menggunakan metode Uniform Present Value Modified (UPV*) dengan nilai escalation rate (e) 3,27% dan discount rate (i) 4,96% selama periode (n) 30 tahun, maka didapatkan nilai present value total sebesar 79.073,96 milyar rupiah jauh lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan nilai estimasi revenue terendah yaitu 443.799,16 milyar rupiah. Dengan demikian proyek kereta api cepat jakarta surabaya dinilai menguntungkan.

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In this study, a life cycle cost (LCC) analysis approach was carried out on the Indonesian High-Speed ​​Train which took into account the analysis of Reliability, Availability, Maintainability & Safety (RAMS). This RAMS analysis will provide a way to optimize the maintenance strategy by considering short-term budget requirements as well as the long-term cost of ownership. To achieve the overall RAMS and LCC objectives of the system, systematic RAMS/LCC actions are required throughout the life cycle system. Because the Indonesian high-speed train is still in the design stage, the RAMS and LCC analysis of this high-speed train is in the design and implementation phase of the product life cycle. This phase is important because it is the initial analysis of the high-speed train RAMS and LCC. This research aims to develop an approach to making effective maintenance decisions based on RAMS and LCC analysis analysis

The method used in this RAMS analysis follows the system life cycle up to the design and implementation stages, starting with determining the scope of activities. Determination of this scope is the determination of the system, subsystem, and components of the high-speed train to be analyzed. Furthermore, data collection comes from a combination of taking comparative data from data on high-speed trains operating in other countries, collecting data from train experts, and collecting data from calculating component life. After data collection, continued with risk analysis. The risk analysis method refers to the ISO 31000 standard starting with hazard identification, risk analysis with Failure Mode & Effects Criticality Analysis (FMECA), and risk evaluation based on FMECA. The next step is to determine the RAMS requirements and targets. The reliability and availability targets are set at 95% based on an agreement with PT INKA. After the target is set, then perform the RAMS program which includes the calculation of reliability, availability, maintainability, and hazard rate. After performing the RAMS program, the recommended maintenance time for each subsystem is obtained. This recommendation is used in the calculation of the LCC.

The LCC analysis refers to the international standard BS 15686-5 concerning Life Cycle Costing. The calculated costs include construction costs, maintenance costs, operational costs, and end-of-life costs.

The results obtained are the reliability value of the Indonesian high-speed rail system within 1 year (6000 hours) which is 0.1550, meaning that to achieve a total reliability target of 0.95, maintenance efforts are needed before 1 year of operation. For the availability value of all high-speed train systems above the target, which is 0.95, it means that the repair time of each subsystem and the system as a whole has met the standard. While the maintainability value of each subsystem is between 95% - 100%.

Furthermore, the results of the LCC analysis using the Uniform Present Value Modified (UPV*) method with an escalation rate (e) of 3.27% and a discount rate (i) of 4.96% throughout (n) 30 years, the present value is obtained. a total of 79,073.96 billion rupiahs, much lower than the lowest estimated revenue value of 443,799.16 billion rupiahs. Thus, the Jakarta-Surabaya high-speed rail project is considered profitable."

"Networks-on-chip : from implementations to programming paradigms provides a thorough and bottom-up exploration of the whole NoC design space in a coherent and uniform fashion, from low-level router, buffer and topology implementations, to routing and flow control schemes, to co-optimizations of NoC and high-level programming paradigms.This textbook is intended for an advanced course on computer architecture, suitable for graduate students or senior undergrads who want to specialize in the area of computer architecture and Networks-on-Chip. It is also intended for practitioners in the industry in the area of microprocessor design, especially the many-core processor design with a network-on-chip. Graduates can learn many practical and theoretical lessons from this course, and also can be motivated to delve further into the ideas and designs proposed in this book. Industrial engineers can refer to this book to make practical tradeoffs as well. Graduates and engineers who focus on off-chip network design can also refer to this book to achieve deadlock-free routing algorithm designs."

"The availability of power plants is of utmost importance in a power system. The availlability of a power plant is determined by its reliability and maintainability, which results from the plant’s maintenance program. Commonly used maintenance techniques for power plants include reliability-centered maintenance (RCM), risk-based maintenance (RBM), and condition-based maintenance (CBM) as well as their combination. This study aims to analyze the respective system availability that results from each of the three maintenance techniques and examines the system availability of the integrated maintenance technique, which is based on reliability, risk, and condition. The availability analysis is performed by developing a mathematical model based on the maintenance programs produced by each maintenance technique. The availabilities of the RCM, RBM, CBM, and integrated maintenance techniques are 81.56%, 81.02%, 84.92%, and 90.07%, respectively."