Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Stress, high blood pressure, smoking, pollution, fast foods, overweight, excessive travelling, surgery, less movement are common features in our modern life. These features are risky for blood clotting disorders. According to WHO, over 29% of the total mortalities worldwide are due to thrombosis. By the year, 2020 cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) may cause an estimated 25 million deaths per year, thus antithrombotic therapy is of great interest.The available thrombolytic agents such as urokinase are highly expensive, antigenic, quite unspecific, pyretogenic and hemorrhagenic. Therefore, the production of fibrinolysing enzymes, which rapidly dissolute thrombi within the vascular tree, without the detriments by microorganisms, as described in this book, is the desirable aim of today’s research."

"Lipoprotein (a) adalah suatu lipoprotein plasma yang mempunyai struktur dan komposisi yang mirip dengan lipoprotein berdensitas rendah (LDL) dengan tambahan apo(a) yang terikat pada apo B100. Struktur apo(a) mirip dengan plasminogen, suatu proenzim dalam sistem fibrinolitik. Oleh karena kemiripan ini, diduga Lp(a) dapat menghambat aktivitas plasminogen dan menurunkan aktivitas fibrinolitik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa penambahan Lp(a) ke dalam plasma normal dapat menghambat aktivitas fibrinolitik.Subyek penelitian terdiri atas 4 orang sehat dengan kadar fibrinogen, aktivitas plasminogen dan masa lisis bekuan euglobulin dalam batas normal. Pada percobaan pertama, penambahan Lp(a) dilakukan sebelum sentrifugasi untuk memperoleh endapan euglobulin, sedang pada percobaan kedua Lp(a) ditambahkan pada endapan euglobulin. Sebagai kontrol, masa lisis bekuan euglobulin dikerjakan pada plasma yang ditambahkan NaCl 0,9% dengan volume yang sama seperti Lp(a).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada percobaan pertama tidak ada bekuan yang terbentuk. Diduga Lp(a) dapat mengikat fibrinogen dan keduanya berada di supernatan, sehingga tidak ada fibrinogen dalam endapan euglobulin yang dapat dibekukan oleh trombin. Pada percobaan kedua, sampai hari ke empat bekuan belum lisis. Kesimpulan: Penambahan Lp(a) ke dalam plasma normal dapat menghambat aktivitas sistem fibrinolitik. (Med J Indones 2004; 13: 135-9)

---

Lipoprotein(a) is a plasma lipoprotein whose structure and composition are similar with low density lipoprotein (LDL) with an addition of apo(a) that is bound to apo B100. The structure of apo(a) is similar with plasminogen, a proenzym in fibrinolytic system. Due to this similarity, it is assumed that Lp(a) can inhibit plasminogen activity and decreases fibrinolytic activity. The purpose of this study is to prove that addition of Lp(a) to normal plasma can inhibit fibrinolytic activity.

Four healthy people whose fibrinogen levels, plasminogen activities and euglobulin clot lysis time were within normal range were enrolled in this study. Fibrinolytic activity were assessed by euglobulin clot lysis time (ECLT). In the first experiment, the addition of Lp(a) was done before centrifugation to obtain euglobulin precipitates, while in the second experiment, Lp(a) was added to the euglobulin precipitates. As a control, ECLT was performed in the plasma with the addition of NaCl 0.9% in the same volume with Lp(a).

The results of the study showed that in the first experiment, there was no clot formation. It is assumed that Lp(a) can bind fibrinogen and both of them floated in the supernatant, so there was no fibrinogen in the euglobulin precipitate that can be clotted by thrombin. In the second experiment, the clot did not dissolve until the fourth day. In conclusion, the addition of Lp(a) to normal plasma can inhibit the activity of fibrinolytic system. (Med J Indones 2004; 13: 135-9)"

"Biofuling is the undesirable accumulation of microorganisms, plants, algae and animals on submerged structures espicially ship hulls...."

"Nowadays, the importance thing is antimicrobial phytotherapy, because of a lot of strains of pathogenic microorganisms that have become resistant to the action of antibacterial substances in concentrations with in a therapeutic range. To overcome the problem the antimicrobial of phototherapy can be used as a natural medicine. One of them that has been investigated is the fermented Pangium edule Reinw. seed kernels (kluwak). The objective of this research was to investigation the activity of oil, which was extracted from the seed kernels by methanol against three bacteria thai had been known cause skin infections; Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; and the activity of ethanol extract fermented seed kernels against three bacteria cause respiratory infections; Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Streptococcus p-hemolyticus Group A, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Oil and ethanol extract of fermented seed kernels showed antibacterial action against both of the above bacteria."

"The book discusses subjects associated with foreign compound metabolizing enzymes with emphasis on biochemical aspects, including lipophilic foreign compounds, catalytic properties, reactive intermediates, biomedical and biochemical effects, genetic polymorphisms, enzyme inducibility, enzyme modulation for health benefits, dietary related enzyme modulators, and structural characteristics of enzyme inducers. "

"In two volumes, this book elucidates the crucial mechanisms that control the dynamics of phosphoinositide conversion. Starting out from phosphatidylinositol, a chain of lipid kinases collaborates to generate the oncogenic lipid phosphatidylinositol(3,4,5)-trisphosphate. For every phosphate group added, there are specific lipid kinases – and phosphatases to remove it. Additionally, phospholipases can cleave off the inositol head group and generate poly-phosphoinositols, which act as soluble signals in the cytosol. Volume I untangles the web of these enzymes and their products, and relates them to function in health and disease. Phosphoinositide 3-kinases and 3-phosphatases have received a special focus in volume I, and recent therapeutic developments in human disease are presented along with a historical perspective illustrating the impressive progress in the field."

"Pendekatan sistem imun pada pejamu M. tuberculosismerupakan salah satu pilihan dalam pengembangan terapi tuberkulosis, terutama pada kasus tuberkulosis (TB)  resisten obat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbedaan fungsi makrofag pada penderita TB resisten obat dibandingkan dengan kontak erat yang terinfeksi laten dan sehat. Sel Monosit Darah Tepi (SMDT) diisolasi dan dikultur selama 7 hari. Fagositosis dinyatakan jika terdapat minimal satu sel darah merah domba tampak melekat pada membran makrofag. Kemampuan lisosom diperiksa dengan uji aktivitas enzim fosfatase asam. Enam pasien TB-RO dan 18 kasus kontak erat (8 TB laten;10 sehat) di RS Universitas Indonesia direkrut sebagai subjek penelitian. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas fagositosis kelompok infeksi laten lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok sehat dan TB RO (one-way ANOVA, p<0,05). Aktivitas enzim fosfatase asam lebih tinggi pada kelompok TB RO. Perbedaan fungsi makrofag ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi selanjutnya dalam terapi TB RO ataupun terapi pencegahan. 

---

The immune system approach to the host of M. tuberculosis is an option in developing tuberculosis therapy, especially in drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) cases. This study aimed to analyze the differences in macrophage function in drug-resistant TB patients compared to close contacts who were latently infected and healthy. Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell (PMBC) was isolated and cultured for seven days. Phagocytosis is expressed when at least one sheep red blood cell appears attached to the macrophage membrane. The ability of lysosomes was examined by testing the activity of the acid phosphatase enzymes. Six DR-TB patients and 18 close contact cases (8 LTBI; 10 healthy) at Universitas Indonesia Hospital were recruited as research subjects. The results showed that the phagocytosis activity of the latent infection group was higher than that of the healthy and TB RO groups (one-way ANOVA, p<0.05). Acid phosphatase activity was higher in the DR-TB group. The difference in macrophage function is expected to be a further reference in DR-TB treatment or preventive therapy."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan memurnikan enzim bromelain dari bonggol nanas (Ananas comosus) dengan metode pengendapan fraksionasi menggunakan garam ammonium sulfat, diikuti dengan dialisis dan kromatografi kolom gel filtrasi. Fraksi termurni diuji aktifitas antiplatelet dan ditentukan nilai IC50. Tahap ekstraksi menghasilkan enzim kasar dengan aktifitas spesifik 0.0059 U/mg. Tahap fraksionasi pengendapan, menghasilkan fraksi enzim dengan aktifitas spesifik tertinggi pada fraksi 50 ? 80% (ke 3) yaitu sebesar 8.2243 U/mg. Fraksi 3 setelah didialisis menghasil aktifitas spesifik sebesar 8.3118 U/mg. Proses kromatografi menggunakan Sephadex G-50 menghasil fraksi enzim dengan nilai aktifitas spesifik sebesar 8.5177 U/mg pada fraksi pertama (Kr 1). Fraksi Kr 1 diuji aktifitas spesifiknya dengan metode Born dimodifikasi dan menghasilkan persen aggregasi sebesar 70.59% dan persen inhibisi sebesar 24.34%. Nilai IC50 diperoleh sebesar 57.4040 mL/mL PRP.

---

This study aim to isolate and purify bromelain enzyme from pineapple core (Ananas Comosus) through fractional precipitation by ammonium sulfate, followed by dialysis and column chromatography gel filtration. The purest enzyme fraction is then measured it?s antiplatelet activity and IC50. Crude extract obtain through extraction gives 0.0059 U/mg specific activity. Fraction 3 from fractional precipitation gives the highest specific activity with 8.2243 U/mg and range from 50% to 80%. After dialysis, specific activity increase to 8.3118 U/mg and increased again through chromatography process to 8.5177 U/mg on fraction Kr 1. Antiplatelet activity of Kr 1 is then tested, and has 70.59 % aggregation, 24.34% inhibition and an IC50 value of 57.4040 mL/mL PRP."