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"The understanding of human nature is very important for human resource development, because that understanding will be a starting point in establishing development objectives, development strategies, method selection, and the types of media used. The main problem that has arisen so far is that the understanding of human nature is only based on the results of quantitative research, without considering the information from the Essence of the Supreme Creator of human (revelation), and consequently they are missing elements which limit the development of human resources. These studies only discuss things relating to physical, psychological, and social aspects; while important things such as the human creation process and its purpose, humanity's status before God, its potential and its development have not received enough attention. To find answers to the above shortcomings, qualitative research utilizing document study techniques of Quranic main verses relating to humanity was conducted. It was conducted using maudhu'i interpretation, namely by studying verses which are related to humanity through the understanding of the interpreters of the Quran. It was revealed that humans do not exist by themselves. There is a creator that is God The Almighty. The purpose of human creation is to worship Him till the end of his life. Humans can not determine the result of their own efforts because their lives partly still depend on God's permission. Human life is not only here and now, but there will be a life hereafter, where humans will receive the rewards of what they do during their life in the world. Some characteristics which differentiate humans from other creatures were also found. From the beginning of their creation they are equipped with "faith"; there is the mind which allows man to be able to distinguish between right and wrong, and the conscience that enables humans to know the things beyond the sensory."

"Penelitian ini merupakan suatu kajian antropologi yang bertujuan untuk menunjukkan bahwa dalam relasi pertemanan yang selama ini dianggap bebas dari persoalan struktural, ternyata dapat menunjukkan hal sebaliknya pada komunitas di dalam institusi pendidikan. Terdapat persoalan relasi struktural yang mempengaruhi skema berpikir dan bertindak santri pondok pesantren dalam menjalin hubungan satu sama lain termasuk hubungan pertemanan. Persoalan itu muncul karena adanya konflik lintas angkatan yang memunculkan sentimen angkatan sehingga terbentuk jarak sosial antar angkatan. Akibatnya terdapat batasan-batasan bagi santri tentang tindakan yang mungkin dan tidak mungkin dilakukan berkaitan dengan cara mereka membentuk hubungan pertemanan. Selain itu terdapat dinamika pada proses produksi dan reproduki batasan-batasan tersebut yang menyebabkan munculnya skema berpikir dan bertindak alternatif. Hal tersebut menyebabkan terdapat ragam cara santri dalam menjalin hubungan pertemanan di antara mereka. Tulisan ini bertujuan memaparkan proses tersebut menggunakan kerangka teori habitus dan agensi agar dapat menjelaskan peran praktik keseharian santri dan juga para ustaz selaku pendidik di pesantren sebagai agen dalam proses produksi dan reproduksi skema berpikir dan bertindak yang mempengaruhi cara mereka menjalin hubungan satu sama lain. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif dan menggunakan pendekatan etnografi dengan cara observasi partisipatoris serta wawancara mendalam.

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This research is an anthropological study which aims to show that in friendship relations that have been considered free from structural problems, it turns out that it can show the opposite to the community within educational institutions. There is a strucutal issue that influencing santris scheme of thought and actions in their way to making friendship. That issue is a result of conflict between santris which creates sentiment between santri batches and creates social gap among them. As a result, there are boundaries about what kind of action is possible and what is not when they are developing friendship. At the same time, there is dynamic in the production and reproduction of such boundaries that brings up alternative schemes of thought and actions. It caused varities in the way santris develop friendship. This paper presents that process using habitus and agency theoritical framework to explain the role of santris as agents in the production and reproduction of their schemes of thought and actions that influence their way of action in making relations between them. This research used qualitative method and ethnographic approach with participative observation and deep interviews."