Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 merupakan fungi yang mampu menghasilkan senyawa metabolit sekunder berupa lovastatin. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi urea terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin. Proses fermentasi menggunakan konsentrasi inokulum Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 sebesar 1,96% (v/v) dalam medium Czapek?s Dox Broth (CDB) modifikasi dengan variasi konsentrasi urea (0 mM, 33 mM, 42 mM, 50 mM, 58 mM, dan 67 mM) dan inkubasi selama 7 hari pada suhu ruang (27--300C) dengan kecepatan agitasi 90 rpm. Ekstrak hasil fermentasi dalam etil asetat diuji terhadap Candida albicans UICC Y-29 menggunakan metode difusi agar cara cakram. Ekstrak hasil fermentasi dari konsentrasi urea 42 mM mempunyai indeks penghambatan rata-rata tertinggi sebesar 0,54 ± 0,15. Hasil Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) menunjukkan bahwa nilai Rf ekstrak hasil fermentasi dari konsentrasi urea 42 mM sama dengan lovastatin standar, yaitu 0,42 yang mengindikasikan ekstrak mengandung lovastatin. Uji Least Significant Difference (LSD) (P < 0,05) menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan nyata variasi konsentrasi urea terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pemberian variasi konsentrasi urea berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin.

---

Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 is capable of producing secondary metabolites such as lovastatin. The study aims to determine the effect of variations of urea concentration on the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. The fermentation process using 1.96% (v/v) inoculum concentration of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 in the Czapek?s Dox Broth (CDB) medium modified with urea concentration variations (0 mM, 33 mM, 42 mM, 50 mM, 58 mM, and 67 mM) and incubated for 7 days at room temperature (27--30 °C) with agitation speed of 90 rpm. Ethyl acetate extracts were tested against Candida albicans UICC Y-29 using agar disc diffusion method. The extract from fermentation medium of 42 mM urea has the highest average of inhibition index of 0.54 ± 0.15.

Results of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) showed that the extract from fermentation medium of 42 mM urea has the same Rf value with lovastatin standard Rf 0.42 which indicated that the extract contained lovastatin. Least Significant Difference (LSD) test showed that there were significant difference in the urea concentration variation in the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. It shows that variation of urea concentrations affect the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi molase terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin. Proses fermentasi dilakukan dalam medium Czapek?s Dox Broth (CDB) modifikasi dengan perlakuan variasi konsentrasi molase (0 g/L, 55 g/L, 60 g/L, 65 g/L, 70 g/L, 75 g/L, 80 g/L, dan 85 g/L) selama 7 hari pada suhu ruang (27--30˚C) dengan kecepatan agitasi 90 rpm. Ekstraksi senyawa lovastatin dilakukan dengan pelarut etil asetat. Pengujian ekstrak lovastatin dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar cara cakram terhadap Candida albicans UICC Y-29. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata indeks penghambatan tertinggi sebesar 0,49 ± 0,07 diperoleh dari ekstrak lovastatin dengan perlakuan molase 70 g/L. Analisis uji Least Significant Difference (LSD) (P < 0,05) menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh nyata perlakuan konsentrasi molase terhadap kemampuan A. flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin. Analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif lovastatin dengan Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi (KCKT) menunjukkan keberadaan senyawa lovastatin pada perlakuan molase 70 g/L dengan waktu retensi sama dengan lovastatin standar, yaitu 4,5 menit dengan kadar 1,1 mg/L.

---

This research was carried out to determine the effect of concentration variation of molasses on the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. The fermentation process was carried out using Czapek's Dox Broth (CDB) containing variation of molasses concentrations (0 g /L, 55 g /L, 60 g/L, 65 g/L, 70 g/L, 75 g/L, 80 g/L, and 85 g/L) for 7 days at room temperature (27--30˚C) with agitation speed of 90 rpm. Extraction of lovastatin was done with ethyl acetate solvent. Lovastatin extracts were tested using agar disc diffusion method against Candida albicans UICC Y-29. The result revealed that the highest inhibition index of 0.49 ± 0.07 was obtained from lovastatin extracts-treated molasses 70 g/L. Analysis using Least Significant Difference (LSD) (P < 0.05) indicated that there was significant difference on the ability of A. flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin at different molasses concentration. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of lovastatin using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) proved that lovastatin was present at 70 g/L molasses with the same retention time to lovastatin standard, which was 4.5 minutes, at concentration of 1.1 mg/L."

"Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 has been reported to produce lovastatin. This research was carried out to determine the effect of concentration variation of glucose technical grade on the ability of A. flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. The fermentation process was carried out using inoculum 2% (v/v) modified Czapek's Dox Broth (CDB). Variation of glucose technical grade concentration used were 0 g/L, 5 g/L, 10 g/L, 15 g/L, 20 g/L, 25 g/L, 30 g/L and 35 g/L. Fermentation was carried out for 6 days at room temperature (27--30ºC) with agitation speed of 90 rpm. Extraction of lovastatin was done with ethyl acetate solvent. The extract was assayed by disk diffusion method against Candida albicans UICC Y-29. The results revealed that the fermentation extract on glucose technical grade at 15 g/L showed the highest inhibition index of 0.77 ± 0.09. Analysis using Least Significant Difference (LSD) (P < 0.05) showed there was significant difference on the ability of A. flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin at different glucose technical grade concentration. High Performance of Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) showed that concentration of 15 g/L glucose technical grade had the same retention time with standard lovastatin at 4.52 minutes and 54.2 mg/L concentration."

"Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 merupakan fungi yang mampu menghasilkan senyawa metabolit sekunder berupa lovastatin. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi urea terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin. Proses fermentasi menggunakan konsentrasi inokulum Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 sebesar 1,96% (v/v) dalam medium Czapek’s Dox Broth (CDB) modifikasi dengan variasi konsentrasi urea (0 mM, 33 mM, 42 mM, 50 mM, 58 mM, dan 67 mM) dan inkubasi selama 7 hari pada suhu ruang (27--300C) dengan kecepatan agitasi 90 rpm. Ekstrak hasil fermentasi dalam etil asetat diuji terhadap Candida albicans UICC Y-29 menggunakan metode difusi agar cara cakram. Ekstrak hasil fermentasi dari konsentrasi urea 42 mM mempunyai indeks penghambatan rata-rata tertinggi sebesar 0,54 ± 0,15. Hasil Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) menunjukkan bahwa nilai Rf ekstrak hasil fermentasi dari konsentrasi urea 42 mM sama dengan lovastatin standar, yaitu 0,42 yang mengindikasikan ekstrak mengandung lovastatin. Uji Least Significant Difference (LSD) (P < 0,05) menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan nyata variasi konsentrasi urea terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pemberian variasi konsentrasi urea berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin.

---

Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 is capable of producing secondary metabolites such as lovastatin. The study aims to determine the effect of variations of urea concentration on the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. The fermentation process using 1.96% (v/v) inoculum concentration of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 in the Czapek’s Dox Broth (CDB) medium modified with urea concentration variations (0 mM, 33 mM, 42 mM, 50 mM, 58 mM, and 67 mM) and incubated for 7 days at room temperature (27--30 °C) with agitation speed of 90 rpm. Ethyl acetate extracts were tested against Candida albicans UICC Y-29 using agar disc diffusion method. The extract from fermentation medium of 42 mM urea has the highest average of inhibition index of 0.54 ± 0.15. Results of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) showed that the extract from fermentation medium of 42 mM urea has the same Rf value with lovastatin standard Rf 0.42 which indicated that the extract contained lovastatin. Least Significant Difference (LSD) test showed that there were significant differences in the urea concentration variation in the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. It shows that variation of urea concentrations affect the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin."

"ABSTRAKAspergillus flavus UICC 360 telah diketahui mampu menghasilkan lovastatinpada fermentasi menggunakan sumber nitrogen NaNO3. Penelitian bertujuanuntuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi NH4NO3 terhadap kemampuankapang tersebut dalam menghasilkan lovastatin. Fermentasi menggunakanmedium Czapek’s Dox Broth modifikasi dengan variasi konsentrasi NH4NO3 (0mM; 25,00 mM; 31,25 mM; 37,50 mM; 43,75 mM; dan 50,00 mM). Aspergillusflavus UICC 360 dengan konsentrasi inokulum sebesar 1,96% (v/v)diinokulasikan ke dalam medium, kemudian diagitasi 90 rpm, pada suhu ruang(27o--30oC) selama 7 hari untuk mendapatkan ekstrak hasil fermentasi. Pengujianekstrak lovastatin di dalam etil asetat dilakukan terhadap Candida albicans UICCY-29 dengan metode difusi agar cara cakram. Ekstrak hasil fermentasi denganperlakuan 37,50 mM NH4NO3 menunjukkan indeks penghambatan tertinggi, yaitusebesar 0,84 ± 0,07. Hasil Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) ekstrak hasilfermentasi perlakuan 25,00 mM NH4NO3 dan 37,50 mM NH4NO3 memiliki Rf(0,45), perlakuan 31,25 mM NH4NO3 dan 43,75 mM NH4NO3 memiliki Rf (0,47),sedangkan nilai Rf perlakuan 50 mM NH4NO3 (0,48). Nilai Rf ekstrak hasilfermentasi tersebut hampir sama dengan Rf lovastatin standar, yaitu (0,46),sehingga mengindikasikan adanya senyawa lovastatin di dalam ekstrak. Hasil ujiperbandingan berganda Least Significant Differences (LSD) (P < 0,05)menunjukkan adanya pengaruh nyata pemberian variasi konsentrasi NH4NO3terhadap kemampuan A. flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin.

---

ABSTRACTAspergillus flavus UICC 360 has been reported to produce lovastatin infermentation by using nitrogen source such as NaNO3. The research aims todetermine the effect of variations of NH4NO3 concentration on the ability of A.flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. Fermentation was carried out by usingCzapek's Dox Broth modified with variations of NH4NO3 concentration (0 mM;25.00 mM; 31.25 mM; 37.50 mM; 43.75 mM; and 50.00 mM). Aspergillus flavusUICC 360 with inoculum concentration of 1.96% (v/v) was inoculated into themedium and then agitated 90 rpm, at room temperature (27o--30oC) for 7 days toobtain the fermentation extract. Extract in ethyl acetate was tested with a discdiffusion method against Candida albicans UICC Y-29. The extract from thefermentation using 37.50 mM NH4NO3 showed the highest inhibition index 0.84± 0.07. The results of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) of extract from thefermentation of using 25.00 mM NH4NO3 and 37.50 mM NH4NO3 have Rf (0.45),31.25 mM NH4NO3 and 43.75 mM NH4NO3 have Rf (0.47), and 50 mM NH4NO3have Rf (0.48). The Rf value of extracts have nearly similiar with a lovastatinstandard 0.46 which indicated there was lovastatin in the extract. The results ofLeast Significant Differences (LSD) (P <0.05) showed there was a significanteffect of NH4NO3 concentration variation in the ability of A. flavus UICC 360 toproduce lovastatin."

"ABSTRAKAspergillus flavus UICC 360 koleksi Universitas Indonesia Culture Collection (UICC) telah diteliti dan diuji mampu menghasilkan lovastatin. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi amonium sulfat (0 mM, 15,15 mM, 18,94 mM, 22,73 mM, 26,52 mM, dan 30,30 mM) sebagai sumber nitrogen terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 menghasilkan lovastatin. Fermentasi menggunakan 1,96% (v/v) inokulum sel kapang selama 7 hari pada medium Czapek?s Dox Broth modifikasi dalam suhu ruang (27--30oC) dengan pengocokan 90 rpm. Ekstrak dalam etil asetat diuji terhadap Candida albicans UICC Y-29 dengan metode difusi agar cara cakram. Ekstrak hasil fermentasi dari perlakuan 22,73 mM amonium sulfat memiliki kemampuan tertinggi menghambat Candida albicans UICC Y-29 dengan indeks penghambatan rata-rata 0,94 ± 0,06. Hasil Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak hasil fermentasi perlakuan amonium sulfat 15,15 mM memiliki nilai Rf sama dengan lovastatin standar sebesar 0,48. Ekstrak hasil fermentasi perlakuan amonium sulfat 18,94 mM, 22,73 mM, 26,52 mM, dan 30,30 mM memiliki nilai Rf hampir sama dengan nilai Rf lovastatin standar. Hasil KLT tersebut dapat mengindikasikan ekstrak mengandung lovastatin. Uji Least Significant Difference (LSD) (P<0,05) menunjukkan ada perbedaan nyata variasi konsentrasi amonium sulfat terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 menghasilkan lovastatin. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh variasi konsentrasi amonium sulfat terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin.

---

ABSTRACTThe ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin had been shown in previous study. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of variation in ammonium sulphate concentration at 0 mM, 15.15 mM, 18.94 mM, 22.73 mM, 26.52 mM, and 30.30 mM toward the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 in producing lovastatin. Fermentation was carried out by using 1.96% (v/v) of inoculum in modified Czapek?s Dox Broth for seven days at room temperature (27--30oC) with 90 rpm agitation. The extract in ethyl acetate was tested by disk diffusion method against Candida albicans UICC Y-29. The extract from fermentation of 22.73 mM ammonium sulphate showed the highest inhibition index of 0.94 ± 0.06. The result of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) showed that extract from fermentation of 15.15 mM ammonium sulphate had similar Rf value with lovastatin standard. Meanwhile, extract from fermentation of 18.94 mM, 22.73 mM, 26.52 mM, and 30.30 mM ammonium sulphate had nearly similar Rf value with lovastatin standard. The TLC result indicated that the extract contained lovastatin. Least Significant Difference test (LSD) (P<0.05) showed there was significant difference of variation in ammonium sulphate concentration toward the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. The result of this study showed that the variation in ammonium sulphate concentration affect the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 in producing lovastatin."

"ABSTRAK Tesis ini bertujuan menilai perbandingan efektivitas injeksi intravitrealvorikonazol 100 µg/0.1 mL dengan amfoterisin B 5 µg/0.1 mL pada endoftalmitisakibat Aspergillus flavus di hewan coba kelinci. Uji eksperimental tersamar acakdilakukan pada 15 kelinci albino New Zealand white yang terbagi menjadi tigakelompok, yaitu kelompok vorikonazol, amfoterisin B, dan kontrol. Parameteryang dinilai adalah perubahan klinis, pemeriksaan mikologi, dan perubahanhistopatologi jaringan. Perubahan skor klinis di akhir evaluasi tidak berbedabermakna antara kelompok vorikonazol dengan amfoterisin B, namun respons klinis cenderung lebih baik pada kelompok vorikonazol. Jumlah koloni jamur terkecil dan berbeda bermakna didapatkan pada kelompok amfoterisin B. Tidakdidapatkan perbedaan bermakna pada rerata nilai histopatologi jaringan keduakelompok, namun derajat inflamasi cenderung lebih ringan pada kelompok vorikonazol.ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacies of intravitreal 100 µg voriconazole and 5 µg amphotericin B treatment against Aspergillus flavus in anexogenous endophthalmitis model in rabbit eyes. A randomized, controlledexperimentalstudy was conducted on 15 albino New Zealand white rabbits, which latter allocated into three differenttreatment group of voriconazole, amphotericin B, and control. Clinical grading were performed at multiple times, while mycology analysis and histopathological examination were performed at 10 daysafter treatment. No significant change in clinical grading was found between the treatment group, but voriconazole group showed better response tendency. The smallest number of fungal colony forming unit was found significantly in theamphotericin B group. No significant difference was found, however, between the mean histopathological score of the two treatment groups, but the tendency of a lower inflammation score was shown in voriconazole group. ;The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacies of intravitreal 100 µgvoriconazole and 5 µg amphotericin B treatment against Aspergillus flavus in anexogenous endophthalmitis model in rabbit eyes. A randomized, controlledexperimentalstudywasconductedon15albinoNewZealandwhiterabbits,whichlatterallocatedintothreedifferenttreatmentgroupofvoriconazole,amphotericinB,and control. Clinical grading were performed at multiple times, whilemycology analysis and histopathological examination were performed at 10 daysafter treatment. No significant change in clinical grading was found between the treatment group, but voriconazole group showed better response tendency. The smallest number of fungal colony forming unit was found significantly in theamphotericin B group. No significant difference was found, however, between themean histopathological score of the two treatment groups, but the tendency of a lower inflammation score was shown in voriconazole group. ;The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacies of intravitreal 100 µgvoriconazole and 5 µg amphotericin B treatment against Aspergillus flavus in anexogenous endophthalmitis model in rabbit eyes. A randomized, controlledexperimentalstudywasconductedon15albinoNewZealandwhiterabbits,whichlatterallocatedintothreedifferenttreatmentgroupofvoriconazole,amphotericinB,and control. Clinical grading were performed at multiple times, whilemycology analysis and histopathological examination were performed at 10 daysafter treatment. No significant change in clinical grading was found between the treatment group, but voriconazole group showed better response tendency. The smallest number of fungal colony forming unit was found significantly in theamphotericin B group. No significant difference was found, however, between themean histopathological score of the two treatment groups, but the tendency of a lower inflammation score was shown in voriconazole group. ;The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacies of intravitreal 100 µgvoriconazole and 5 µg amphotericin B treatment against Aspergillus flavus in anexogenous endophthalmitis model in rabbit eyes. A randomized, controlledexperimentalstudywasconductedon15albinoNewZealandwhiterabbits,whichlatterallocatedintothreedifferenttreatmentgroupofvoriconazole,amphotericinB,and control. Clinical grading were performed at multiple times, whilemycology analysis and histopathological examination were performed at 10 daysafter treatment. No significant change in clinical grading was found between the treatment group, but voriconazole group showed better response tendency. The smallest number of fungal colony forming unit was found significantly in theamphotericin B group. No significant difference was found, however, between themean histopathological score of the two treatment groups, but the tendency of a lower inflammation score was shown in voriconazole group. "

"ABSTRAK Waktu inkubasi tnerupakan salah satu inasalah pentingdalam proses ferinentasi enzim, yang diperlukan untukineinperoleh aktivitas enzim yang tinggi.Penelitian .ini bertujuan inembandingkan aktivitasglukoainilase Aspergillus awainori UICC 314 pada 8 variasiwaktu inkubasi, yaitu 16, 18, 20, 24, 28, 30, 36, dan 42jam serta inencari waktu inkubasi yang optimal untukpeinanenan enzim.Pada proses fermentasi digunakan medium Sakaiinodifikasi. Pengujian aktivitas glukoainiiase dilakukandengan inetoda Nishise dkk. modifikasi. Aktivitasgiukoamilase dinyatakan dalam satuan unit/mi. Satu unitaktjvitas glukoamilase setara dengan satu pmol giukosayang dilepas per menit. Pengukuran kadar glukosadilakukan dengan inetoda Somogyi-Nelson.Hasil pengujian statistik menunjukkan adanyaperbedaan aktivitas giukoatnilase A. awainori UICC 314antara waktu inkubasi 16 jam dengan 18, 20, 24, 28, 30,36, dn 42 jam; 18 jam dengan 20, 24, 28, 30, 36; dan 42jam; 20 jam dengan 24, 28, 30, 36, dan 42 jam; 24 jamdengan 28, 30, 36, dan 42 jam; 28 jam dengan 30, 36, dan42 jam; 36 jam dengan 42 jam. Aktivitas giukoamilasetertinggi diperoleh pada waktu inkubasi 16 jam.viii + 57 him; gbr.; lamp.; tab."

"Minyak sel tunggal dianggap sebagai sumber minyak alternatif yang menjanjikan karena komposisinya mirip dengan asam lemak minyak nabati. Akan tetapi, biaya tinggi dalam media kultur membuat minyak sel tunggal kurang kompetitif secara ekonomi. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan pemanfaatan minyak jelantah sebagai alternatif substrat pertumbuhan kapang Aspergillus niger dalam menghasilkan lipid untuk mengurangi biaya produksi. Penelitian ini juga mengkaji pengaruh variasi kondisi kultur terhadap yield lipid yang dihasilkan. Ekstraksi lipid dilakukan menggunakan metode Bligh Dyer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan yield lipid optimum didapatkan sebesar 52,76%.

---

Single cell oil is considered as a promising alternative source of oil since fatty acid composition similar to vegetable oil. However, the high cost of the culture medium make single cell oil less economically competitive. In this study, conducted the utilization of used cooking oil as an alternative substrate culture of Aspergillus niger in producing lipids to reduce production costs. This study also examines the influence of variations in the conditions of inoculation against yield lipid. Lipid extraction will be performed using the method of Bligh Dyer. The results showed the optimum yield lipid obtained was 52.76%."