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"[Pengetahuan masyarakat yang minim tentang HIV/AIDS dan interpretasi yang salah tentang masalah tersebut merupakan salah satu faktor penyebab rendahnya penurunan jumlah kasus orang dengan HIV/AIDS. Perlakuan tidak adil, kasar, dan stigma yang negatif membuat ODHA tidak mau memberanikan dirinya untuk terbuka bahkan untuk mengakses pengobatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui determinan pada wanita pernah kawin usia 15-49 tahun yang berhubungan dengan stigma terhadap orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian jenis deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini adalah wanita pernah kawin usia 15-49 tahun yang pernah mendengar HIV/AIDS dalam data SDKI 2012. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan uji statistik chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara umur yang lebih muda dalam memberi stigma terhadap ODHA daripada umur yang lebih tua. Semakin rendah pendidikan seseorang semakin besar kemungkinan untuk memberi stigma terhadap ODHA. Selain itu, pengetahuan komprehensif mengenai HIV/AIDS yang kurang juga dapat menyebabkan seseorang menstigma ODHA. Hasil uji chi-square didapatkan proporsi wilayah pedesaan lebih memberi stigma terhadap ODHA daripada wilayah perkotaan. Pemanfaatan sumber informasi juga sangat berpengaruh dalam memberi stigma terhadap ODHA, responden dengan sumber informasi ≤ 3 jenis cenderung memberi stigma terhadap ODHA. Status ekonomi rendah juga cenderung memberi stigma terhadap ODHA. Upaya keterlibatan seluruh stakeholder untuk peningkatan keterpaparan informasi sebagai upaya promotif dan preventif dengan penyebaran informasi tentang HIV/AIDS melalui media massa, khususnya melalui koran, radio, dan televisi lokal.;A low level of knowledge about HIV / AIDS and incorrect interpretation is one of the factors causing low reduction in the cases of people living with HIV / AIDS (PLWHA). The unfair treatment, rude, and the negative stigma made people living with HIV did not want to encourage their self for an open and even to access the treatment. This research aims to determine of ever married women aged 15-49 years were associated with the stigma against people living with HIV / AIDS. This research is descriptive analytic with cross-sectional design. Samples were ever married women aged 15-49 years who have heard of HIV / AIDS in the data IDHS 2012. The analysis used in this research is univariate and bivariate by chi-square test. The results showed there is a relationship between a younger age in giving stigma against people living with HIV than older age. The lower of educational more likely for giving stigma against people living with HIV. Additionally, a lower comprehensive knowledge about HIV / AIDS also one of causes a person stigmatize people living with HIV. Chi-square test results obtained proportion of rural areas is giving the stigma against people living with HIV than in urban areas. The utilization of resources was also very influential in giving stigma against people living with HIV, respondents with less resources than 3 types tend to give stigmatize. Lower economic status also tend to stigmatize people living with HIV. Attemps to increase the involvement of all stakeholders of exposure information as promotive and preventive efforts to dissemination of information about HIV / AIDS through the mass media, particularly through newspapers, radio and local television.;A low level of knowledge about HIV / AIDS and incorrect interpretation is one of the factors causing low reduction in the cases of people living with HIV / AIDS (PLWHA). The unfair treatment, rude, and the negative stigma made people living with HIV did not want to encourage their self for an open and even to access the treatment. This research aims to determine of ever married women aged 15-49 years were associated with the stigma against people living with HIV / AIDS. This research is descriptive analytic with cross-sectional design. Samples were ever married women aged 15-49 years who have heard of HIV / AIDS in the data IDHS 2012. The analysis used in this research is univariate and bivariate by chi-square test. The results showed there is a relationship between a younger age in giving stigma against people living with HIV than older age. The lower of educational more likely for giving stigma against people living with HIV. Additionally, a lower comprehensive knowledge about HIV / AIDS also one of causes a person stigmatize people living with HIV. Chi-square test results obtained proportion of rural areas is giving the stigma against people living with HIV than in urban areas. The utilization of resources was also very influential in giving stigma against people living with HIV, respondents with less resources than 3 types tend to give stigmatize. Lower economic status also tend to stigmatize people living with HIV. Attemps to increase the involvement of all stakeholders of exposure information as promotive and preventive efforts to dissemination of information about HIV / AIDS through the mass media, particularly through newspapers, radio and local television.;A low level of knowledge about HIV / AIDS and incorrect interpretation is one of the factors causing low reduction in the cases of people living with HIV / AIDS (PLWHA). The unfair treatment, rude, and the negative stigma made people living with HIV did not want to encourage their self for an open and even to access the treatment. This research aims to determine of ever married women aged 15-49 years were associated with the stigma against people living with HIV / AIDS. This research is descriptive analytic with cross-sectional design. Samples were ever married women aged 15-49 years who have heard of HIV / AIDS in the data IDHS 2012. The analysis used in this research is univariate and bivariate by chi-square test. The results showed there is a relationship between a younger age in giving stigma against people living with HIV than older age. The lower of educational more likely for giving stigma against people living with HIV. Additionally, a lower comprehensive knowledge about HIV / AIDS also one of causes a person stigmatize people living with HIV. Chi-square test results obtained proportion of rural areas is giving the stigma against people living with HIV than in urban areas. The utilization of resources was also very influential in giving stigma against people living with HIV, respondents with less resources than 3 types tend to give stigmatize. Lower economic status also tend to stigmatize people living with HIV. Attemps to increase the involvement of all stakeholders of exposure information as promotive and preventive efforts to dissemination of information about HIV / AIDS through the mass media, particularly through newspapers, radio and local television., A low level of knowledge about HIV / AIDS and incorrect interpretation is one of the factors causing low reduction in the cases of people living with HIV / AIDS (PLWHA). The unfair treatment, rude, and the negative stigma made people living with HIV did not want to encourage their self for an open and even to access the treatment. This research aims to determine of ever married women aged 15-49 years were associated with the stigma against people living with HIV / AIDS. This research is descriptive analytic with cross-sectional design. Samples were ever married women aged 15-49 years who have heard of HIV / AIDS in the data IDHS 2012. The analysis used in this research is univariate and bivariate by chi-square test. The results showed there is a relationship between a younger age in giving stigma against people living with HIV than older age. The lower of educational more likely for giving stigma against people living with HIV. Additionally, a lower comprehensive knowledge about HIV / AIDS also one of causes a person stigmatize people living with HIV. Chi-square test results obtained proportion of rural areas is giving the stigma against people living with HIV than in urban areas. The utilization of resources was also very influential in giving stigma against people living with HIV, respondents with less resources than 3 types tend to give stigmatize. Lower economic status also tend to stigmatize people living with HIV. Attemps to increase the involvement of all stakeholders of exposure information as promotive and preventive efforts to dissemination of information about HIV / AIDS through the mass media, particularly through newspapers, radio and local television.]"

"Stigma dan sikap diskriminatif terhadap ODHA merupakan sikap negatif masyarakat yang bersifat merendahkan dan menghambat kehidupan ODHA. Diperlukan pengurangan stigma dan sikap diskriminatif di masyarakat agar pencegahan dan pengendalian HIV/AIDS dapat berjalan optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pemberian stigma dan sikap diskriminatif terhadap ODHA pada masyarakat berstatus kawin dan hidup bersama. Pendekatan potong-lintang dilakukan dengan menggunakan data SDKI 2017 pada 34.950 responden. Nilai asosiasi pemberian stigma dan sikap diskriminatif menggunakan prevalence ratio (PR) dan 95% confidence interval (CI). Dari seluruh responden didapatkan 22.419 (64,1%) memiliki stigma dan sikap diskriminatif terhadap ODHA. Faktor-faktor yang memiliki hubungan dengan stigma dan sikap diskriminatif terhadap ODHA yaitu usia (POR: 1,08; 95% CI: 1,048 – 1,112), tingkat pendidikan (POR: 1,037; 95% CI: 1,004 – 1,07), pengetahuan komprehensif HIV/AIDS (POR: 1,26; 95% CI: 1,23 – 1,3), keterpaparan informasi HIV/AIDS (POR: 1,07; 95% CI: 1,04 – 1,1), pengaruh pasangan terkait HIV/AIDS (POR: 1,03; 95% CI: 1 – 1,06), dan pengaruh emosional terkait HIV/AIDS (POR: 1,5; 95% CI: 1,42 – 1,57). Dibutuhkan pendekatan komprehensif dari segala pihak untuk mengurangi stigma dan sikap diskriminatif terhadap ODHA berupa edukasi dan penyebaran informasi yang merata mengenai HIV/AIDS serta pemberdayaan bagi ODHA.

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Stigma and discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA is a negative attitude of society that degrading and inhibits life of PLWHA. It is necessary to reduce stigma and discriminatory attitude in community to run HIV/AIDS prevention and control optimally. This study aims to identify factors that influence stigma and discriminatory attitudes towards PLWHA among married society and living together. The cross-sectional approach was carried out using the IDHS 2017 data with 34,950 respondents. Association between stigma and discriminatory attitudes was estimated through the prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). From all respondents, 22,419 (64.1%) have stigma and discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA. Factors associated with stigma and discriminatory attitudes towards PLWHA are age (POR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.048 – 1.112), education level (POR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.004 – 1.07), comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS (POR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.23 – 1.3), exposure to HIV/AIDS information (POR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.04 – 1.1), partner influence related to HIV/AIDS (POR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1 – 1.06), and emotional influence related to HIV/AIDS (POR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.42 – 1.57). There should be a comprehensive approach from all parties to reduce the stigma and discriminatory attitudes towards PLWHA such as educational and equitable information dissemination of HIV/AIDS and empowerment for PLWHA."

"Stigma terhadap ODHA menjadi salah satu hambatan paling besar dalam pencegahan, perawatan, pengobatan, dan dukungan HIV/AIDS. Pengetahuan mempengaruhi terjadinya stigma terhadap ODHA. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan tentang HIV/AIDS dengan stigma terhadap ODHA di kalangan remaja usia 15-19 tahun di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Survei Kesehatan dan Demografi Indonesia SDKI Tahun 2012 dengan disain cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 8.316 orang total sampling.Hasil studi menunjukkan 71,63% remaja mempunyai stigma terhadap ODHA, 49,10% remaja mempunyai pengetahuan yang kurang tentang HIV. Pengetahuan yang kurang tentang HIV/AIDS berhubungan dengan stigma terhadap ODHA (PR= 1,210 95% CI: 1,149-1,273) setelah dikontrol oleh keterpaparan media massa. Perlu dilakukan peningkatan pengetahuan tentang HIV/AIDS pada remaja guna mengurangi stigma terhadap ODHA.

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Stigma towards people living with HIV/AIDS is one of biggest obstacle in HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment, care, and support. HIV/AIDS knowledge affected stigma towards people living with HIV/AIDS. This study aimed to identify the relationship HIV/AIDS knowledge related stigma towards people living with HIV/AIDS among adolescent 15-19 years old in Indonesia. The study used Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey IDHS in 2012 with cross sectional design. Subject of the study were as many as 8.316 persons.

The result showed 71,63% adolescent had stigma towards people living with HIV/AIDS, 49,10% adolescent had lack of HIV/AIDS knowledge. Lack of HIV/AIDS knowledge were significantly related to stigma towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PR= 1,210 95% CI 1,149 1,273) after controlling exposure to mass media. Need to improve HIV/AIDS knowledge among adolescent to reduce stigma towards people living with HIV/AIDS."

"Untuk menanggulangi masalah penyakit HIV & AIDS, upaya yang sering dilakukan adalah upaya promotif, preventif, kuratif, dan rehabilitatif. Pemerintah, institusi kesehatan, maupun masyarakat kurang memperhatikan dampak sosial yang ditimbulkan dari HIV & AIDS. Salah satunya adalah stigma terhadap ODHA. Ditambah lagi dengan minimnya pengetahuan masyarakatmengenai HIV & AIDS. Penelitian ini akan menjelaskan bagaimana hubungan antara pengetahuan mengenai HIV & AIDS dengan tingkat stigma terhadap ODHA. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan teknik survey 80 orang ibu di Jakarta Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ibu dengan tingkat stigma terhadap ODHA yang tinggi, cenderung memiliki pengetahuan yang rendah mengenai HIV & AIDS. Stigma terhadap ODHA terangkum dalam empat dimensi stigma yang terukur secara empiris.

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Coping with HIV & AIDS disease, people often use some promotive, preventive, curative, and rehabilitative approaches. Goverment, health institutions, and society usually ignore about social effects of HIV & AIDS. One major problem is PLWHA stigma. In many cases, people usually lack of proper knowledge about HIV & AIDS.

This study describes the relationship between HIV & AIDS knowledge and PLWHA stigma. Using quantitative approach, this study conduct a survey of 80 woman in East Jakarta.

The result found that woman with higher PLWHA stigma tends to have a lower knowledge of HIV & AIDS. The emerging of PLWHA stigma is constructed by a well measured four stigma domain."

"Stigma merupakan salah satu masalah psikososial pada orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) yang menimbulkan dampak negatif karena dapat menghalangi ODHA untuk mencari pertolongan konseling, mendapatkan pelayanan medis dan psikososial, serta mengambil langkah preventif untuk mencegah penularan ke orang lain. Stigma yang diinternalisasi (perceived stigma) juga berhubungan dengan depresi, menurunnya kualitas hidup, serta buruknya adherens terapi pada ODHA. Berger HIV Stigma Scale merupakan intrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur perceived stigma pada ODHA. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan uji validitas (kesahihan) dan reliabilitas (kehandalan) instrumen Berger HIV Stigma Scale versi Bahasa Indonesia serta penyusunan versi singkat instrumen tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa instrumen Berger HIV Stigma Scale sahih dan handal dalam menilai perceived stigma pada populasi ODHA di Indonesia. Versi singkat instrumen juga memiliki kehandalan yang baik dan skornya berkorelasi kuat dengan versi lengkap instrumen.

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Stigma is one of the psychosocial problems in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) which generates negative impacts because it prevents them from seeking counseling, getting medical and psychosocial service, and taking steps to prevent transmission to others. Internalized stigma (perceived stigma) is also associated with depression, decreased quality of life, and poor adherence to therapy in PLWHA.

Berger HIV Stigma Scale is an instrument for measure perceived stigma in PLWHA. In this study, we perform validity and reliability testing of Indonesian version of Berger HIV and abridge this instrument.

The results of this study indicate that Berger HIV Stigma Scale valid and reliable in measuring perceived stigma in PLWHA population in Indonesia. Abridged version of that instrument also has good reliability and its scores strongly correlated with the full version of the instrument."

"Latar belakang: Saat ini Orang Dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) masih merasakan stigmadan diskriminasi dari keluarga, masyarakat, dan tenaga kesehatan walaupunperkembangan virus HIV dapat dikendalikan berkat kemajuan teknologi di bidangkesehatan. Stigma pada pelayanan kesehatan dapat menghambat ODHA untukmengakses perawatan sehingga dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup. Peningkatanpengetahuan dan paparan klinis pada mahasiswa kedokteran dapat meningkatkan sikappositif pada ODHA. Belum pernah ada penelitian besar di Indonesia terkait stigmamengenai ODHA pada tiga mahasiswa fakultas kesehatan.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif potong lintang pada 1400 mahasiswamenggunakan kuesioner tentang stigma terhadap ODHA yang pernah dipakaisebelumnya. Kuesioner ini telah diadaptasi lintas budaya ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia.Hasil: Secara keseluruhan, mahasiswa mendapatkan skor yang tinggi pada skorkeyakinan pribadi/budaya tentang HIV (68,1%), skor pengetahuan mengenai HIV(60,7%) dan skor interaksi klinis dengan pasien HIV-positif (80,9%). Terdapat perbedaanbermakna antara usia, angkatan dan fakultas dengan masing-masing subskor. Terdapathubungan yang signifikan antara total subskor dengan keyakinan pribadi/budaya tentangHIV, pengetahuan megenai HIV dan interaksi klinis dengan pasien HIV-positif.Kesimpulan: Stigma mengenai ODHA pada mayoritas mahasiswa kesehatan di RIK UIadalah rendah, namun masih ada sejumlah mahasiswa dengan stigma. Stigma mengenaiODHA pada mahasiswa dalam penelitian ini dibedakan oleh usia, asal fakultas, dan tahunmasuk

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Background: Despite advances in treatment and development of health technologies

related to HIV, People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) still experience stigma and

discrimination from family, community and health professionals. The presence of stigma

from health professionals would restrain PLWHA to gain access to treatment and

influence their quality of life. Study showed that positive attitude towards PLWHA in

medical students could be gained by improving knowledge and increasing clinical

exposure. A study on stigma towards PLWHA in health sciences students in Indonesia is

lacking. This study aims to know the stigma towards PLWHA in students in Faculties of

Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing of Universitas Indonesia.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conduct on 1400 healthcare students using an adapted questionnaire that had been used in previous study. Results: In general, students have high score in personal/culture beliefs on HIV (68.1%), knowledge (60.7%), and clinical interaction with PLWHA (80.9%). Score of each domain is significantly differed by students' age, year of university entry and faculty. The

differences in total score of the questionnaire are significantly differed by level of stigma

in personal/culture beliefs on HIV, knowledge, and clinical interaction with PLWHA.

Conclusion: This study shows that the majority students had low stigma towards

PLWHA, although there were still some students with stigma. The stigma towards

PLWHA differed by students' age, year of university entry and faculty."

"Latar belakang: Saat ini Orang Dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) masih merasakan stigma dan diskriminasi dari keluarga, masyarakat, dan tenaga kesehatan walaupun perkembangan virus HIV dapat dikendalikan berkat kemajuan teknologi di bidang kesehatan. Stigma pada pelayanan kesehatan dapat menghambat ODHA untuk mengakses perawatan sehingga dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup. Peningkatanpengetahuan dan paparan klinis pada mahasiswa kedokteran dapat meningkatkan sikap positif pada ODHA. Belum pernah ada penelitian besar di Indonesia terkait stigma mengenai ODHA pada tiga mahasiswa fakultas kesehatan. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif potong lintang pada 1400 mahasiswa menggunakan kuesioner tentang stigma terhadap ODHA yang pernah dipakai sebelumnya. Kuesioner ini telah diadaptasi lintas budaya ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Hasil: Secara keseluruhan, mahasiswa mendapatkan skor yang tinggi pada skor keyakinan pribadi/budaya tentang HIV (68,1%), skor pengetahuan mengenai HIV (60,7%) dan skor interaksi klinis dengan pasien HIV-positif (80,9%). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara usia, angkatan dan fakultas dengan masing-masing subskor. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara total subskor dengan keyakinan pribadi/budaya tentang HIV, pengetahuan megenai HIV dan interaksi klinis dengan pasien HIV-positif. Kesimpulan: Stigma mengenai ODHA pada mayoritas mahasiswa kesehatan di RIK UI adalah rendah, namun masih ada sejumlah mahasiswa dengan stigma. Stigma mengenai ODHA pada mahasiswa dalam penelitian ini dibedakan oleh usia, asal fakultas, dan tahun masuk.Background: Currently people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) still feel stigma and discrimination from their families, communities, and health workers even though the development of the HIV virus can be controlled thanks to technological advances in the health sector. Stigma in health services can prevent people living with HIV from accessing care so that it can affect their quality of life. Enhancementknowledge and clinical exposure to medical students can increase positive attitudes towards PLWHA. There has never been a major study in Indonesia related to the stigma regarding PLWHA in three health faculty students. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional descriptive study on 1400 students using a questionnaire about stigma against PLWHA that had been used before. This questionnaire has been adapted cross-culturally into Indonesian. Results: Overall, students scored highly on personal/cultural beliefs about HIV (68.1%), knowledge about HIV (60.7%) and clinical interaction scores with HIV-positive patients (80.9%) . There is a significant difference between age, class and faculty with each subscore. There is a significant relationship between the total subscore and personal/cultural beliefs about HIV, knowledge about HIV and clinical interactions with HIV-positive patients. Conclusion: Stigma regarding PLWHA in the majority of health students at RIK UI is low, but there are still a number of students with stigma. Stigma regarding PLWHA in students in this study was distinguished by age, faculty origin, and year of admission."

"Latar belakang: Saat ini Orang Dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) masih merasakan stigmadan diskriminasi dari keluarga, masyarakat, dan tenaga kesehatan walaupunperkembangan virus HIV dapat dikendalikan berkat kemajuan teknologi di bidangkesehatan. Stigma pada pelayanan kesehatan dapat menghambat ODHA untukmengakses perawatan sehingga dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup. Peningkatanpengetahuan dan paparan klinis pada mahasiswa kedokteran dapat meningkatkan sikappositif pada ODHA. Belum pernah ada penelitian besar di Indonesia terkait stigmamengenai ODHA pada tiga mahasiswa fakultas kesehatan.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif potong lintang pada 1400 mahasiswamenggunakan kuesioner tentang stigma terhadap ODHA yang pernah dipakaisebelumnya. Kuesioner ini telah diadaptasi lintas budaya ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia.Hasil: Secara keseluruhan, mahasiswa mendapatkan skor yang tinggi pada skorkeyakinan pribadi/budaya tentang HIV (68,1%), skor pengetahuan mengenai HIV(60,7%) dan skor interaksi klinis dengan pasien HIV-positif (80,9%). Terdapat perbedaanbermakna antara usia, angkatan dan fakultas dengan masing-masing subskor. Terdapathubungan yang signifikan antara total subskor dengan keyakinan pribadi/budaya tentangHIV, pengetahuan megenai HIV dan interaksi klinis dengan pasien HIV-positif.Kesimpulan: Stigma mengenai ODHA pada mayoritas mahasiswa kesehatan di RIK UIadalah rendah, namun masih ada sejumlah mahasiswa dengan stigma. Stigma mengenaiODHA pada mahasiswa dalam penelitian ini dibedakan oleh usia, asal fakultas, dan tahunmasuk.

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Background: Despite advances in treatment and development of health technologies

related to HIV, People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) still experience stigma and

discrimination from family, community and health professionals. The presence of stigma

from health professionals would restrain PLWHA to gain access to treatment and

influence their quality of life. Study showed that positive attitude towards PLWHA in

medical students could be gained by improving knowledge and increasing clinical

exposure. A study on stigma towards PLWHA in health sciences students in Indonesia is

lacking. This study aims to know the stigma towards PLWHA in students in Faculties of

Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing of Universitas Indonesia.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conduct on 1400 healthcare students

using an adapted questionnaire that had been used in previous study.

Results: In general, students have high score in personal/culture beliefs on HIV (68.1%),

knowledge (60.7%), and clinical interaction with PLWHA (80.9%). Score of each domain

is significantly differed by students' age, year of university entry and faculty. The

differences in total score of the questionnaire are significantly differed by level of stigma

in personal/culture beliefs on HIV, knowledge, and clinical interaction with PLWHA.

Conclusion: This study shows that the majority students had low stigma towards

PLWHA, although there were still some students with stigma. The stigma towards

PLWHA differed by students' age, year of university entry and faculty."

"HIV/AIDS di Indonesia semakin menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia, dan telah mengalami perubahan dari epidemik rendah menjadi epidemik terkonsentrasi. Salah satu program pencegahan dan penanggulangan HIV/AIDS adalah dengan upaya promotif berupa penyuluhan baik secara individu maupun secara kelompok untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat. Pengetahuan tentang HIV/AIDS perlu diberikan pada masyarakat dengan memperhatikan dan menyesuaikan dengan karakteristik masyarakat. Penelitian ini adalah analisis data SDKI tahun 2007 tentang faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pengetahuan tentang HIV/AIDS pada wanita usia subur di Indonesia. Variabel independen adalah karakteristik wanita usia subur (umur, status perkawinan, pendidikan, tipe daerah tempat tinggal, status ekonomi) dan keterpajanan terhadap media massa. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ada hubungan antara pengetahuan tentang HIV/AIDS dengan karakteristik wanita usia subur dan keterpajanan terhadap media massa. Wanita usia subur dengan umur 20 – 35 tahun, yang tinggal diperkotaan dan berstatus kawin, memiliki tingkat pendidikan tinggi, dan tingkat status ekonomi teratas serta terpajan terhadap media massa, memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang HIV/AIDS. Variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap pengetahuan tentang HIV/AIDS adalah variabel pendidikan tinggi (OR : 13.9, 95% CI : 10.4-18.6), semakin tinggi tingkat pendidikan seseorang maka berpeluang memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang HIV/AIDS 13.9 kali dibandingkan responden dengan tingkat pendidikan rendah. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, maka disarankan agar para kader/petugas kesehatan, perlu melakukan intervensi yang terus menerus pada kelompok masyarakat desa, dengan tingkat pendidikan rendah dan status ekonomi rendah melalui seringnya mengadakan penyuluhan tentang HIV/AIDS dengan cara penyampaian yang lugas dan mudah dipahami.

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This research had analyze the SDKI 2007 data to know the factors related to HIV/AIDS knowledge at the Indonesia young woman. The independent variable is Indonesia young woman (by age, marital status, education, life place, economic status) and the information access. The result show there is correlation between HIV/AIDS knowledge and the characteristic Indonesia young woman and the information accessibility to media information. Indonesia young woman at the age 20 – 35 years that live at the urban area, married, high education, and good access to media information have good knowledge about HIV/AIDS.

The high score that give contribution to HIV/AIDS knowledge at the Indonesia young women is the education status (OR : 13.9, 95%; CI : 10.4-18.6). More higher young woman education make their knowledge more better about HIV/AIDS. The ratio status education in the higher education 13.9 time than the lower education. Base in this result the health adviser can focus give more access information about HIV/AIDS to Indonesia young women at suburban, lower education and lower economic status."

"Penelitian ini ingin melihat pengaruh keterbukaan diri dan stigma terhadap keberfungsian keluarga pada orang dengan HIV/AIDS dalam konteks kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif, dengan menggunakan alat ukur The General Disclosiveness Scale yang dikembangkan oleh Wheeless dan Grotz untuk mengukur keterbukaan diri; alat ukur Berger HIV Stigma Scale yang dikembangkan oleh Berger, Ferrans, dan Lashley untuk mengukur stigma; dan alat ukur Family Assessment Device yang dikembangkan oleh Epstein untuk mengukur keberfungsian keluarga. Partisipan pada penelitian berjumlah 62 orang yang terinfeksi HIV/AIDS. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keterbukaan diri tidak berpengaruh terhadap keberfungsian keluarga yang dimiliki orang dengan HIV/AIDS ? = 0,78, p < 0,05 . Sedangkan stigma memiliki pengaruh negatif yang signifikan terhadap keberfungsian keluarga orang dengan HIV/AIDS ? = -0,36, p < 0,05.

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The aim of the study is to examine the effect of self disclosure and stigma towards family functioning on people living with HIV AIDS in daily context. This is uses The General Disclosiveness Scale developed by Wheeless and Grotz for self disclosure measurement Berger HIV Stigma Scale developed by Berger, Ferrans, and Lashley for stigma measurement and Family Assessment Device developed by Epstein for family functioning measurement. Participants totalled 62 people living with HIV AIDS.

Result indicated that self disclosure did not have effect to family functioning on people living with HIV AIDS 0,78, p 0,05 . However stigma have negative effect to family funtioning on people living with HIV AIDS 0,36, p 0,05."