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"Penyakit periapikal merupakan lanjutan dari penyakit pulpa akibat karies atau trauma. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai penyakit periapikal berdasarkan etiologi dan klasifikasi di RSKGM FKG UI tahun 2009-2013 sehingga dapat digunakan untuk rencana pencegahan. Jenis penelitian adalah studi cross-sectional deskriptif melalui data rekam medik dengan variabel etiologi dan klasifikasi penyakit periapikal. Hasil menunjukkan persentase penyakit periapikal 10% dari total penyakit pulpa dan periapikal, 98.28% disebabkan oleh karies dan 1.72% disebabkan oleh trauma. Diagnosis yang paling banyak ditemui adalah abses alveolar kronis (57.72%).

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Periapical disease is a continuity from pulpal disease caused by caries or trauma. This study aimed to obtain information about periapical disease etiology and classification in RSKGM FKG UI in 2009-2013 so that it can be used for the prevention. Type of study is a cross-sectional descriptive study through dental medical records with etiology and classification of periapical disease as variable. The result shows the percentage of periapical disease by 10% of the total pulpal and periapical disease cases. 98.28% were caused by caries and 1.72% were caused by trauma. Periapical disease that commonly found is chronic alveolar abscess (57.72%)."

"Latar Belakang: Profil Data Kesehatan Indonesia 2011 mencatat penyakit pulpa dan periapeks urutan ke-7 penyakit rawat jalan di Indonesia. Tujuan: Penelitian ini memberikan informasi distribusi penyakit pulpa dilihat dari etiologi dan klasifikasi di RSKGM, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Indonesia. Metode: Studi deskritif melalui rekam medik pasien tahun 2009-2013 dengan variabel etiologi dan klasifikasi penyakit pulpa. Hasil: Etiologi paling banyak ditemukan disebabkan karies (98.5%) dan penyakit pulpa paling sering ditemukan adalah nekrosis pulpa (45%). Kesimpulan: Kasus penyakit pulpa pada pasien di RSKGM-FKGUI paling banyak disebabkan oleh karies dan penyakit pulpa paling banyak ditemui adalah nekrosis pulpa.

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Background: Profil Data Kesehatan Indonesia 2011 recorded pulpal and periapical disease as the seventh disease treated in the outpatient in Indonesia.

Aim: This study was to provide information about distribution of pulpal disease based on etiology and classification in RSKGM, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia.

Method: Description study from medical record of patients period 2009-2013 with variable etiology and classification of pulpal disease.

Results: The most found etiology is caries (98.5%) and pulpal disease is necrosis pulp (45%).

Conclusion: Pulpal disease in patients of RSKGM-FKGUI is mostly caused by caries and pulpal disease that mostly found is necrosis pulp."

"Berdasarkan penelitian Washington, perawatan ulang mencapai 5-10% dari 50 juta kasus perawatan endodontik dan angka ini terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengevaluasi distribusi kasus perawatan ulang endodontik di RSKGM FKG UI tahun 2009-2013. Jenis penelitian ini adalah studi deskriptif melalui rekam medik dengan variabel diagnosis dan etiologi perawatan ulang endodontik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa distribusi perawatan ulang endodontik pada tahun 2009-2013 sebesar 289 kasus (4.4%) dengan penyebab utama pengisian saluran akar inadekuat. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah etiologi perawatan ulang endodontik terbanyak adalah pengisian saluran akar inadekuat sebesar 62% dan yang paling jarang ditemukan adalah saluran akar tambahan atau salah satu saluran akar yang tidak terisi sebesar 3%.

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Based on Washington’s research, endodontic retreatment reach 5-10% from the number of teeth treated exceeds 50 million and this number continues to increase every year. This study aims to identify and evaluate the distribution of endodontic retreatment cases at RSKGM FKG UI years 2009-2013. The research is a descriptive study through the medical records with endodontic retreatment and etiology of endodontic retreatment variables.

The results of this study indicate that the distribution of endodontic retreatment at RSKGM FKG UI years 2009-2013 amounted to 289 cases (4.4%). The conclusion of this study is the most common etiology of endodontic retreatment is inadequate obturation for 62% and the most rare etiology is missed canals for 3%."

"[Latar belakang : Hipotiroid kongenital (HK) merupakan penyebab disabilitas intelektual yang dapat dicegah dan pencarian etiologinya belum menjadi prosedur rutin. Pencarian etiologi HK penting untuk dilakukan, karena membantu dalam menentukan derajat keparahan, mempengaruhi dosis substitusi L-tiroksin, terapi jangka panjang, prognosis, dan kemungkinan HK diturunkan pada anak selanjutnya (konseling genetik). Etiologi HK dapat bervariasi antar negara. Saat ini data mengenai etiologi HK di Indonesia masih sedikit.Tujuan : Mengevaluasi etiologi hipotiroid kongenital.Metode : Penelitian potong lintang dengan metode total sampling pada semua subjek yang terlibat dalam penelitian “Dampak keterlambatan diagnosis hipotiroid kongenital: disabilitas intelektual dan kualitas hidup pasien” di Jakarta. Penelitian ini dilakukan sejak lolos kaji etik sampai November 2014.Hasil : Terdapat 19 dari 25 subjek yang dapat dievaluasi etiologinya. Etiologi yang ditemukan adalah disgenesis (16/19) dan dishormonogenesis (3/16). Tipe disgenesis terbanyak berturut-turut adalah hemiagenesis (6/16), athireosis (5/16), hipoplasia (4/16), dan ektopik (1/16). Nilai IQ pada kelompok hipoplasia adalah borderline, sedangkan kategori nilai IQ etiologi lainnya adalah disabilitas intelektual. Rerata nilai IQ 72,7(SD 30,3) untuk kelompok hipoplasia, 58,2 (SD 16) untuk agenesis, 52,5 (SD 16,5) untuk hemiagenesis, 37,3 (SD 8) untuk dishormonogenesis, dan nilai IQ 46 didapatkan pada anak dengan kelenjar tiroid ektopik.Simpulan : Etiologi HK pada penelitian ini adalah disgenesis tiroid (16/19) dan dishormonogenesis (3/19). Hemiagenesis merupakan etiologi HK terbanyak (6/19). Hipoplasi tiroid merupakan kelompok dengan nilai IQ tertinggi (borderline) daripada kelompok lainnya (disabilitas intelektual).;Latar belakang : Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is one of the most preventable cause of intellectual disability. Investigation for etiology of CH is not a routine procedure in Indonesia. Congenital hypothyroidism etiology is important for predict severity of hypothyroidism, L-thyroxine dose substitution, prognosis, and genetic counselling. Etiology of CH varies among countries. Current data about CH etiology in Indonesia is limited. This research is part of “Impact of delayed CH diagnosis: intellectual disability and quality of live” research that has been done in RSCM.Tujuan : To evaluate etiology of primary congenital hypothyroidism.Metode : A cross sectional study with total sampling of all participants in “Impact of delayed CH diagnosis: intellectual disability and quality of live” research. This research has been done since pass the ethics until November 2014.Hasil : There were 19 of 25 participants that could be evaluate the CH etiology. The etiology are dysgenesis (16/19) and dyshormomogenesis (3/19). Types of dysgenesis are hemiagenesis (6/16), athireosis (5/16), hypoplasia (4/16), and ectopic (1/16). Mean of total IQ was 72,7 (SD 30,3) for hypoplasia, 58,2 (SD 16) for agenesis, 52,5 (SD 16,5) for hemiagenesis, 37,3 (SD 8) for dyshormonogenesis, and IQ score for ectopic thyroid is 46.Simpulan : Etiology of Ch in this research is dysgenesis (16/19) and dyshormonogenesis (3/19). Hemiagenesis is the most common etiology in CH. Hypoplasia thyroid group has the highest IQ score (borderline) among other groups od etiology., Latar belakang : Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is one of the most preventable cause of intellectual disability. Investigation for etiology of CH is not a routine procedure in Indonesia. Congenital hypothyroidism etiology is important for predict severity of hypothyroidism, L-thyroxine dose substitution, prognosis, and genetic counselling. Etiology of CH varies among countries. Current data about CH etiology in Indonesia is limited. This research is part of “Impact of delayed CH diagnosis: intellectual disability and quality of live” research that has been done in RSCM.Tujuan : To evaluate etiology of primary congenital hypothyroidism.Metode : A cross sectional study with total sampling of all participants in “Impact of delayed CH diagnosis: intellectual disability and quality of live” research. This research has been done since pass the ethics until November 2014.Hasil : There were 19 of 25 participants that could be evaluate the CH etiology. The etiology are dysgenesis (16/19) and dyshormomogenesis (3/19). Types of dysgenesis are hemiagenesis (6/16), athireosis (5/16), hypoplasia (4/16), and ectopic (1/16). Mean of total IQ was 72,7 (SD 30,3) for hypoplasia, 58,2 (SD 16) for agenesis, 52,5 (SD 16,5) for hemiagenesis, 37,3 (SD 8) for dyshormonogenesis, and IQ score for ectopic thyroid is 46.Simpulan : Etiology of Ch in this research is dysgenesis (16/19) and dyshormonogenesis (3/19). Hemiagenesis is the most common etiology in CH. Hypoplasia thyroid group has the highest IQ score (borderline) among other groups od etiology.]"

"Dry socket merupakan komplikasi post operatif yang paling sering terjadi setelah dilakukan ekstraksi gigi. Dry socket dapat mengakibatkan nyeri yang hebat dan membuat pasien tidak nyaman. Walaupun etiologi yang tepat dari dry socket belum dapat ditentukan secara pasti, beberapa faktor risiko telah diketahui berperan dalam terjadinya dry socket. Oleh karena itu, penting bagi dokter gigi untuk memahami dry socket beserta faktor-faktor risikonya untuk meminimalisasi terjadinya dry socket. Penelitian mengenai dry socket ini masih sangat sedikit di Indonesia sehingga peneliti melakukan peneltian yang berjenis deskriptif retrospektif ini untuk mengetahui insidensi dry socket pada pasien di RSKGM FKG UI periode Januari 2012 ndash;September 2017 serta untuk mengetahui distribusi dan frekuensi dry socket berdasarkan jenis kelamin ,usia, dan lokasi gigi. Analisis dilakukan pada 2955 rekam medik. Total 5073 gigi permanen telah dilakukan tindakan ekstraksi dan odontektomi dari 2955 pasien selama periode penelitian ini dan ditemukan dry socket sebanyak 30 kasus 0,6 dari 26 pasien penderita dry socket. Insidensi keseluruhan dry socket sebesar 0,6 . Insidensi dry socket pada ekstraksi rutin sebesar 0,6 dan pada odontektomi molar tiga mandibula sebesar 0,5 . Dry socket secara signifikan lebih sering terjadi pada pasien perempuan 77 dibandingkan laki-laki. Insidensi puncak dry socket berada pada usia 31-40 tahun 23,3 . Semua kasus dry socket terjadi pada gigi posterior 100 dan lebih banyak terjadi pada gigi mandibula 53 dibandingkan gigi maksila.

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Dry socket is the most common postoperative complication after tooth extraction. Dry socket can cause a severe pain and discomfort for the patient. Although the exact etiology of dry socket has not been clearly determined, a number of risk factors are known to contributing to dry socket. Therefore, it is important for the dentist to understand dry socket and its risk factors to minimize the incidence of dry socket. The study about dry socket in Indonesia are currently limited so this retrospective descriptive study aims to investigate the incidence of dry socket in Dental Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry University of Indonesia from January 2012 September 2017 and to see the distribution and frequency of dry socket according to gender, age, and tooth location. 2955 medical records were analyzed. A total of 5073 permanent teeth were removed by extraction and odontectomy in 2955 patients during this study period and found 30 dry socket cases in 26 patients.The overall incidence of dry socket was 0.6 . The incidence of dry socket was 0.6 following routine dental extraction and 0,5 following mandibular third molar odontectomy. Dry socket was significantly more common in female 77 as compared to male. The peak incidence of dry socket was at the ages of 31 40 years 23,3 . All cases of dry socket occured in posterior teeth 100 and it was greater in mandible 53 than maxilla."

"Latar Belakang: Sebagai dokter gigi dalam melakukan layanan kesehatan kepada pasien sudah seharusnya menggunakan perawatan EBD. Mengajarkan EBD kepada mahasiswa kedokteran gigi saat ini adalah kunci untuk meningkatkan proporsi perawatan yang didasarkan pada bukti di masa yang akan datang. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan berbagai faktor yang berhubungan dengan pengetahuan dan persepsi mahasiswa fakultas kedokteran gigi Universitas Indonesia mengenai EBD.Metode: Design study menggunakan studi Cross-Sectional, cara pengambilan sampel menggunakan kuesioner melalui gogle form, jumlah sampel 416 mahasiswa FKG UI dimulai dari umur 18-25 tahun, angkatan 2017-2021, alat ukur menggunakan skala likert. Kuesioner terdiri dari 22 pertanyaan dengan 5 pertanyaan pada bagian pengetahuan (skala 1=benar, 0 = ragu-ragu / tidak tahu), 7 pertanyaan mengenai akses sumber pengetahuan (skala 1=Tidak pernah, 2=jarang, 3=Kadang-kadang, 4= sering , 5= sangat s ering) dan 10 pertanyaan mengenai persepsi (skala 1= Sangat tidak setuju , 2= Tidak setuju , 3= Netral, 4= Setuju , 5= Sangat setuju). Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan non probability sampling dengan purposive sampling. Data yang terkumpul diolah dengan menguji antar variabel secara bivariat dengan uji continuity correction, pearson chi-square dan regresi logistik biner. Hasil : Hasil uji bivariat menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara usia, angkatan masuk dan program pendidikan dengan pengetahuan mengenai EBD (p-value <0,05). Terdapat hubungan antara program pendidikan dan angkatan masuk dengan akses mengenai sumber pengetahuan EBD (p-value < 0,05). Namun, tidak terdapat hubungan antara usia, jenis kelamin, program pendidikan, dan angkatan masuk dengan persepsi mengenai EBD. Kesimpulan : Terdapat hubungan antara program pendidikan preklinik dan klinik mengenai akses sumber pengetahuan EBD pada mahasiswa FKG UI. .....Background: As a dentist in providing health services to patients, they should use EBD treatment. Teaching EBD to dental students today is key to increasing the proportion of evidence-based care in the future. Objective: To find out various factors related to the knowledge and perceptions of students of the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Indonesia regarding EBD. Methods: A cross-sectional study, the sampling method used a questionnaire via Google form, the sample size was 416 FKG UI students starting at the age of 18-25 years, class 2017-2021, the measurement tool used a Likert scale. The questionnaire consisted of 22 questions with 5 questions on the knowledge section (scale 1=true, 0=doubtful / don't know), 7 questions regarding access to knowledge sources (scale 1=Never, 2=rarely, 3=Sometimes, 4 = often, 5 = very often) and 10 questions regarding perception (scale 1 = Strongly disagree, 2 = Disagree, 3 = Neutral, 4 = Agree, 5 = Strongly agree). The data collection technique uses non-probability sampling with purposive sampling. The collected data was processed by testing between variables in a bivariate manner with continuity correction, pearson chi-square and binary logistic regression tests. Results: The results of the bivariate test showed that there was a relationship between age, the enrollment force and educational programs and knowledge of EBD (p-value <0.05). There is a relationship between educational programs and the incoming cohort with access to EBD knowledge sources (p-value <0.05). However, there is no relationship between age, gender, educational program, and intake force with perceptions of EBD. Conclusion: There are differences between preclinical and clinical education programs regarding access to EBD knowledge sources for FKG UI students."

"[Latar Belakang: Hormon kortisol dalam cairan krevikular gingiva belum banyak diteliti. Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan stres akademik terhadap status penyakit periodontal melalui kadar kortisol pada mahasiswa program spesialis FKG UI. Material dan metode: Pemeriksaan Graduate Dental Environtmental Stress (GDES), indeks periodontal (indeks periodontal modifikasi Russel), dan kadar kortisol dengan ELISA assay terhadap 38 subjek. Hasil : Tidak terdapat hubungan antara stres akademik dengan kadar kortisol (p=0,431), stres akademik dengan status penyakit periodontal (p=0,727), dan kadar kortisol dengan status penyakit periodontal mahasiswa spesialis FKG UI (p=0,347), Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan antara stres akademik dengan status penyakit periodontal melalui kadar kortisol., Background : Relationship between stress and periodontitis with cortisol hormone in crevicular gingival fluid have not been studied. Objective : Analyzed relationship between academical stress spesialist students to periodontal status in relation to level of cortisol hormone in gingival crevicular fluid. Material and Methods : 38 subjects examined stress by Graduate Dental Environment Stress; periodontal condition by modified Russel periodontal index, levels of hormone cortisol by ELISA. Result : Relationship between stress and periodontitis (p=0,727), stress and cortisol hormone (p=0,431), cortisol hormone and periodontitis (p=0,347) were not significant. Conclution : No relationship between stress, periodontitis, and level of cortisol hormone.]"

"Latar belakang: Keberlanjutan lingkungan merupakan suatu keadaan dimana lingkungan hidup di suatu tempat dapat dijaga keberlangsungannya dalam memberikan kenyamanan bagi makhluk hidup yang berada di lingkungan tersebut. Kedokteran gigi merupakan penyumbang limbah yang cukup banyak dalam perubahan iklim dan meningkatkan pencemaran lingkungan. Maka, diperlukan upaya dari bidang kedokteran gigi untuk mengurangi hal tersebut dengan pengetahuan dalam penerapan strategi praktik kedokteran gigi yang ramah lingkungan agar dapat memicu timbulnya kesadaran diri individu untuk memperkuat perilaku. Akan tetapi, penelitian mengenai topik ini masih terbatas di Indonesia. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa FKG UI program Sarjana, Profesi, dan Spesialis tentang keberlanjutan lingkungan dalam Kedokteran Gigi. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif menggunakan desain studi potong lintang dengan kuesioner Al Shatrat et al yang sudah diterjemahkan dalam Bahasa Indonesia terhadap populasi mahasiswa FKG UI program Sarjana, Profesi, dan Spesialis. Hasil: Sebagian besar responden adalah perempuan, dengan rentang usia 18 hingga 40 tahun, lima respon tertinggi mengenai ketidaktahuan pada komponen program pengelolaan limbah untuk membuang fixer (84,7%), program pengelolaan limbah khusus untuk membuang foil timbal (79,5%), komponen penempatan batu bata atau bahan lainnya di dalam tangki toilet (68,9%), penggunaan filter vakum untuk amalgam yang mengarahkan partikel amalgam ke wadah air limbah amalgam (71%), penggunaan kembali bingkai foto radiografis lama untuk pasien baru (71%). Kesimpulan: Kurangnya pengetahuan, keterbatasan biaya, dan sarana yang tidak memadai menyebabkan seseorang tidak termotivasi untuk mengubah pola hidup dan perilaku sehingga tidak adanya kesadaran terhadap lingkungan.

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Background: Environmental sustainability is a situation where the environment in a place can be maintained sustainability in providing comfort for living things in the environment. Dentistry contributes a lot of waste in climate change and increases environmental pollution. Therefore, it requires efforts from the field of dentistry to reduce with knowledge in the application of eco-friendly dentistry practices so that individual self-awareness can arise to assess behavior. However, investigating this topic is still limited in Indonesia. Objective: To know the level of knowledge of FKG UI students of Undergraduate, Professional, and Specialist programs about environmental sustainability in Dentistry. Method: Cross-sectional study of Al Shatrat et al questionnaires that have been translated to Bahasa Indonesia and sent to the students of FKG UI Undergraduate, Professional, and Specialist programs. Results: Most of the respondents were female, with an age range of 18 to 40 years. Most respondent are not aware of these five component, such as waste management programme fixer disposal (84.7%), waste management programme leads foils disposal (79.5%), bricks or other bulky materials in toilet cisterns (68.9%), amalgam vacuum filters to amalgam waste water containers (71%), reuse x-ray mounts for new patients when purging old files (71%). Conclusion: Lack of knowledge, limited cost, and inadequate means cause a person not to be motivated to change their lifestyle and behavior so that there is no awareness of the environment."

"ABSTRAKThe objective of this study was to find out the relationship between prior learning and performance of final test on dental material science. A sample of 70 respondents was randomly selected from students in the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, Jakarta. The data were taken through objective (for entry learning) and essay tests. The relation among prior learning and final test on dental material science was analysed by partial correlation and multiple regression techniques. The resulting findings are as follows: there was a positive correlation between student's prior learning and performance of final test (r=0.533). This study also revealed that the mean score of students ability on prior learning and final test were higher than their theoretical mean score. It can be concluded that prior learning significantly contributed to learning achievement in dental material science."