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"Analog circuit design contains the contribution of 18 tutorials of the 20th workshop on advances in analog circuit design. Each part discusses a specific to-date topic on new and valuable design ideas in the area of analog circuit design."

"This new book demonstrates how FGMOS transistors can be used in a low voltage and low power design context. The techniques used provide innovative solutions, often in situations where the limits of the technology in question have been pushed far below the values recommended by the manufacturer.Motivated by consumer demand for smaller, more portable electronic devices, which offer more features and operate for longer on their existing battery packs, cutting edge electronic circuits need to be even more power efficient. This requires the circuit designer to have an understanding of the latest low voltage and low power (LV/LP) techniques which makes use of the floating gate MOS (FGMOS) transistor."

"DC-DC Switch Mode Power Supply SMPS merupakan rangkaian elektronika yang dapat mengubah suatu level tegangan listrik tertentu menjadi level tegangan listrik lainnya. Perubahan level tegangan memanfaatkan prinsip induksi elektromagnet, yaitu melalui kopel magnetik dari transformator frekuensi tinggi berinti ferit. Frekuensi tinggi di bangkitkan menggunakan mikrokontroler ATmega 328 berbasis Arduino. Frekuensi tinggi yang dihasilkan adalah sekitar 20kHz. Kelebihan SMPS dalam konversi tegangan dibandingkan konverter lainnya adalah SMPS dapat mengkonversi dengan efisiensi yang cukup tinggi, karena rasio tegangan dipertahankan oleh rasio lilitan. Selain itu SMPS juga dapat memisahkan rangkaian secara elektrik. Sehingga jika ada gangguan di sisi primer, sisi sekunder tidak merasakan gangguan secara langsung, begitu pula sebaliknya. Terdapat filter LC dua tahap untuk menghaluskan gelombang keluaran. Terdapat pula pengendali PID untuk mempertahankan tegangan keluaran sesuai dengan referensi. Terdapat pula rangkaian snubber untuk melindungi divais elektronik dari interaksi induktansi leakage transformator dengan kapasitansi Miller divais elektronik tersebut. Nilai ripple factor gelombang keluaran sebelum difilter adalah 1.11, setelah difilter satu tahap adalah 0.556, dan difilter dua tahap 0.222. Pada beberapa pengujian respon transien, didapatlah waktu tunak rata-rata sebesar 1.79 detik. Undershoot dan Overshoot tegangan keluaran terbesar yang terjadi saat pengujian adalah pada nilai tegangan 163.86V dan 268.93V dari set point 220V. Terjadi penurunan suhu MOSFET rata-rata sebesar 7.36oC ketika rangkaian snubber dipasang. Pada pengujian efisiensi, didapat efisiensi tertinggi sebesar 91.7 pada beban 700W.

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DC DC Switch Mode Power Supply SMPS is an electronics circuit that used to change DC voltage level from one level to another level. This circuit use electromagnetic induction, which is via magnetic couple of high frequency ferrite transformer to change voltage level. High frequency is produced by ATmega 328 microcontroller with Arduino platform. Frequency that used in this circuit is about 20 kHz. SMPS advantages compare to another voltage converter are high efficiency conversion and it can electrically isolate primary and secondary. So, if there is a fault at primary side, then secondary side is not sense the fault directly, and vice versa. There is a two stage LC filter to make output wave smoother. There is a PID controller to maintain output voltage at its reference. There is a snubber circuit to protect electronic device from interaction between transformer leakage inductance and its Miller capacitance. Output waveform ripple factor before being filtered is 1.111, after being filtered by 1 stage LC filter is 0.556, and after being filtered by 2 stage LC filter is 0.222. From some transient test, average system rsquo s settling time is 1.79 second. Output voltage undershoot and overshoot are respectively 163.86V and 268.93V at 220V set point voltage. MOSFETs temperature has decreased after snubber circuit is placed. From efficiency test, highest systems efficiency is 91.7 at 700 watt load."

"This book is based on the 18 invited tutorials presented during the 27th workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. Expert designers from both industry and academia present readers with information about a variety of topics at the frontiers of analog circuit design, including the design of analog circuits in power-constrained applications, CMOS-compatible sensors for mobile devices and energy-efficient amplifiers and drivers. For anyone involved in the design of analog circuits, this book will serve as a valuable guide to the current state-of-the-art.Provides a state-of-the-art reference in analog circuit design, written by experts from industry and academia;Presents material in a tutorial-based format;Covers the design of analog circuits in power-constrained applications, CMOS-compatible sensors for mobile devices and energy-efficient amplifiers and drivers."

"Penggunaan energi listrik saat ini secara garis besar masih menggunakan tegangan arus bolak-balik AC . Hampir semua peralatan elektronik memerlukan sumber arus searah DC terutama pada komputer pribadi Personal Computer . Dalam aplikasinya, sumber tegangan AC perlu dikonversikan menjadi tegangan DC pada sistem catu daya komputer. Sistem pada catu daya komputer memiliki tegangan keluaran yang bervariasi yaitu 3,3v, 5v, 12v, 0, -5v, dan -12v. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran, besarnya tegangan keluaran pada catu daya komputer berkisar dibawah 5 yang berarti bahwa tegangan tersebut masih dalam kondisi toleransi yang diperbolehkan dan arus yang paling besar terdapat pada pengukuran kabel soket untuk VGA yang memiliki nilai arus DC mencapai 1,550 A pada saat beroperasi, 1,533 pada saat penyalaan komputer dan 422mA pada saat kondisi stand by pada tegangan 12,10 volt DC. Dibutuhkan Konverter DC-DC untuk mengubah level tegangan DC satu ke level tegangan DC lainnya. Adapun jenis konverter DC-DC yang dapat digunakan pada catu daya komputer pribadi yaitu konverter DC-DC topologi Boost Single Input Multiple Output. Simulasi Perancangan Konverter DC-DC menggunakan software ISS Proteus.

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The use of electricity nowadays is largely remains using a source of alternating current AC. Almost all electronic devices require a source of direct current DC, especially on personal computers. In its application, the AC voltage source need to be converted into DC voltage in the power supply system of the computer. Systems on the computer power supply has variable output voltage is 3.3V, 5V, 12V, 0, 5V, and 12V. Based on the measurement results, the magnitude of the output voltage of the power supply computer ranges below 5 , which means that the voltage is still in a state of tolerance allowed and the current most contained in the measurement cable connector to VGA that has a value of DC current reached 1,550 A during operation , 1,533 at the time at which the computer and 422mA during the stand by condition at a voltage of 12.10 volts DC. DC DC converters needed to convert one DC voltage level to another DC voltage level. The type of DC DC converters that can be used on a personal computer power supply is a DC DC converter topology Boost Single Input Multiple Output. Simulation of DC DC converter design using Proteus ISS software."

"Sistem catu daya listrik nirkabel dirancang bukan untuk menggantikan seluruh kabel tetapi untuk meningkatkan kehandalan dan kenyamanan pengguna peralatan. Desain rangkaian Transmitter pada sistem tersebut pada dasarnya adalah rangkaian variable comparator oscillator yang terdiri dari Voltage comparator yang berfungsi sebagai pengatur frequensi agar dapat bekerja pada bermacam-macam frekuensi dan rangkaian LC Mosfet digunakan untuk Mengubah Arus searah menjadi Arus Bolak-Balik agar bisa menghasilkan induksi elektromagnetik pada Antena yg merupakan beban induktif.

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Wireless Power transfer system is designed not to replace the whole cable but to improve equipment reliability and user convience. Circuit design on this system basicly is Variable Comparator circuit which consist of voltage comparator which act as adjustment frequency circuit to make This transmitter easier when have to work with different frequency and LC Mosfet that is used to convert from direct current to become alternating current that will produce electromagnetic induction to antenna."

"This book discusses the design and implementation aspects of ultra-low power biosignal acquisition platforms that exploit analog-assisted and algorithmic approaches for power savings.The authors describe an approach referred to as analog-and-algorithm-assisted signal processing.This enables significant power consumption reductions by implementing low power biosignal acquisition systems, leveraging analog preprocessing and algorithmic approaches to reduce the data rate very early in the signal processing chain.They demonstrate savings for wearable sensor networks (WSN) and body area networks (BAN), in the sensors stimulation power consumption, as well in the power consumption of the digital signal processing and the radio link. Two specific implementations, an adaptive sampling electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition and a compressive sampling (CS) photoplethysmogram (PPG) acquisition system, are demonstrated."

"Covers the low-power Wireless sensor network (WSN) services ranging from hardware platforms and communication protocols to network deployment, and sensor data collection and actuation. This book explains the implications of resource constraints and expected performance in terms of throughput, reliability and latency. "

"Dalam perkembangan pesat teknologi informasi dan komunikasi, power amplifier memainkan peran yang sangat penting dan krusial dalam sistem komunikasi nirkabel karena merupakan komponen utama yang menentukan efisiensi dan keandalan sistem transmisi. Power amplifier mengambil daya terbesar dalam sistem transmiter, sehingga efisiensi dan keandalannya sangat mempengaruhi kinerja keseluruhan. Penelitian ini berfokus pada power amplifier kelas E yang dikenal memiliki efisiensi daya tinggi hingga 100%, menjadikannya ideal untuk aplikasi nirkabel. Frekuensi kerja 2,4 GHz sangat penting dalam teknologi komunikasi nirkabel seperti WiFi, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), dan Zigbee. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang power amplifier kelas E dengan efisiensi tinggi pada frekuensi 2,4 GHz menggunakan simulasi dalam Advanced Design System (ADS) dari Keysight, dengan PDK TSMC RF 90 nm, tanpa implementasi fisik. Metodologi penelitian dimulai dengan studi literatur untuk memahami teori dasar dan perkembangan terkini terkait power amplifier kelas E, karakteristik transistor, matching network, dan parameter kinerja. Selanjutnya, ditentukan spesifikasi utama power amplifier dan dilakukan simulasi serta karakterisasi transistor untuk memastikan kinerja optimal. Analisis stabilitas dilakukan untuk memastikan transistor berada dalam kondisi stabil tanpa syarat. Simulasi load pull dilakukan untuk menentukan impedansi optimal yang digunakan untuk merancang matching network. Proses tuning dan optimisasi menggunakan ADS dilakukan untuk mencapai parameter kinerja yang ditargetkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa power amplifier kelas E yang dirancang berhasil memenuhi sebagian besar target yang ditetapkan. Pada variasi proses TT (Typical-Typical), power amplifier menunjukkan performa yang baik dengan gain sebesar 10,734 dB dan PAE sebesar 51,709%. Stabilitasnya mencapai 1,153, S21 sebesar 17,6 dB, S11 sebesar -12,218 dB, dan S22 sebesar -8,49 dB.

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In the rapid advancement of information and communication technology, the power amplifier has become a crucial component in wireless communication systems. The power amplifier consumes the most power in the transmitter system, thus its efficiency and reliability significantly affect overall performance. This research focuses on the class E power amplifier, known for its high power efficiency of up to 100%, making it ideal for wireless applications. The 2.4 GHz operating frequency is critical in wireless communication technologies such as WiFi, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), and Zigbee. The objective of this research is to design a high-efficiency class E power amplifier operating at 2.4 GHz using simulations in Keysight's Advanced Design System (ADS) with the TSMC RF 90 nm PDK, without physical implementation. The research methodology begins with a literature study to understand the fundamental theory and recent developments related to class E power amplifiers, transistor characteristics, matching networks, and performance parameters. Subsequently, the main specifications of the power amplifier are determined, followed by simulations and transistor characterization to ensure optimal performance. Stability analysis is conducted to ensure the transistor operates unconditionally stable. Load pull simulations are performed to determine the optimal impedance used for designing the matching network. The tuning and optimization processes using ADS are carried out to achieve the targeted performance parameters. The research results show that the designed class E power amplifier successfully meets most of the set targets. In the TT (Typical-Typical) process variation, the power amplifier demonstrates good performance with a gain of 10.734 dB and a PAE of 51.709%. Its stability factor reaches 1.153, S21 is 17.6 dB, S11 is -12.218 dB, and S22 is -8.49 dB."

"This book presents the basic techniques available to design low power RF CMOS analogue circuits. It gives circuit designers a complete guide of alternatives to optimize power consumption and explains the application of these rules in the most common RF building blocks, LNA, mixers and PLLs. It is set out using practical examples and offers a unique perspective as it targets designers working within the standard CMOS process and all the limitations inherent in these technologies."