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"Penulisan karya ilmiah akhir ini bertujuan untuk mengaplikasikan teori Konservasi pada pemenuhan kebutuhan psikologis orang tua dengan bayi prematur. Pemenuhan kebutuhan psikologis orang tua dapat dilakukan melalui komunikasi terapeutik, pendampingan keluarga dan pemberian pendidikan kesehatan, memfasilitasi ikatan dan kelekatan orang tua-bayi, perencanaan pulang, asuhan berpusat pada keluarga, serta pendekatan asuhan perkembangan. Pemenuhan kebutuhan psikologis dapat membantu orang tua dalam proses adaptasi dalam pencapaian konservasi, yaitu konservasi melalui integritas personal sosial untuk mengoptimalkan peran orang tua dalam meningkatkan tumbuh kembang bayi prematur. Selama memberikan asuhan keperawatan, orang tua menunjukkan kondisi psikologis yang stabil, komunikasi dan kontak fisik dengan bayinya, pengetahuan dan keterampilan orang tua meningkat, serta adanya keterlibatan dalam perawatan bayi di RS

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This study aims to apply Conservation theory to fulfill psychological needs of parents with premature infants. The fulfillment of psychological needs can be done through therapeutic communication, family counseling and provision of health education, facilitating the bonding and parents-infant attachment, discharge planning, family centered-care, as well as developmental care approach. The fulfillment of psychological needs help parents in the process of adaptation to achieve conservation, in this case the conservation of social-personal integrity to optimize the role of parents in improving the growth and development of premature infants. During the nursing care, parents showed a stable psychological condition, communication and physical contact with the baby, the increase in parenting knowledge and skills, as well as involvement in the infant care in the hospital"

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perawatan metode kanguru (PMK) terhadap fungsi fisiologis pada bayi prematur yang terpasang ventilasi mekanik. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain randomized control trial (RCT) yang melibatkan 50 responden bayi prematur yang terpasang ventilasi mekanik dan dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol (perawatan rutin rumah sakit) 25 responden dan kelompok intervensi (bayi dilakukan PMK) 25 responden sesuai kriteria inklusi. PMK dilakukan tiga hari berturut-turut selama satu jam/hari. Hasil analisis uji perbedaan menujukkan adanya perbedaan saturasi oksigen secara bermakna pada saat dilakukan PMK (p=0.000; α=0,05) dan frekuensi pernapasan intra (p= 0,007), dan post (p= 0,027) pada kelompok kontrol dan kelompok intervensi. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, adanya pengaruh perawatan metode kanguru terhadap fungsi fisiologis pada bayi prematur yang terpasang ventilasi mekanik. Intervensi ini diharapkan dapat dilanjutkan sebagai prosedur di ruang NICU karena sudah terbukti dapat mempercepat weaning ventilator.

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his study was conducted to determine the effect of the kangaroo method of care (PMK) on the physiological function of mechanically ventilated premature infants. This study used a randomized control trial (RCT) design involving 50 premature infants who were mechanically ventilated and divided into two groups, namely the control group (routine hospital care) 25 respondents and the intervention group (babies undergoing PMK) 25 respondents according to the inclusion criteria. . PMK is carried out three days in a row for one hour/day. The results of the analysis of the difference test showed that there was a significant difference in oxygen saturation during PMK (p=0.000; α=0.05) and intra-respiratory frequency (p= 0.007), and post (p= 0.027) in the control group and the intervention group. Based on these results, there is an effect of kangaroo treatment on physiological function in mechanically ventilated premature infants. It is hoped that this intervention can be continued as a procedure in the NICU room because it has been proven to speed up ventilator weaning"

"Penulisan karya ilmiah akhir ini bertujuan untuk mengaplikasikan teori Konservasi pada pemenuhan kebutuhan psikologis orang tua dengan bayi prematur. Pemenuhan kebutuhan psikologis orang tua dapat dilakukan melalui komunikasi terapeutik, pendampingan keluarga dan pemberian pendidikan kesehatan, memfasilitasi ikatan dan kelekatan orang tua-bayi, perencanaan pulang, asuhan berpusat pada keluarga, serta pendekatan asuhan perkembangan. Pemenuhan kebutuhan psikologis dapat membantu orang tua dalam proses adaptasi dalam pencapaian konservasi, yaitu konservasi melalui integritas personal sosial untuk mengoptimalkan peran orang tua dalam meningkatkan tumbuh kembang bayi prematur. Selama memberikan asuhan keperawatan, orang tua menunjukkan kondisi psikologis yang stabil, komunikasi dan kontak fisik dengan bayinya, pengetahuan dan keterampilan orang tua meningkat, serta adanya keterlibatan dalam perawatan bayi di RS.

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This final scientific paper aims to apply the theory of Conservation of the psychological needs of parents with premature infants. The fulfillment of psychological needs can be done through therapeutic communication, family counseling and provision of health education, facilitating the bonding and parents-infant attachment, discharge planning, family centered-care, as well as developmental care approach. The existence of the psychological needs help parents in the process of adaptation through conservation achievement, in this case the conservation of social-personal integrity to optimize the role of parents in improving the growth and development of premature infants. During the nursing care, older people showed a stable psychological condition, communication and physical contact with the baby, the increase in parenting knowledge and skills, as well as involvement in the infant care in the hospital."

"Latar Belakang: Ketuban Pecah Dini KPD merupakan kejadian yang berhubungan dengan risiko tinggi morbiditas dan mortalitas baik pada maternal maupun perinatal. KPD terjadi pada 5-10 dari seluruh kehamilan dan insiden infeksi selaput ketuban bervariasi dari 6-10 . Berdasarkan data SDKI tahun 2007, AKI di Indonesia sebesar 228/100.000 kelahiran hidup, serta hasil studi epidemiologi oleh WHO dan UNICEF pada tahun 2010 didapatkan bahwa terdapat 7,6 juta kasus kematian anak < 5 tahun, di mana 64 4,879 juta terjadi karena infeksi, dan 40,3 3,072 juta terjadi di neonatus. Belum diketahui hubungan antara lama ketuban pecah, usia kehamilan, dan jumlah periksa dalam pada kasus KPD terhadap kejadian sepsis neonatorum di Indonesia. Tujuan: Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara lama ketuban pecah, usia kehamilan, dan jumlah periksa dalam pada ibu hamil yang mengalami KPD dengan kejadian sepsis neonatorum, sehingga dapat menjadi dasar untuk evaluasi Standar Pelayanan Medik SPM KPD di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo RSCM. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi deskriptif analitik, dilaksanakan di RSCM Jakarta pada bulan Desember 2016 ndash; Juni 2017. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua ibu hamil dengan usia kehamilan >20 minggu yang mengalami KPD dan tidak mempunyai penyulit seperti diabetes melitus ataupun penyakit sistemik serius seperti penyakit jantung atau autoimun, beserta dengan bayinya. Hasil: Terdapat 405 ibu hamil dengan KPD yang diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini. Didapatkan 21 kasus 5.2 sepsis neonatorum. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa lama ketuban pecah sampai dengan masuk RS ge; 18 jam dengan OR 3,08, lama ketuban pecah selama perawatan di RS ge; 15 jam dengan OR 7,32, dan lama ketuban pecah sampai dengan lahir ge; 48 jam dengan OR 5,77 mempunyai risiko yang lebih tinggi terhadap kejadian sepsis neonatorum. Usia kehamilan preterm < 37 minggu mempunyai risiko yang lebih tinggi terhadap kejadian sepsis neonatorum dengan OR 18,59. Sedangkan jumlah periksa dalam pada penelitian ini tidak dapat dianalisis. Kesimpulan: Lama ketuban pecah yang makin panjang serta usia kehamilan preterm mempunyai risiko yang lebih tinggi terhadap kejadian sepsis neonatorum.

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Background: Premature Rupture of Membrane PROM is associated with high maternal as well as perinatal morbidity and mortality risks. It occurs in 5 to 10 of all pregnancy while incidence of amniotic membrane infection varies from 6 to 10. Based on the 2007 National Demography and Health Survey SDKI, Maternal Mortality Rate MMR in Indonesia is 228 per 100.000 live births. Results of epidemiological studies by the WHO and UNICEF in 2010 found that there were 7.6 million cases of under five mortality, in which 64 4.879 million occurred due to infection and the rest 40.3 3.072 million occurred in neonates. However, there is no known association between prolonged rupture of membrane, gestational age, and number of vaginal examination in PROM cases on neonatal sepsis incidence in Indonesia.

Objectives: This study aims to find out the association between prolonged rupture of membrane, gestational age, and number of vaginal examination in pregnant women with PROM on neonatal sepsis incidence. The result may provide the basis for evaluating Standards of Medical Care SPM in PROM cases at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital RSCM.

Methods: A hospital based analytical descriptive study was done in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta from December 2016 until June 2017. The study used total sampling method which included all pregnant women with gestational age of more than 20 weeks who experienced PROM and their babies. Samples with existing comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus or other serious systemic illnesses such as heart disease or autoimmune condition were excluded in the analysis.

Results: A total of 405 pregnant women with PROM were incuded in this study. There were 21 cases 5.2 of neonatal sepsis. The analysis showed that risk of neonatal sepsis was higher in pregnant women with prolonged rupture of membrane for 18 hours before hospital admisission OR 3.08, prolonged rupture of membrane for 15 hours during hospitalization OR 7.32 , and prolonged rupture of membrane for 48 hours until birth OR 5.77. The risk of neonatal sepsis was even higher in preterm pregnancy with gestational age of <37 weeks (OR 18.59). However, the number of vaginal examination could not be analyzed.

Conclusion: Risk of neonatal sepsis is higher in longer duration of prolonged rupture of membrane as well as preterm pregnancy."

"Penyakit diare merupakan masalah kesehatan, karena morbiditas dan mortalitasnya yang masih tinggi. SPM Kabupaten Pandeglang 2014 sebesar 90%. Balita yang menerima perawatan dari fasilitas kesehatan atau tenaga kesehatan angka tersebut belum memenuhi Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM) penanganan diare pada Balita sebesar 100%. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan praktek pencarian pengobatan Balita diare di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Labuan. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi adalah Balita yang didiagnosa diare selama Januari - April 2014 di klinik MTBS Puskesmas Labuan dan sampel berjumlah 100 Balita. Data diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara umur Balita dengan praktek pencarian pengobatan p= 0.023 dan nilai OR= 2.95. Diharapkan kepada pihak Puskesmas Labuan untuk meningkatkan promosi kesehatan program pencegahan dan penanggulangan penyakit diare pada Balita sehingga dapat berpengaruh pada perubahan perilaku pencarian pengobatan diare pada Balita.

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Diarrheal disease is a public health problem because the morbidity and mortality are still high. Standart Minimal Services Pandeglang 2014 is 90% of Toddlers who receive care from a health facility or health worker that number does not meet the Standart Minimal Services treatment of diarrhea in children under five by 100%.

This study to determine the factors associated with treatment seeking practice of diarrhea in children under five at Puskesmas Labuan. Quantitative research with cross sectional design. The population were diagnosed Toddler with diarrhea during January-April 2014 in the clinic Labuan MTBS health center and totaled 100 Toddler. Data obtained from interviews using questionnaire.

The results of the bivariate analysis showed no significant relationship between age Toddlers with treatment of diarrhea inseeking p = 0.023 and OR = 2.95.Labuan is expected to do health promotion programs to improve the prevention and control of diarrheal diseases in Toddlers that can affect the health seeking behavior of diarrhea in toddler."

"Bayi kurang bulan yang dirawat di rumah sakit seringkali mengalami nyeri yang disebabkan oleh prosedur diagnostik dan terapeutik. Tujuan dari studi kasus ini adalah memberikan gambaran aplikasi Model Konservasi Levine pada bayi kurang bulan dengan masalah nyeri. Model Konservasi Levine berfokus pada peningkatan adaptasi melalui prinsip konservasi untuk mencapai wholeness. Metode penelitian ini adalah studi kasus. Lima bayi kurang bulan yang mengalami masalah nyeri akut dirawat dengan pendekatan proses keperawatan berdasarkan teori Model Konservasi Levine. Masalah keperawatan lain yang ditemukan adalah pemenuhan nutrisi kurang dari keutuhan tubuh, risiko volume cairan kurang dari kebutuhan tubuh, risiko infeksi, ikterik neonaturum, gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan risiko gangguan perlekatan orang tua dan bayi. Masalah-masalah tersebut dapat memperberat rasa nyeri dan menghambat proses adaptasi bayi kurang bulan dalam mencapai integritas diri.

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Preterm infants who is hospitalized, experience pain frequently that caused by diagnostic and procedure treatment. This study aim to describe the application of Levine’s Conservation Model in preterm infants who experienced pain. Levine's Conservation Model focuses on improving adaptation through conservation principles to achieve wholeness. This research method is case study with nursing process approach. Levine’s Conservation Model applied in five selected cases that have problem acute pain. The other nursing problems are nutrition less than body requirements, risk for deficient fluid volume, risk of infection, neonaturum icteric, impaired growth and development, risk of attachment disorder between parents and babies. All of the problems can aggravate pain and inhibit the process of adaptation in preterm infant to reaches wholeness."

"Kesulitan menyusu merupakan masalah yang sering terjadi pada bayi prematur. Tujuan dari studi kasus ini adalah melakukan analisis optimalisasi pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi oral pada bayi prematur melalui edukasi perencanaan pulang pada orang tua dengan pendekatan Teori Konservasi Levine. Lima kasus terpilih menunjukkan terjadi masalah keperawatan defisit nutrisi dan menyusui tida efektif. Pendekatan Teori Konservasi Levine dilakukan dengan menggunakan prinsip konservasi energi, konservasi integritas struktural, konservasi integritas personal, dan konservasi integritas sosial. Hasil pemberian asuhan keperawatan menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan dan keterampilan ibu menyusui bayi meningkat sehingga pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi bayi terpenuhi dan meningkatkan berat badan bayi melalui edukasi perencanaan pulang. Perawat dapat menjadikan intervensi tersebut sebagai standar prosedur operasional pada bayi prematur yang mengalami kesulitan menyusu.

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Having difficulty in breastfeeding is a common problem on premature infants. The purpose of this study is to analyze the optimization of the oral fulfillment of nutritional needs in premature infants through discharge planning education for the parents using Levine rsquo s Conservation Theory. Five chosen cases shows the occurrences of nutritional deficit nursing problems. Levine rsquo s Conversation Theory approach is done using energy conservation principle, structural integrity conservation, personal integrity conservation, and social integrity conservation.

The research result from the intervention of discharge planning education with Levine rsquo s Conservation Theory could improve the mothers rsquo knowledge and skills so that the fulfillment of nutritional needs of the infants fulfilled and also increasing the infants rsquo weight. Nurse could make the intervention as a standard procedure for premature infants who experienced breastfeeding difficulty."

"Intoleransi minum merupakan masalah yang umum terjadi pada bayi prematur Tujuan penulisan Karya Ilmiah Akhir ini adalah memberikan gambaran penerapan Model Konservasi Levine pada bayi prematur dengan intoleransi minum dan gambaran pelaksanaan Praktik Residensi Keperawatan Anak Model Konservasi Levine berfokus pada peningkatan adaptasi melalui prinsip konservasi untuk mencapai integritas diri Penerapan Model Konservasi Levine tertuang dalam lima kasus terpilih Pada lima kasus terpilih tersebut ditemukan masalah gangguan pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi yang disebabkan oleh intoleransi minum Adapun masalah keperawatan lainnya adalah bersihan jalan napas tidak efektif gangguan pola napas gangguan termoregulasi risiko infeksi risiko gangguan perkembangan dan gangguan proses keluarga Masalah masalah tersebut dapat memperberat intoleransi minum dan menghambat proses pemulihan pada bayi prematur Asuhan keperawatan pada kasus terpilih diberikan oleh residen dengan melaksanakan perannya sebagai pemberi asuhan pendidik konsultan koordinator pengambil keputusan etik legal dan sebagai peneliti.

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Feeding intolerance is a common problem in premature infants The purpose of this Final Scientific Work is to describe the application of Levine Conservation Model in preterm infants with feeding intolerance and the implementation of Pediatric Nursing Residency Practice Levine Conservation Model focuses on the adaptation improvement through conservation principles to achieve wholeness Levine Conservation Model was implemented in five selected cases In the five selected cases there was a nutritional intake problem caused by feeding intolerance The other problems were ineffective airway clearance ineffective breathing pattern ineffective thermoregulation risk for infection risk for developmental disorder and altered family process These problems can aggravate the feeding intolerance and inhibit the healing process of premature infants The nursing care to selected cases was given by the resident by implementing the roles as a caregiver an educator a consultant a coordinator an ethical and legal decision maker and a researcher"

"Penulisan karya ilmiah akhir ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran penerapan teori Model Konservasi pada bayi dengan kebutuhan asuhan perkembangan. Bayi berat lahir rendah (BBLR) membutuhkan adaptasi yang luar biasa agar dapat mempertahankan kelansungan hidupnya, oleh sebab itu dibutuhkan perawatan NICU. Namun ternyata dampak dari perawatan NICU yang lama mengakibatkan tingginya angka kesakitan dan disabilitas pada BBLR kedepannya. Oleh sebab itu intervensi dini harus sudah diberikan sejak awal bayi mulai dirawat melalui asuhan perkembangan. Asuhan perkembangan adalah segala upaya yang dilakukan dalam rangka memberikan dukungan fisik, psiko dan sosial kepada bayi berat lahir rendah dengan cara memodifikasi lingkungan agar dapat mempromosikan pertumbuhan dan perkembangannya. Salah satu intervensi dini yang dapat memperbaiki kekurangan stimulasi yang membangun untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan adalah stimulasi taktil kinestetik yang dilakukan oleh ibu.

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This scientific final assignment is intended to describe the application of the theory of Conservation Model in infants with developmental care needs. Low birth weight infants needs a great effort to adapt and survive, therefore need neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). But it turns out the impac to fthe old NICU care resulting in high morbidity and disability. Therefore,early intervention should have been given since the beginning of the baby was admitted through developmental care. Developmental care is all the efforts made in order to facilitate and support the physical, social and psycho of low birth weight infant through modifications to the environment to be able to promote the growth and development of low birth weight infant. One of the early intervention that can correct the lack of stimulation to promote growth and development is a tactile kinestetic stimulation by the mother."

"[ABSTRAKBayi prematur dapat mengalami hambatan kenaikan berat badan yang disebabkan oleh usia gestasi, penyakit penyerta, dan pengalaman nyeri atau stres. Hambatan kenaikan berat badan dapat diatasi dengan asuhan keperawatan yang tepat dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi pada bayi prematur. Asuhan keperawatan dengan Model Konservasi Levine telah digunakan pada aplikasi praktik residensi di Ruang Neonatus Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo dalam menganalisis kenaikan berat badan bayi prematur pada lima kasus terpilih mulai dari Bulan Maret-Mei tahun 2015. Analisis kasus didapatkan dari tahap pengkajian, tropikognosis, hipotesis, intervensi, dan evaluasi. Tropikognosis yang telah teridentifikasi yaitu risiko gangguan pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi. Intervensi telah dilakukan berdasarkan prinsip konservasi dan hasil evaluasinya yaitu bayi prematur mengalami kenaikan berat badan dengan konservasi energi. Kenaikan berat badan pada bayi prematur menunjukkan keberhasilan dari penerapan asuhan keperawatan berbasis Model Konservasi Levine.

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ABSTRACTThe preterm infant can has an obstacle of increasing weight which is caused by gestational age, health problems which followed and pain/ stress experience. The obstacle of increasing weight can be handled with giving nursing care in proper nutrition needs. Nursing care with Levine?s Conservation Model has been applied in residence practice application in neonates wards Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital to analyze increasing weight of preterm infant in five selected cases start from March until May 2015. Case analyze is founded from assessment, trophicognosis, hypothesis, intervention, and evaluation. Trophicognosis which identified was disturbance risk in fullfil nutrition needs. Intervention were done based on conservation principle and the result of evaluation that preterm infant has increasing weight with energy conservation. Increasing weight in preterm infant showed a successful application of nursing care based on Levine?s Conservation Model. ;The preterm infant can has an obstacle of increasing weight which is caused by gestational age, health problems which followed and pain/ stress experience. The obstacle of increasing weight can be handled with giving nursing care in proper nutrition needs. Nursing care with Levine?s Conservation Model has been applied in residence practice application in neonates wards Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital to analyze increasing weight of preterm infant in five selected cases start from March until May 2015. Case analyze is founded from assessment, trophicognosis, hypothesis, intervention, and evaluation. Trophicognosis which identified was disturbance risk in fullfil nutrition needs. Intervention were done based on conservation principle and the result of evaluation that preterm infant has increasing weight with energy conservation. Increasing weight in preterm infant showed a successful application of nursing care based on Levine?s Conservation Model. , The preterm infant can has an obstacle of increasing weight which is caused by gestational age, health problems which followed and pain/ stress experience. The obstacle of increasing weight can be handled with giving nursing care in proper nutrition needs. Nursing care with Levine’s Conservation Model has been applied in residence practice application in neonates wards Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital to analyze increasing weight of preterm infant in five selected cases start from March until May 2015. Case analyze is founded from assessment, trophicognosis, hypothesis, intervention, and evaluation. Trophicognosis which identified was disturbance risk in fullfil nutrition needs. Intervention were done based on conservation principle and the result of evaluation that preterm infant has increasing weight with energy conservation. Increasing weight in preterm infant showed a successful application of nursing care based on Levine’s Conservation Model. ]"