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"Politeknik Negeri Jakarta (PNJ) dalam menghadapai tantangan globalisasi dan perkembangan teknologi informasi telah merespon melalui proses penyelenggaraan Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi dengan visi PNJ menjadi politeknik berkelas dunia pada tahun 2029. Faktanya, PNJ melakukan inovasi melalui kurikulum berbasis KKNI dan kebutuhan industri, penelitian berorientasi pada HAKI dan paten, pengabdian berbasis pada pemberdayaan masyarakat serta penyelenggaraan pendidikan inklusi untuk siswa berkebutuhan khusus. Collaborative knowledge creation (CKC) yang terjadi dalam organisasi digunakan dalam menjawab “the right knowledge” untuk “the right people” pada “the right time”. Merujuk pada Alvarez (2012) penerapan CKC di dalam organisasi merupakan syarat agar bertahan di dalam persaingan global. Sedangkan Du Chatenier et.al., (2009) menggambarkan empat tahapan implementasi CKC, yaitu : (1) externalizing and sharing, (2) interpreting and analyzing, (3) negotiating and revising dan (4) combining and creating. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis proses pembelajaran yang partisipatif berdasarkan budaya di dalam kerangka suatu sistem terbuka yang rumit dan kompleks berbentuk human activity systems (HAS) pada organisasi Politeknik melalui konsep CKC dengan pendekatan dual imperative systems yang menggunakan soft systems methodology (SSM) serta meminjam PNJ sebagai laboratorium untuk kepentingan research interest dan problem solving. Dalam research interest, SSM hanya dilakukan sampai tahap keenam dan penerapan CKC di PNJ memiliki karakteristik yang sama dengan ciri dan keunggulan Politeknik sebagai pendidikan tinggi vokasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keseluruhan empat tahapan dalam CKC (externalizing and sharing, interpreting and analyzing, negotiating and revising, dan combining and creating) digunakan dalam proses penyusunan dan pengembangan model pendidikan tinggi vokasi dan mendukung peningkatan kualitas pelaksanaan Tri Dharma PT. Penelitian ini melibatkan aktor yang berwenang dan berkompeten, dimulai dari tingkat individu, kelompok, organisasi dan antar organisasi Politeknik. Penerapan setiap tahapan CKC dalam proses penyusunan dan pengembangan model pendidikan tinggi vokasi memerlukan kontribusi peran dari setiap individu (Direktur, Pudir, Kajur, KPS, Kepala Unit dan dosen), kelompok (Pimpinan PNJ, Pimpinan Jurusan, Pimpinan Unit), organisasi (PNJ) dan antar organisasi (Forum Direktur Politeknik, wakil dari Dikti, dunia industri serta asosiasi profesi). PNJ memainkan peran penting melalui penyempurnaan kelembagaan yang didukung kebijakan pemerintah, meningkatkan kualitas lulusan dan mutu pembelajaran, memperkuat daya inovasi, kerja sama dengan dunia industri, pemerintah dan institusi lainnya.

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In facing the challenges of globalization and information technology, State Polytechnic of Jakarta ( PNJ ) has responded by implementation of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education with PNJ vision become a world-class polytechnic in 2029. In fact, PNJ innovation is done through standard curriculum needs of the industry, the number of research oriented, intellectual property rights and patents, devotion based on community development and the implementation of inclusive education for students with special needs. Collaborative knowledge creation ( CKC ) is happening in the organization used to answer "the right knowledge" to "the right people" at "the right time". Referring to Alvarez ( 2012) application of the CKC in the organization is a requirement in order to survive in the global competition. While Du Chaternier et al, (2009 ) describes four stages of implementation CKC: (1) externalizing and sharing, (2) analyzing and interpreting, (3) negotiating and revising, and (4) combining and creating.

The purpose of this study is aimed to analyze the learning process in a participatory of CKC and based culture within the framework of an open complicated and complex form of human activity systems (HAS) at the Polytechnic organization with dual imperative systems approach that use soft systems methodology (SSM) and borrow PNJ as a laboratory for the benefit of research interests and problem solving. In the research of interest, SSM only done until the sixth stage and the application of the CKC in PNJ has the same characteristics with the characteristics and advantages of the Polytechnic as higher vocational education.

The results showed that all four stages in CKC (externalizing and sharing, analyzing and interpreting, negotiating and revising, and combining and creating) used in the formulation and development of higher vocational education models and support the implementation of quality improvement “Tri Dharma” of higher education. Research involving actors and competent authorities, starting from the level of the individual, group, organizational and inter-organizational Polytechnic. CKC application of each stage in the process of drafting and development of higher vocational education model requires the contribution of each individual role ( Director, Vice Director , Head of Department, Head of Unit and Lecturer ), group (Director and Vice Director, Head of Department, Head of Unit), organization (PNJ) and inter organizational ( Polytechnic Director 's Forum, representatives of Higher Education: Ministry of Education and Culture, industries and professional associations ). In the face of globalization and helping to improve the nation's competitiveness, PNJ have an important role through institutional improvements and supported by government policies, improve the quality of the graduates, the quality of learning and teaching process, strengthen innovation and do collaboration with industries, gevernment and other institutions."

"Riset yang berfokus pada kompetensi MSDM (human resource competency) ini,mempunyai dua tujuan, yaitu: problem solving interest dan research interest. Subjek penelitian, Bank BTN dianalisis dari sisi regulasi, struktur, tata kelola, serta dinamika internal human capital management menghadapi situasi kompleks problematis era ASEAN Economic Community 2015 dan ASEAN financial integration 2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah serba sistem lunak berbasis riset tindakan. Hasilnya, Bank BTN tidak melakukan tindakan sistemik dalam sistem kepemimpinan dan sistem kerja kinerja unggul. Kompetensi MSDM sebagai leverage dapat tercapai melalui efikasi individu dan efikasi organisasi. Sebagai riset akademik, refleksi teoritis memberikan kebaruan berupa disain ulang kompetensi MSDM. Disain alternatif tersebut dihasilkan melalui integrasi sistem pemosisi strategis dengan sistem kerja kinerja unggul melalui sistem proaktivis kredibel empat tingkat. Rekomendasi: organisasi bank perlu mengadopsi desain alternatif, Sistem Kompetensi Modal Manusia, sehingga menjadi center of excellence dalam bidangnya melalui dialog serta tindakan nyata sistemik yang inklusif, holistik dan strategis.

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The Research, that focuses on human resource competency, has two objectives, namely: problem solving interest and research interest. Bank BTN, subject of the research, were analyzed in terms of regulation, structure, governance, and the internal dynamics of human capital management in facing a problematic situation in ASEAN Economic Community 2015 and ASEAN financial integration 2020.

Soft systems methodology based action research was used as the approach. As a result, Bank BTN has not performed systemic action in their leadership system and superior performance work systems yet. Human resource competencies, as leverage, can be achieved through personal efficacy and organizational efficacy.

As an academic research, theoretical reflections provide novelty in the form of human resource competency redesign. The alternative design was produced by an integration of strategic positioner system with high performance work systems through proactivists credible four-level systems.

Recommendation: a bank organization needs to adopt the concept of human capital competency systems to be a center of excellence in its field through systemically inclusive, holistic, and strategic dialogue and real action."

"Organisasi nonprofit secara terus-menerus ditantang untuk berpikir jauh ke depan guna meningkatkan kapasitasnya. Pengembangan kapasitas organisasi nonprofit adalah jalan untuk meningkatkan organisasi agar mampu mencapai misinya secara efektif, efisien, dan berkelanjutan di dalam perubahan lingkungan yang sangat cepat dan dramatis terjadi sekarang ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengembangan kapasitas organisasi nonprofit pada tahap pertumbuhan melalui enam komponen internal dan empat komponen eksternal Yayasan Pesat Papua yang dijadikan sebagai dunia nyata. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah action research berbasis soft systems methodology (Checkland dan Poulter, 2006) yang terdiri atas dua jenis aktivitas yang dilakukan secara bersamaan, yaitu research interest dan problem solving interest (McKay dan Marshall, 2001) dengan memenuhi kriteria systematically desirable and culturaly feasible (Flood and Jackson, 1991). Sedangkan teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menurut Brothers dan Sherman (2012) yang menyatakan ada enam komponen internal yang perlu diintervensi dan diperkuat kapasitasnya pada tahap pertumbuhan, yakni kepemimpinan, budaya organisasi, peranan dewan pengurus, perluasan program, manajemen dan infrastruktur, keberlanjutan keuangan. Kemudian menurut De Vita, dkk (2001) menyatakan ada empat komponen eksternal organisasi yang perlu dikelola, yaitu sosial demografik, ekonomi/pasar, politik, dan nilai-nilai dan norma. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk research interest, yaitu gaya kepemimpinan yayasan perlu diperlengkapi dengan kepemimpinan transformasional, lalu perlu didesain struktur sederhana, dan ditingkatkannya peran dewan pembina. Sedangkan untuk problem solving interest, yaitu perlu dilakukan perluasan program kerja yayasan melalui proses perumusan yang benar, pembentukan manajemen SDM, pengembangan keberlanjutan keuangan yayasan melalui aktivitas usaha ekonomi, hasil penjualan layanan yayasan, dan bantuan pemerintah. Kemudian untuk komponen eksternal perlu dibentuknya kolaborasi antara LSM, pemda, dan swasta, dibangunnya kegiatan bisnis, partisipasi politik, dan hubungan masyarakat.

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The nonprofit organizations are challenged to think forward to develop their capacity. Capacity building is solution to improve the organization and could accomplish its mission efectively, eficiently, and continuously in a rapid and dramatic environment change as happen now. This research aims to analyze nonprofit organization capacity building in the growth stage by using Yayasan Pesat Papua’s six internal components and four external components as the real world (Checkland and Poulter, 2006), consist of two activities that had been done simultaneously, i.e.: research interest and problem solving interest (McKay and Marshall, 2011) that complying the criteria of systematically desirable and culturally feasible (Flood and Jackson, 1991). Meanwhile the theory that was used in this research is according to Brothers and Sherman (2012), states there are six internal components need intervention and strengthen the capacity in the growth stage such as: leadership, organization’s culture, the role of board, expansion of the programs, management and infrastructure, sustainability of financial. Then according to De Vita, et. al. (2001) states there are four organization’s external components which need to manage such as: social demographic, economic/market, politic, and values and norms. The result of this research shows that the nonprofit capacity building in the growth stage for research interest, the foundation leader’s style need to be equipped with a transformational leadership style, then simple structure is needed to be designed, and the role of board is improved. Whereas for the problem solving interest, it is necessary to do organization’s working program expansion through correct formulation process, formation of HR management, development of the organization’s financial sustainability through the economic works, the disposal of the organization’s service and the aid from the government. Then for the external components, it is neccessary to make colaboration among the NGO, local government and private, development of business activity, politic participation, and public relation."

"Kajian ini merupakan aplikasi riset tindakan berbasis Soft Systems Methodology yang mengacu kepada dual imperatives dari McKay dan Marshall ( 2001) yaitu research interest dan problem solving interest untuk melakukan penataan ulang governansi dalam pengelolaan hutan lindung. Institusi yang memegang peranan penting dalam governansi pengelolaan hutan lindung di Kabupaten Wonosobo adalah Perum Perhutani berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 72 Tahun 2010. Adapun pihak lain yang terkait erat dengan pengelolaan hutan lindung adalah pemerintah daerah, masyarakat desa hutan, serta stake holder seperti Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat (LSM).Dalam prakteknya, governansi dalam pengelolaan hutan lindung banyak menghadapi permasalahan. Permasalahan tersebut disebabkan antara lain oleh perambahan serta perusakan hutan lindung yang mengakibatkan terjadinya deforestasi dan berkurangnya fungsi hutan lindung. Implementasi kebijakan serta koordinasi dalam rangka pengelolaan hutan lindung juga menghadapi berbagai permasalahan. Oleh karena itu tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis penataan ulang governansi, implementasi kebijakan, serta pelaksanaan koordinasi yang efektif dalam pengelolaan hutan lindung.Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa penataan ulang governansi dalam pengelolaan hutan lindung dapat dilakukan melalui perubahan yang systematically desirable dan culturally feasible di mana partisipasi, efisiensi dan efektivitas, keadilan dan kesetaraan, transparansi, akuntabilitas, dan konsensus dapat diadopsi sebagai prinsip-prinsip governansi yang baik dalam pengelolaan hutan lindung di Kabupaten Wonosobo. Implementasi kebijakan menyangkut hutan lindung dapat dimaksimalkan dengan meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat desa hutan mengenai fungsi hutan lindung. Komunikasi dan interaksi yang intensif antar institusi sangat penting untuk meningkatkan efektivitas koordinasi dalam pengelolaan hutan lindung di Kabupaten Wonosobo.

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This study is an application of action research based on the Soft Systems Methodology which refers to the concept dual imperatives, as put forwarded by McKay and Marshall (2001) ? research interest and problem solving interest ? in dealing with restructuring governance for protected forests. According to the Government Regulation No. 72 of 2010, Perum Perhutani is a government institution that should play a crucial important role in the governance of protected forest in the Wonosobo Regency. Other parties having close relations to the governance of protected forests are local governments, villagers living next to the forests, as well as those stakeholders such as non-governmental organizations (NGOS).In practice, the governance of protected forest management does face a lot of problems. These problems are partly caused by encroachment and destruction of protected forests which then lead to deforestation and also reduced functions of the protected forests. In addition to this, policy implementation and coordination within the context of protected forest management also face various problems. Therefore, the main purpose of this research is to investigate governance restructure, policy implementation, as well as the implementation of effective coordination in the management of protected forests.The results show that governance restructure for the protected forest management can be done through systematically desirable and culturally feasible changes in which participation, efficiency and effectiveness, fairness and equality, transparency, accountability, and consensus can be adopted as principles of good governance in the management of protected forests in the Wonosobo Regency, in particular. Maximum efforts associated with protected forest oriented policy implementation can be made by enhancing the nearby villagers?s understanding of the functions of protected forests. At the same time, intensive communication and interaction among related institutions are also essential in order to improve the effectiveness of coordination in the management of protected forests in the Wonosobo Regency."

"This book presents perspectives on the knowledge creation metaphor of learning, and elaborates the trialogical approach to learning. The knowledge creation metaphor differs from both the acquisition and the participation metaphors. In a nutshell trialogical approaches seek to engage learners in joint work with shared objects and artefacts mediated by collaboration technology. The theoretical underpinnings stem from different origins, including Bereiter and Scardamalia’s theory on knowledge building and Engeström’s activity theory. The authors in this collection introduce key concepts and techniques, explain tools designed and developed to support knowledge creation, and report results from case studies in specific contexts. The book chapters integrate theoretical, methodological, empirical and technological research, to elaborate the empirical findings and to explain the design of the knowledge creation tools. "

"Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang upaya peningkatan kompetensi pengawas sekolah pada bidang penelitian dan pengembangan di Dinas Pendidikan Daerah Kabupaten Morowali dengan menggunakan metode Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) dan ditujukan untuk problem solving interest. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana proses pembelajaran pada kegiatan peningkatan kompetensi pengawas sekolah sehingga upaya yang dilakukan dapat meningkatkan kompetensi pengawas sehingga kelak dapat berkinerja sesuai dengan kompetensi yang dimiliki. Untuk menjawab permasalahan penelitian tersebut peneliti merumuskan tujuan yakni mengkontruksi proses pembelajaran pada kegiatan peningkatan kompetensi pengawas sekolah pada bidang penelitian dan pengembangan. Temuan dalam penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa untuk meningkatkan kompetensi pengawas sekolah pada bidang penelitian dan pengembangan dilakukan melalui proses pembelajaran dengan aktifitas-aktifitas yang logis pada kegiatan pelatihan, mentoring dan pemberdayaan Kelompok Kerja Pengawas Sekolah.

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This research study about the efforts to increase the competence of school superintendent in generating of research and development at Education Chamber of Morowali Regency by using Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) and aimed at problem solving interest. The problem in this study is how the learning process at school superintendent competence building activities so that the efforts made to improve the competence of superintendents that can later be performed in accordance with their competence. To answer the research problem, the researcher formulates the goal to construct the learning process at school superintendents competence building activities in generating of research and development. The findings in this study conclude that the school superntendents to improve competence in generating of research and development through the learning process with a logical activities through training, mentoring and empowerment Working Group School Superintendent."

"ABSTRAKKajian ini menyajikan ilustrasi daya saing UMKM Industri Kreatif pada sebuah kota di Indonesia. Berbeda dengan konstruksi daya saing yang sudah dilakukan dalam riset sebelumnya - misalnya market based view dan resource based view, maka daya saing direkonstruksi dengan basis kerangka kelembagaan bertingkat tiga, dengan meminjam model new institutionalism in economic sociology (NIES) ebagaimana diperkenalkan oleh Nee.Kajian ini termasuk dalam SSM-based action research dengan kategori theoretical research practice atau research interest. Menurut Flood and Jackson (1991) dengan pilihan ini, perubahan yang diinginkan dan mungkin dilakukan (feasible and desirable change) dengan mempertimbangkan systematically desirable, culturally feasible adalah pertimbangan di antara para peneliti dan reviewers, bukan pada pemilik masalah (problem owner).Berbeda dengan kajian Hardjosoekarto (2012), kajian ini senada dengan Kane dan Del Mistro (2003) yang memperlakukan P (small-and Medium-scale Creative Industry's) sebagai real world instance of A (Competitiveness Based on Three-tiered Institutional Frameworks), seperti yang disebutkan oleh McKay dan Marshall (2001).Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa daya saing UMKM Industri Kreatif (institutional framework based competitiveness) ditentukan oleh tiga tingkat kerangka kelembagaan (three-tiered Institutional Frameworks), yaitu regulasi, struktur tata kelola dan institusi informal yang berisi norma, budaya, nilai dan keterlekatan. Sebagai hasil kajian riset tindakan, menurut Checkland & Scholes (1990), konstruksi dya saing ini merupakan experience based knowledge yang dapat dikategorikan sebagai promary thesis dari konstruksi daya saing berdasarkan tingkat tataran kelembagaan, yang dapat digunakan sebagai basis pengujian lebih lanjut dari suatu eksplorasi studi saintifik lainnya, sebagaimana dikemukakan oleh Barton et al (2009), dan Stephens et al (2009) yang kemudian dipertegas oleh Hardjosoekarto (2012).

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ABSTRACT

The research presents a reconstrction of creative industry small medium enterprises competitiveness in a city in Indonesia. Unlike the competitiveness reconstruction done in previous researches, such as the market-based view and the resource-based view, this research reconstructs competitiveness based on the three-tiered institutional frameworks, borrowed from Nee's New Institutionalism in Economic Sociology (NIES) (2003, 2005).

The study applies SSM-basd action research with the category of theoretical research practice or research interest. According to Flood and Jackson (1991), through the choise, the feasible and desirable change, by considering the systematically desirable and culturally feasible factors, is the consideration among the researchers and reviewers, not on the problem owners.

Different from Hardjosoekarto's study (2012), the study s more similar to the one by Kane and Del Mistro (2003) that treated P (SMEs on Creative Industry) as the real-world instance of A (Competitiveness Based on Three-tiered Institutional Frameworks) as stated by McKay and marshall (2001).

The result of the research shows that the institutional framework-based competitiveness of SMEs is determines by the three tiered institutions consisting norms, culture, values, and embededness. As a resulth of Action Reserch study, according to Checkland &Scholes (1990), the competitiveness reconstruction is an experience-based knowledge that can be categorized as the primary thesis of the competitiveness reconstruction based on the more reliable institutional frameworks founded on the exploration of scientific study as stated by Barton et al. (2009), and Stephens et. al. (2009), later confirmed by Hardjosoekarto (2012)."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini merupakan implementasi dari penelitian dual imperatives (McKay dan Marshall, 2001), mencakup research interest dan problem solving interest, yaitu riset aksi (action research) yang menggunakan soft systems methodology (SSM). Penelitian ini termasuk katagori SSM based action research, yang sesuai dengan kategori theoritical research practice/business change practice dari Cronholm and Goldkuhl (2003). Dalam penelitian ini dikaji bagaimana suatu organisasi bisnis menyiapkan dirinya mengatasi berbagai masalah problematik yang dihadapinya. Kajian dilakukan terhadap PT Medco Ethanol Lampung (MEL), yang baru pertama kali terjun dalam bisnis bioethanol dan telah mengalami berbagai masalah yang bersifat problematik. Pengalaman problematik tersebut telah menjadi semacam rujukan dunia nyata (real world) dalam penelitian di MEL yang berfungsi sebagai laboratorium sosial.MEL memerlukan pengetahuan yang unggul agar bisa memberikan kontribusi signifikan dalam pengembangan BBN. Penciptaan pengetahuan (knowledge creation) yang unggul dicapai melalui penerapan strategi pembelajaran interorganisasional menggunakan framework proses pembelajaran IGDI (knowledge- Identification; Generation; Diffusion; Integration) (Pawslowsky, Forslin dan Reinhardt dalam Dierkes et al, 2001). Bagaimana mengkonstruksi pembelajaran interorganisasional dan hubungan interpersonal menjadi tujuan penelitian berbasis research interest, sedangkan tujuan penelitian berbasis problem solving interest adalah bagaimana mengkonstruksi struktur pembiayaan produksi melalui faktor-faktor penting dalam knowledge creation melalui pendekatan IGDI yang menjamin tercapainya pendapatan berkelanjutan di MEL.Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa efektivitas proses pembelajaran IGDI dipengaruhi oleh faktor keberhasilan yang terdiri dari motivasi, leadership, trust, kapasitas penyerapan, kemampuan mengkombinasikan berbagai kapabilitas, kedekatan dan teknologi informasi. Sedangkan untuk mengatasi masalah problematiknya MEL harus mengadakan integrasi vertikal ke arah hulu, agar menjamin tersedianya bahan baku dalam waktu, harga dan kualitas yang sesuai standar, melalui penguasaan perkebunan. Sedangkan ke arah hilir perlu memperluas konsumen melalui kerjasama erat dengan Pemerintah, yang diharapkan bisa memfasilitasi upaya peningkatan jumlah konsumen. Secara keseluruhan harus ada sinergi antara makro dan mikro untuk mencapai keunggulan besama.

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ABSTRACTThis study is an implementation of dual imperatives research (McKay and Marshall, 2001), to cover research interest and problem solving interest, and categorized as a Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) based action research using theoritical research practice/business change practice by Cronholm and Goldkuhl (2003). The study is researching the way a business organization respond to a problematic situation. PT Medco Ethanol Lampung (MEL) is a new business corporation with the vision to establish a bioethanol corporation to produce biofuel product with a very significant problematic situation. The problematic experienced of MEL become a social laboratory and a real world reference for this study.MEL required excellent knowledge for significant contribution in the biofuel development, and the knowledge creation will be achieved through the implementation of strategic learning process frame work of knowledge identification; knowledge diffusion, knowledge generation and knowledge integration (IGDI) (Pawlowsky, Forslin and Reinhardt in Dierkes et al. 2001). How to construct interorganizational learning and interpersonal learning are the primary objects of research interest objective. And how to construct the structure of production cost become primary objective in the problem solving interest objetive.The results of this study is an analysis of a phenomenon of the acquisition and knowledge creation through inter-organizational learning and interpersonal relations with IGDI approach, which can be used by business organizations in responding to external challenges. The study also concluded that the effectiveness of the learning process IGDI is influenced by the characteristics of interorganizational learning and interpersonal relations. The major influence are motivation, leadership, trust, absorptive capacity, ability to combined several capabilities, interpersonal networks and information technology. Critical success factor for the sustainable production is raw material supply and highest product consumption to achieved economies size capacity of the factory. To solve the strategic problem the company should exercise vertical integration to upstream and downstream. By upstream integration company will have access and control to raw material supply through acquisition of sufficient farm site.For downstream integration the company should increase product consumption through close cooperation with government authorities. Government support will be necessary especially in the land use policy as well as biofuel usage policy."