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"Proporsi wanita di Indonesia yang duduk di manajemen perusahaan hanya sekitar 6% dari jumlah total angkatan kerja. Menteri Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) percaya bahwa wanita mampu menjadi pemimpin bahkan lebih baik dari laki-laki dan mempunyai aspirasi untuk melipatgandakan jumlah wanita di kalangan Direktur di BUMN. Pentingnya organisasi untuk mempertahankan dan mengembangkan pemimpin wanita dibahas pada tinjauan pustaka. Kemudian, komposisi gender pada manajemen BUMN dianalisa dan ditelaah.Pada penelitian ini ditemukan angka rasio wanita yang berada di manajemen BUMN rendah tetapi ada optimisme bahwa angka tersebut akan naik. Ditemukan bahwa program pengembangan experiential yang dilakukan para peserta penelitian dilakukan berdasarkan inisiatif mereka; dan investasi BUMN pada program pengembangan kepemimpinan karyawan wanita, rendah.

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The proportion of women in Indonesia who sit in the board of directors was only 6% out of the entire women work force. The Minister for State-Owned Enterprise (BUMN) Republic of Indonesia believed that women were capable to be leaders as well or even better than men and had an aspiration to multiply the number of woman in the Director and CEO levels of BUMN. The importance of retaining and developing women leaders for organizations was demonstrated in the literature review. Subsequently, gender composition in BUMNs management and the leadership development of women leaders in BUMNs were explored and analyzed.In this research, low ratio number of women in BUMNs management team was found but there was optimism that the number will increase. Key points discovered in this research were experiential development programs done by the participantsown initiatives; and BUMNs poor investment on leadership development programs towards women employees."

"Similar to many other countries in the world, Indonesia has been experiencing the increasing number of women workers participation both in formal and informal sectors. While in formal sector the number of female employees has increased from around 10 millions in 2008 to nearly 13 millions in 2011; in informal sector the figure is even doubled: more than 28 millions in 2008 to more than 30 millions in 2011. However to date, women workers are associated with low-skilled, lowwage workers who work in precarious working environment. Women are seldom hold managerial position both in public and private sector. The proportion of women in Indonesia who sit in the board of directors is only 6% from the entire women workers. Thus, this research aims to explore their development experience along the way. In order to obtain initial information, interviews with nine women managers from State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) were conducted. SOEs were chosen for convenience reason. The research indicates the low ratio number of women in SOEs management team although there is an optimism that the number would increase. Key point discovered in this research is that development experience is mainly done by the participants own initiatives whereas organisational supports are found very limited. This findings will be further explored and confirmed by involving more women managers from various sectors."

"ABSTRAKSkripsi ini membahas mengenai fungsi tindakan antipersaingan BUMN, tindakan antipersaingan BUMN merupakan suatu fungsi yang dilaksanakan BUMN untuk mencapai tujuan khusus yang dibebankan kepada BUMN, yaitu terpenuhinya kepentingan umum yang terutama dan di samping itu juga untuk meraih peningkatan pendapatan Negara Indonesia. Penyalahgunaan tindakan antipersaingan BUMN mengganggu persaingan dan pelaku usaha sektor swasta. Namun, penegakan hukum persaingan usaha terhadap BUMN dengan perlakuan yang sama terhadap pelaku usaha sektor swasta lain dapat menghambat BUMN dalam memenuhi kepentingan umum. Hasil penelitian ini menyarankan agar dalam penegakan hukum persaingan usaha terhadap tindakan antipersaingan BUMN harus memperhatikan dua tujuan yang berbeda dari BUMN (kepentingan umum dan meraih keuntungan) dan pengarahan kebijakan pemerintah yang menjadi dasar bertindak dari BUMN.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis discusses about the function of anticompetitive actions of SOE’s, SOEs’s anticompetitive action is a function that is implemented by SOEs to achieve specific objectives assigned to SOEs, that is the fulfillment of public interest especially and in addition also for increase Indonesia’s (state’s) income. Abuse of anticompetitive action SOE disrupt competition and private sector entrepreneurs. However, competition law enforcement against SOEs with the same treatment to other private sector entrepreneurs can inhibit SOEs to fulfill the public interest. The results of this study suggest that in competition law enforcement action against anticompetitive action by SOEs must consider two different objectives of the SOE (public interest and profit) and direct government policies that became the basis for the action of SOEs."

"Dalam berbagai industri, terdapat kecenderungan yang berlangsung sejak dahulu di mana keterwakilan perempuan sangat kurang pada posisi manajemen senior. Disparitas ini tetap berlanjut meskipun perempuan menunjukkan kepemilikan pengetahuan, keterampilan, kompetensi, pelatihan, dan pengalaman yang diperlukan untuk berhasil dalam industri konstruksi. Namun, perkembangan perempuan terkendala oleh hambatan yang terus-menerus menghalangi kemajuan karier perempuan. Studi ini mengkaji hambatan-hambatan yang membuat perempuan di perusahaan milik negara Indonesia di sektor infrastruktur (BUMN Infrastruktur) sulit untuk mengembangkan karier. Sampel penelitian ini mencakup 280 pekerja di tingkat manajerial di BUMN Infrastruktur. Studi ini menggunakan 38 item dari "TOP WOMAN," terdiri dari tujuh dimensi yang diidentifikasi sebagai hambatan-hambatan bagi akses perempuan ke posisi manajemen. Kami menemukan bahwa budaya organisasi merupakan faktor pendukung yang memiliki korelasi positif dan signifikan terhadap peluang karier perempuan, sedangkan stereotip gender, akses ke jaringan berpengaruh, keseimbangan pekerjaan dan keluarga, dan preferensi pengembangan karier memiliki faktor penghambat yang memiliki korelasi signifikan dengan peluang karier perempuan menurut persepsi karyawan BUMN Infrastruktur. Selain itu, laki-laki dan perempuan menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan dalam persepsi mereka terhadap hambatan-hambatan terhadap peluang karier, yaitu preferensi dan pengembangan karier, stereotip gender, penilaian kinerja yang berbeda, praktik sumber daya manusia yang tidak adil, dan budaya organisasi. Penelitian ini merangkum hambatan-hambatan utama yang dialami oleh perempuan dalam mengembangkan karier mereka untuk memberikan rekomendasi bagi pengembangan diri individu dan saran-saran untuk perbaikan organisasi kepada manajer SDM. Upaya penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan wawasan berharga dalam mencapai tujuan yang dinyatakan oleh Menteri Badan Usaha Milik Negara mengenai peningkatan perwakilan perempuan dalam peran manajemen senior.

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Throughout various industries, there exists a longstanding trend of women facing significant under-representation in senior management roles. This disparity persists despite the undeniable presence of women possessing the requisite knowledge, skills, competencies, training, and experiences necessary to excel in the construction industry. However, their progress is impeded by persistent barriers to entry and hindered career advancement opportunities. This study investigates the obstacles that prevent women from advancing in the infrastructure sector of state-owned enterprises in Indonesia (Infrastructure SOE). This study's sample consisted of 280 managerial-level infrastructure SOE employees. It utilized 38 items from the "Top Woman" Scale, which consisted of seven dimensions designated as obstacles to women's access to management positions. According to the perceptions of BUMN Infrastructure employees, organizational culture is a supportive factor that has a positive and significant correlation with women's career opportunities, whereas gender stereotypes, access to influential networks, work-family balance, and career development preferences have an inhibitor factor that is significantly correlated with female career opportunities. In addition, men and women's perceptions of barriers to career opportunities, such as career preferences and development, gender stereotypes, distinct performance evaluations, unfair human resource practices, and organizational culture, differed significantly. This research summarizes the primary obstacles women experience in advancing their careers in order to provide recommendations for individual self-development and suggestions for organizational improvement to HR managers. This research endeavor aims to contribute valuable insights towards the realization of the goals articulated by the Minister of State-Owned Enterprises pertaining to the augmentation of women's representation within senior management roles."

"ABSTRAKSaat ini, penentuan status kekayaan negara di dalam BUMN Persero negara Indonesia diatur oleh dua kelompok peraturan perundang-undangan yang saling bertentangan. Terdapat kelompok peraturan perundang-undangan yang menentukan bahwa, kekayaan BUMN Persero merupakan bagian dari keuangan negara. Sedangkan, terdapat juga kelompok peraturan perundang-undangan yang menentukan bahwa, kekayaan BUMN Persero bukan merupakan bagian dari keuangan negara. Adanya dualisme hukum yang mengatur tentang status hukum kekayaan negara di dalam BUMN Persero , senyatanya menghambat ruang gerak BUMN Persero dalam bersaing untuk memperoleh keuntungan. Disisi lain, regulasi yang mengatur tentang status kekayaan negara di dalam SOE negara Singapura kompak untuk tidak mengkategorisasikan kekayaan SOE sebagai bagian dari keuangan negara. Skripsi ini mencoba untuk mengkaji secara normatif regulasi tentang penentuan status kekayaan negara di Indonesia dan Singapura. Hasil penelitian dalam skripsi ini menunjukkan bahwa, regulasi yang berlaku di SOE Singapura memberikan dampak positif berupa, adanya kedudukan yang setara dengan perusahaan swasta untuk memperoleh laba sehingga, SOE mampu memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap pendapatan negara. Dalam rangka memperbaiki dan mengembangkan kinerja BUMN Persero , pemerintah Indonesia perlu merujuk dan belajar dari regulasi yang mengatur tentang penentuan status kekayaan negara di dalam SOE di Singapura.

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ABSTRACTNowadays, the determination of state property rsquo s status in BUMN Persero are governed by the two groups of conflicting regulations. There is a group of regulations which determines that, the property rsquo s of BUMN Persero are part of the state finance. Meanwhile, there is also a group of regulations whichdetermines that, the property rsquo s of BUMN Persero aren rsquo t part of the state finance. In fact,this kind of the dualism of law obstruct the roles of BUMN Persero to get the levelof playing field, in order to gain profit. On the other hand, the regulations of the determination of state property rsquo s status in Singapore rsquo s SOE aren rsquo t categorized the property rsquo s of SOE as a part of state finance. This thesis attempts to research the regulations about the determination of state property rsquo s both in Indonesia dan Singapore normatively. The result of the research in this thesis shows that, the regulations which applied for Singapore rsquo s SOE create positive impacts in the form of the level of playing field, in order to gain profit, so that SOE can support the state income optimally. In order to ameliorate and improve the performance of BUMN Persero ,the government of Indonesia need to refer and learn from the regulations which governed the state property rsquo s status in Singapore rsquo s SOE."

"Peranan sektor jasa konstruksi, sebagai unsur produksi yang menjalankan proses konstruksi hingga menghasilkan suatu bangunan, akan semakin integral di masa mendatang. Walau demikian, sektor ini merupakan salah satu sektor yang memiliki risiko kecelakaan kerja yang tinggi, sehingga diperlukan langkah demi keselamatan kerja yang lebih baik. Studi ini mengembangkan instrumen indikator pengukuran sistem manajemen keselamatan dengan menggunakan kriteria sistem manajemen keselamatan konstruksi sesuai peraturan menteri dalam Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat (Permen PUPR) No.10/2021, sehingga dapat digunakan dalam menilai keselamatan di industri konstruksi. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan mixed-method exploratory design, yang dimulai dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan dilanjutkan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan BUMN karya yang diobservasi telah menerapkan sistem manajemen keselamatan konstruksi berdasarkan peraturan seperti PP 50 Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan dan Permen PUPR No.10 Tahun 2021 (SMKK 10/21). Selain itu, SOP perusahaan disusun meliputi kebijakan, prosedur, instruksi kerja, dan metode kerja. Meskipun pengukuran implementasi belum dilakukan dengan aplikasi khusus, namun penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengukuran dapat dilakukan secara daring melalui aplikasi yang dikembangkan dengan sistem manajemen. Faktor-faktor seperti kompetensi, SOP, dan SMKK 10/21 pun ditemukan mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap penerapan sistem manajemen keselamatan konstruksi

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Construction services now and in the future will be increasingly integral because of their role as an element of production that carries out the construction process to produce a building. The construction service sector is one of the sectors that has a high risk of work accidents, so improvement steps are needed towards better work safety. The novelty of this research is the development of a safety management system measurement indicator instrument using the construction safety management system criteria according to ministerial regulation in Ministry of Public Works and Housing (Permen PUPR) No. 10/2021 so that an instrument that can be used in assessing safety in the construction industry can be obtained. The methodology used in this research uses a mixed-method exploratory design approach, which starts with a qualitative approach and continues with a quantitative approach. The results show that the company has implemented a construction safety management system under regulations such as PP 50 of the Ministry of Manpower and ministerial regulation in the Ministry of Public Works and Housing (Permen PUPR) No. 10 of 2021 (SMKK 10/21). In addition, the company's SOPs, which include policies, procedures, work instructions, and work methods, have been compiled. Although implementation measurement has not been done with a dedicated application, research shows that measurement can be done online through an application developed by the management system. Factors such as competence, SOPs, and SMKK 10/21 significantly influence the implementation of the construction safety management system, with competence playing a robust role and SOPs and SMKK 10/21 exerting a powerful influence."

"BUMN memiliki peran dalam perkonomian nasional untuk menghasilkan barang dan jasa yang diperlukan untuk mewujudkan kemakmuran masyarakat yang sebesar-besarnya. Peranan ini menuntut setiap manajemen BUMN untuk mampu bersaing dan memberikan kontribusi positif bagi pendapatan nasional Indonesia. Salah satu indeks dalam melihat kinerja perusahaan adalah keterikatan kerja yang berdampak langsung terhadap kinerja pegawai BUMN. Namun, faktor-faktor yang dapat meningkatkan keterikatan kerja belum dapat diidentifikasi. Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana dukungan organisasi mempengaruhi keterikatan kerja melalui digital leadership dan etos kerja sebagai variabel mediasi. Dengan mengambil studi kasus pada salah satu BUMN di Indonesia, penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan data yang diperoleh dari 368 kuesioner yang diisi oleh karyawan PT HIJ yang merupakan anak usaha dari PT RED. Melalui metode CB-SEM, data dalam penelitian ini dievaluasi dengan bantuan software IBM AMOS 26. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dukungan organisasi ditemukan tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap work engagement. Namun demikian, penelitian ini menemukan temuan adanya peran mediasi penuh dari digital leadership dan work ethics dalam mendukung pengaruh perceived organisational support terhadap work engagement. Untuk itu, bagian akhir dari penelitian berisi mengenai saran praktis dan akademis yang dapat diterapkan baik oleh manajemen PT HIJ, perusahaan sejenis maupun peneliti selanjutnya.

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State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) have a role in the national economy to produce the goods and services needed to realise the greatest prosperity of society. This role requires every SOE management to be able to compete and make a positive contribution to Indonesia's national income. One of the indexes in looking at company performance is work engagement, which directly impacts the performance of SOE’s employees. However, the factors that can increase work engagement have not been identified. This study examines how perceived organisational support influences engagement through digital leadership and work ethics as mediating variables. Taking a case study on one of the SOEs in Indonesia, this research was analysed using data obtained from 368 questionnaires filled out by PT HIJ employees who are a subsidiary of PT RED. Through the CB-SEM method, the data in this study were evaluated with the help of IBM AMOS 26 software. The results of this study indicate that perceived organisational support was found not to affect work engagement. However, this study found that digital leadership and work ethics have a fully mediating role in supporting the effect of perceived organisational support on work engagement. For this reason, the final part of the research contains practical and academic suggestions that PT HIJ management, similar companies and future researchers can apply."

"ABSTRAKBUMN Indonesia masih memiliki tantangan untuk menerapkan mekanisme tata kelola perusahaan karena pengaturan kelembagaan masih lemah. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah memberikan analisis yang mendalam tentang bagaimana hubungan konsentrasi kepemilikan, kepemilikan institusi, kepemilikan asing dan ukuran direksi terhadap kinerja BUMN. Subjek dari riset ini merupakan BUMN publik yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2013-2018, yang menghasilkan total observasi sebanyak 120. Regresi data panel dilakukan untuk menguji hipotesis penelitian dan hasilnya ditemukan bukti bahwa konsentrasi kepemilikan, kepemilikan institusional, kepemilikan asing dan ukuran dewan direksi memiliki pengaruh yang beragam terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi terhadap literatur dengan objek penelitian pengaruh tatakelola perusahaan terhadap kinerja BUMN.

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ABSTRACTIndonesian State-Owned Enterprises still have challenges to implement corporate governance mechanisms due to weak institutional arrangements. The purpose of the study is to provide an in-depth analysis of how the relationship of ownership concentration, institutional ownership, foreign ownership and board size on the performance of State-Owned Enterprises. The subject of this research is public State-Owned Enterprises listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2013-2018, which produced a total of 120 observations. Panel data regression was conducted to test the research hypothesis and the results found evidence that ownership concentration, institutional ownership, foreign ownership and board size has mixed results towards firm performance. This research contributes to thecorporate governance literature by adding the State-Owned Enterprises as the research object."

"Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh teleworking, job resources, danpsychological empowerment terhadap work engagement, serta bagaimana peran jobresources dan psychological empowerment sebagai mediator. Sampel padapenelitian ini adalah karyawan yang bekerja di perusahaan BUMN di seluruhIndonesia dan sedang menjalankan pekerjaan dari rumah dengan melakukanteleworking yang berjumlah 271 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampelmenggunakan non-random sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling dengancara menyebarkan kuesioner melalui google form melalui berbagai aplikasi sepertisocial media (LinkedIn, Instagram, Whatsapp) kepada para responden yangmemenuhi kriteria. Adapun analisis data dan uji hipotesis pada penelitian inimenggunakan software SPSS 23 dan LISREL 8.8. Hasil dari penelitian inimenunjukkan bahwa penerapan teleworking di masa pandemi saat ini memilikipengaruh negatif namun tidak signifikan terhadap work engagement karyawanBUMN di Indonesia. Job resources memiliki pengaruh langsung terhadap workengagement karyawan, serta memiliki peran sebagai mediator dalam pengaruhantara teleworking dan work engagement. Selain itu, psychological empowermentmemberikan peran mediasi dalam pengaruh job resources terhadap workengagement.

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This study analyzed the effect of teleworking, job resources, andpsychological empowerment on work engagement, and how the role of jobresources and psychological empowerment as a mediator. The sample in this studywere employees who worked in state-owned companies (BUMN) in Indonesia andwere working from home by doing teleworking. The sample in this study was 271respondents using non-random sampling with purposive sampling technique bydistributing questionnaires via google form through various applications such associal media (LinkedIn, Instagram, Whatsapp) to respondents who met the criteria.The data analysis and hypothesis testing in this study used SPSS 23 and LISREL8.8 software. The results of this study indicate that teleworking during this currentpandemic has a negative but insignificant effect on the work engagement of BUMNemployees in Indonesia. Job resources have a direct influence on employee workengagement, and have a role as a mediator in the influence between teleworkingand work engagement. In addition, psychological empowerment had a significantinfluence in mediating the effect of job resources on work engagement"