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"ABSTRAK Overweight and obesity is prevalent in both developed and developing countries in the past few years. Yet studies on the role of micronutrients, such as calcium, towards overweight and obesity is limited among children in developing countries. This study investigated the association between dietary calcium intake with the risks of overweight and obesity among preschool children aged 3 to 6 years. A case control study with 81 matching pairs by age, sex and school was conducted in 23 randomly selected preschools in East Jakarta. Cases (n=81) were overweight or obese children, whereas controls (n=81) were normal children. The total dietary calcium intake among the cases and controls was 1285 mg and 1006 mg per day, respectively. Milk was the main contributor of calcium intake for both groups. After adjusted for high energy and protein intake, introduction to formula milk < 6 months, high restriction, overweight and obese mothers, preference of sweet snacks, duration of breastfeeding < 6 months, and high pressure to eat, the risks of calcium intake towards overweight and obesity were not significantly different between case and control (Adjusted OR, 95% CI = 1.537, 0.57-4.16). Calcium intake was not associated with the risk of overweight and obesity among Indonesian preschool children. However, this finding needs to be confirmed with another larger population to detect positive association in obese and overweight group

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ABSTRAK Kelebihan berat badan (KBB) dan obesitas di negara maju maupun di negara berkembang telah meningkat drastis dalam kurun waktu yang relatif singkat. Namun studi mengenai peran mikronutrien, seperti kalsium, terhadap KBB dan obesitas masih kurang , terutama pada subjek anak-anak di negara berkembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara asupan kalsium dengan resiko KBB dan obesitas pada anak prasekolah usia 3 sampai 6 tahun di Jakarta. Desain kasus kontrol dengan matching untuk usia, jenis kelamin, dan sekolah dilakukan di 23 sekolah taman kanak-kanak yang dipilih secara acak. Sebanyak 81 pasang kasus kontrol dianalis. Kasus merupakan (n=81) anak dengan KBB dan obesitas, sedangkan kontrol merupakan anak normal. Total asupan kalsium pada kelompok kasus adalah 1285 mg dan 1006 mg per hari pada kontrol. Susu menyumbang asupan kalsium tertinggi untuk kedua kelompok. Setelah dikontrol dengan variabel perancu yakni, asupan energi dan protein, waktu memperkenalkan susu formula < 6 bulan, tinggi restriksi, ibu yang KBB dan obbesitas, preferensi terhadap makanan manis, durasi menyusui < 6 bulan, serta tinggi paksaan untuk makan, resiko asupan kalsium terhadap KBB dan obesitas tidak berbeda nyata dengan anak normal. Asupan kalsium tidak berhubungan dengan resiko KBB dan obesitas pada anak pra sekolah di Indonesia. Namun, penemuan ini perlu dikonfirmasi pada populasi yang lebih besar untuk mendeteksi asosiasi positif pada kelompok KBB dan obese."

"Kurangnya penelitian mengenai transisi pada pola asupan dan marker inflamasi usus pada anak gemuk. Studi ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan anatara pola asupan dan fecal calprotectin pada anak prasekolah.Studi potong lintang ini dilakukan pada 101 anak dengan BMI Z score > 1 SD dengan median 2.26 (1.61, 3.43) SD serta menggunakan semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires yang telah divalidasi dimana, pola asupan diperoleh dengan menggunakan principal component analysis. Hasil studi menunjukkan 66% anak mempunyai kadar fecal calprotectin > 50 µg/g dan berhubungan dengan BMI Z score (p=0.05, r=1.89). Pola asupan (healthy pattern p=0.132, western pattern p=0.555, staple pattern p=0.541 and milk pattern p=0.534) ditemukan tidak berhubungan dengan inflamasi saluran cerna. Penelitian lebih lanjut dibutuhkan untuk mengkonfirmasi hasil studi ini dengan menggunakan pendekatan lain dan kombinasi antar marker inflamasi usus.

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Lack of study confirmed the relationship between transition of diets and gut inflammation marker in obese children. Our study aimed to investigate the association between dietary pattern and fecal calprotectin level in preschool children. A cross sectional study was conducted in 101 children with body mass index (BMI) Z-score > 1 SD and median 2.26 (1.61, 3.43) SD using validated semi quantitative food frequency questionnaires whereas dietary patterns were revealed by principal component analysis. We found 66% children had fecal calprotectin levels > 50 µg/g. The fecal calprotectin level correlated with BMI Z score (p=0.05, r=1.89). Major dietary patterns were revealed: healthy pattern (p=0.132), western pattern (p=0.555), staple pattern (p=0.541) and milk pattern (p=0.534) and multivariate analysis showed no significant association with fecal calprotectin even after full adjustment for age, sex, sedentary physical activity, BMI Z score, fat intake and total fibre intake. Our findings acknowledged the insignificant association diet with gut inflammation marker had been observed due the baseline characteristic BMIZ score of the children more contribute to the elevated of fecal calprotectin level. Further investigations are warranted with a specific inflammatory food approach using a combination of marker gut inflammation."

"Status gizi seseorang dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor. Salah satunya adalah asupan nutrien, baik makronutrien dan mikronutrien. Dalam penelitian ini, saya ingin mengetahui bagaimana tingkat status gizi dan hubungannya dengan asupan kalsium harian pada anak usia sekolah di Yayasan Kampung Kids. Penelitian ini menggunakaan desain cross sectional analitik. Data diambil pada 18 Oktober 2009 dengan jumlah repsonden sebesar 73 responden. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa tingkat asupan kalsium harian pada anak usia sekolah di Yayasan Kampung Kids yang tergolong kurang sebanyak 64 responden (87,67%), normal sebanyak 8 responden (10,96%) dan tergolong lebih 1 orang (1,37%). Berdasarkan tingkat status gizi, sebanyak 35 responden (47,9%) memiliki status BB/U kurang, sebanyak 37 responden (50,7%) memiliki status BB/U baik dan sebanyak 1 responden (1,4%) memiliki status BB/U yang tergolong lebih. Sedangkan berdasarkan indikator TB/U, sebanyak 21 responden (28,8%) memiliki status TB/U kurang dan sebanyak 52 responden (71,2%) memiliki status TB/U baik. Berdasarakan BMI (BB/TB), sebanyak 27 responden (37%) memiliki status BMI kurang dan sebanyak 46 responden (63%) memiliki status BMI yang tergolong baik. Dengan menggunakan uji two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test dan uji Fisher?s Exact Test, didapatkan tidak adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi berdasarkan BB/U (p=1,000), TB/U (p=1,000), dan BB/TB (p=1,000) dengan tingkat asupan kalsium harian.

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The nutritional status is influenced by many factors, such as the balanced intake of macronutrient and micronutrient. In this study, I would like to do research about the nutritional status level and its association with the calcium daily intake level at school aged children at Yayasan Kampung Kids. The design of this study was analytical cross sectional. This study was held on 18th October 2009 and involving about 73 respondent. The result showed that the number of students with low calcium daily intake level were 64 people (87,67%), with normal calcium daily intake level were 8 people (10,96%), and with high calcium daily intake level only 1 people (1,37%). According to the level of nutritional status (weight for age), children in Kampung Kids, there were 35 people (47,9%) categorized underweight, there were 37 people (50,7%) in normal range, and there was 1 people (1,4%) categorized overweight. In addition, according to the height for age status, there were 21 people (28,8%) categorized short stature but most of them ( 71,2%) were in normal range and for weight for height status (BMI), most of them also were in normal range (63%) and the less were categorized into underweight (37%). The data retrieved and then processed by using Two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test and Fisher?s Exact Test, which gave result that weren?t have significant correlation between nutritional status indicators (weight for age, p= 1,000), height for age (p=1,000), and weight for height (p=1,000) and the calcium daily intake level among school aged children at Yayasan Kampung Kids."

"Latar Belakang: Penyakit jantung merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan utama dan penyebab nomor satu kematian di dunia. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah kelainan profil lipid aterogenik yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar LDL. Apolipoprotein B (apo B) merupakan inti dari partikel VLDL, LDL, IDL dan Lpa yang dapat menunjukkan secara langsung dari jumlah keseluruhan partikel lipoprotein aterogenik dalam sirkulasi. Asupan serat total yang rendah diduga berperan dalam peningkatan apo B dalam darah, akan tetapi hasil penelitian sebelumnya masih bervariasi. Tujuan: mengetahui korelasi antara asupan serat total, serat larut dan tidak larut dengan apo B pada pekerja normal dan overweight usia 19–49 tahun di Jakarta. Metode: Studi ini merupakan studi potong lintang pada karyawan perusahaan dengan status gizi normal dan overweight usia 19–49 tahun di Jakarta pada bulan Oktober–Desember 2020. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner, 3-day food record dan pengukuran kadar apo B darah. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji korelasi Spearman menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS versi 20.0. Hasil: Dari 54 subjek yang diikutsertakan dalam penelitian, proporsi laki-laki dan perempuan sama, dengan mayoritas status gizi normal. Sebagian besar subjek tidak merokok dan memiliki tingkat aktivitas rendah. Kadar Apo B memiliki nilai rata-rata sebesar 87,31±19,95 mg/dL. Asupan serat subjek memiliki nilai tengah 8,05 (3,50– 37,80) gram/hari. Asupan serat larut dan tidak larut subjek memiliki nilai tengah 2,10 (0,88–13,40) dan 6,30 (2,26–39,45) gram/hari. Asupan serat total, serat larut dan serat tidak larut tidak berkorelasi dengan Apo B (hasil uji korelasi Spearman, masingmasing r = -0,084, p = 0,546; r = -0,055, p = 0,691; dan r = -0,068, p = 0,623). Kesimpulan: Tidak ada korelasi antara asupan serat total, serat larut, dan serat tidak larut dengan apo B karyawan perusahaan dengan berat badan normal dan overweight usia 19–49 tahun di Jakarta.

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Background: Heart disease has been reported worldwide as leading cause of death, with atherosclerosis as one of the most common etiology. One of the causes an abnormality of the atherosclerosis is characterized by an increase LDL levels. Apo B is the core of VLDL, LDL, IDL, and Lpa that provides the real amount of whole aterogenic lipoprotein in circulation. Low fiber intake plays a role in increasing apo B in blood, however previous findings are still controversial.

Objective: To determine the correlation between total fiber intake, soluble and insoluble fiber with Apo B in normal and overweight workers aged 19–49 years in Jakarta.

Metods: This was a cross-sectional study among normal and overweight workers aged 19–49 years old. Data were collected during October–Desember 2020 in Jakarta through questionnaires using 3 days food records and measurement of apo B level. Spearman correlation test was perfomed using SPSS version 20.0 software.

Results: Result shows an equal proportion of male and female subjects, and mostly with normal nutritional status. Most of the subjects did not smoke and had low activity levels. Apo B level has a mean value of 87,31±19,95 mg/dL. The median fiber intake 8.05 (3.50–37.80) gram/day. The median soluble and insoluble fiber intake were 2.10 (0.88–13.40) and 6.30 (2.26–39.45) gram/day, respectively. The total fiber, soluble and insoluble fiber were not correlate with Apo B (Spearman correlation test, r = - 0.084, p = 0.546; r = -0.055, p = 0.691, and r = -0.068, p = 0.623, respectively).

Conclusion: The total fiber, soluble and insoluble fiber were not correlate with Apo B among workers with normal and overweight age 19–49 years old in Jakarta."

"Stunting merupakan masalah kesehatan global yang dimiliki oleh 150,8 juta anak di seluruh dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Anak stunting diindikasikan dengan tinggi badan menurut usia di bawah minus dua deviasi standar dari World Health Organization (WHO) Child Growth Standards median. Jika terjadi dalam 1000 hari kehidupan pertama seorang anak, stunting cenderung bersifat irreversible, dan dapat menyebabkan gangguan perkembangan, mulai dari penurunan kemampuan kognitif, peningkatan risiko atas penyakit metabolik, dan penurunan pendapatan dan kesejahteraan hidup di masa depan. Korelasi vitamin D dan kalsium masih terhadap stunting masih kurang dieksplorasi, padahal beberapa studi menunjukkan dampak positif melalui fungsi mineralisasi tulang dan insulin-like growth factor axis. Dengan begitu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mencari korelasi antara asupan kalsium dan vitamin D terhadap indikator stunting (HAZ) pada anak usia 6-24 bulan sebagai usia yang telah mendapatkan MPASI, dan di Jakarta Timur sebagai wilayah dengan prevalensi stunting kedua tertinggi di antara wilayah DKI Jakarta lainnya. Metode: Metode yang digunakan adalah metode potong lintang, dengan total 62 sampel, yaitu anak usia 6-24 bulan yang bertempat tinggal di Jakarta Timur dan mengikuti penelitian Departemen Gizi FKUI 2014, sesuai kriteria inklusi tanpa kriteria eksklusi, kemudian terpilih melalui simple random sampling. Pengolahan dan analisis data dilakukan dengan perangkat lunak SPSS 20 for Mac. Hasil: Hasil yang ditemukan adalah anak usia 12-24 bulan berhubungan positif dan signifikan secara statistik terhadap asupan kalsium kurang dari AKG (OR= 16,611; p<0,001). Sebaran asupan vitamin D dan status stunting berdasarkan seluruh karakteristik subjek tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan secara statistik. Sementara itu, asupan kalsium dan HAZ berkorelasi positif dan searah (r=0,324; p=0,005; p<0,01), begitu pula dengan asupan vitamin D dan HAZ berkorelasi positif dan searah (r=0,279; p=0,014, p<0,05). Hubungan status asupan kalsium dan vitamin D terhadap status stunting tidak bersifat signifikan secara statistik, namun penting secara klinis. Pembahasan: Usia 12-24 bulan lebih berisiko untuk memiliki asupan kalsium yang lebih rendah karena frekuensi minum ASI yang semakin berkurang tidak diimbangi dengan asupan gizi MPASI. Korelasi signifikan antara asupan kalsium dan asupan vitamin D terhadap HAZ mendukung studi sebelumnya bahwa kalsium dan vitamin D dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi IGF-1 plasma, dan bahwa kalsium dan vitamin D bekerja berdampingan.

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Stunting is a global health issue, with approximately 150.8 million children are affected worldwide, including Indonesia. Children with stunting are indicated with a Height-for-Age Z Score of less than-2 standard deviation based the World Health Organization (WHO) Child Growth Standards median. If it occurs in the first 1000 days of life, stunting tends to be irreversible and cause impaired development, from cognitive impairment and increased risk of metabolic diseases, to lower income and welfare in the future. Correlation between vitamin D and calcium intake towards stunting have yet to be explored thoroughly even though several studies suggest their positive impacts through bone mineralisation and insulin-like growth factor axis. Thus, this research is done in order to discover the correlation between calcium and vitamin D toward stunting indicators (HAZ) on children aged 6-24 months, as they are currently given complementary foods, and located in East Jakarta, which has the second highest stunting prevalence compared to other regions in DKI Jakarta. Method: This study uses a cross-sectional method with a total of 62 samples, which are children aged 6-24 months that live in East Jakarta and took part in FKUI's Nutrition Department's Research in 2014, passing inclusion criterias without exclusion criterias, then selected through simple random sampling. Data processing and analysis are conducted with SPSS 20 for Mac software. Results: Results have found children age 12-24 months significantly and positively correlated with calcium intake less then AKG (OR=16.611; p<0.001). Vitamin D intake and stunting status distribution based on all subject characteristics are statistically insignificant On the other hand, calcium intake and HAZ have a positive and unidirectional correlation of (r=0.324; p=0.005; p<0.01), similar with vitamin D intake and HAZ with a positive and unidirectional correlation (r=0.279; p=0.014, p<0.05). Meanwhile, relationships of calcium and vitamin D intake status towards stunting status are not statistically significant, however clinically important. Discussion: Age group 12-24 months has higher risk to have lower calcium intake because reduced breastfeeding frequency is not balanced with adequate complementary food. Significant correlation between calcium and vitamin D intake towards stunting indicator supports the theory where calcium and vitamin D increases plasma IGF-1 concentration, and that both calcium and vitamin D works side-by-side."

"Masa-masa awal kehidupan adalah fase krusial dimana sedang terjadi proses pertumbuhan, dan ketika proses ini terganggu dapat terjadi gangguan pertumbuhan. Salah satu bentuk gangguan pertumbuhan adalah stunting. Proses pertumbuhan ini dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor, dan salah satunya adalah asupan nutrisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari korelasi antara asupan nutrisi yaitu kalsium dengan indikator tinggi badan terhadap usia (TB/U). Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross-sectional. Data didapat dari data sekunder penelitian yang dilakukan pada tahun 2011 di beberapa RW di Jalan Kimia, Jakarta Pusat. Metode pengambilan data menggunakan pengukuran antropometri untuk tinggi badan dan food-frequency questionaire untuk pola asupan kalsium. Data yang didapat dianalisis dengan uji spearman menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS versi 20. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan 15,7% subjek penelitian mengalami stunting, lebih dari 80% subjek penelitian memiliki asupan kalsium harian yang rendah, dan tidak ditemukan korelasi antara asupan kalsium dengan indikator TB/U.

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Childhood is a crucial phase of life where the process of growth is ongoing, and when this process is interrupted, the end result will be a growth disorder. Stunting is an example of such a condition. The process of growth is influenced by numerous factors and one of them is nutrient intake. This research aimed to find out the correlation between the level of nutrient intake and height-for-age indicator. The nutrient discussed in this research is calcium. This research used a cross-sectional research design. Data of this research used a secondary data from a research conducted in 2011 in several RW on Jalan Kimia, Central Jakarta. The primary research used anthropometric measurements to obatain height data and food frequency questionaire to obtain the calcium intake patterns. Data that have been obtained then were analyzed with the Spearman test using SPSS version 20 software. This research conclude that 15.7% of the research subjects are stunted, over 80% of the research subjects had a low daily calcium intake and no correlation is found between daily calcium intake and the indicator of height-for-age."

"Kejadian berat badan berlebih dan obesitas merupakan masalah serius yang terus meningkat dan ditimbulkan karena multifaktorial. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara jenis kelamin, pengetahuan, pendidikan orangtua, status gizi orangtua, pendapatan orangtua, kebiasaan makan yaitu sarapan; fastfood; jajan; sayur; buah; susu dan olahannya; frekuensi makan; total energi harian; aktivitas fisik, pengaruh teman sebaya, jumlah uang saku dengan kejadian berat badan berlebih dan obesitas. Desain penelitian ini adalah analisis observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional dan menggunakan instrumen kuesioner serta formulir food recall 24 hours. Penelitian ini melibatkan 111 responden siswa SMA di Depok yang dipilih dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan bermakna antara jenis kelamin dengan kejadian berat badan berlebih dan obesitas p=0,04; p>0,05 . Namun pada faktor lain tidak ditemukan hubungan bermakna. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat bagi tenaga kesehatan dalam menanggulangi kejadian berat badan berlebih dan obesitas pada siswa SMA dengan mempertimbangkan jenis kelamin siswa.

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Overweight and obesity is a serious problem that continues to rise and caused by multifactorial. This study aims to determine the relationship between sex, knowledge, education status of parents, nutritional status of parents, family income, eating habits ie breakfast fast food snack vegetable fruit milk and dairy products the frequency of eating total daily energy physical activity, peer influence, amount of allowance with overweight and obesity. Research design in this study with observational with cross sectional approach and using questionnaires and food recall instruments 24 hours. This study involved 111 respondents High School Students in Depok selected by consecutive sampling technique. The results showed the relationship between sex with the overweight and obesity p 0.04 p 0.05 . But on other factors not found relationship. This study is expected to be useful for health workers in overcoming excessive weight and obesity in high school students with the term gender of students."

"Skripsi ini membahas peran penggunaan gadget, aktivitas fisik dan asupan dengan kejadian overweight dan obesitas pada anak usia sekolah (7-12 tahun). Responden diambil dari SD Marsudirini Matraman, Jakarta Timur dengan data yang berasal dari siswa dengan pengisian food frequency questionnaire, physical activity questionnaire, dan wawancara 24h food recall. Perbedaan antar kelompok diuji dengan menggunakan uji chi-square dan uji ANOVA. Berdasarkan 263 responden, 52.1% merupakan siswa laki-laki. Prevalensi responden dengan berat badan normal, overweight, obesitas masing-masing sebesar 47.9%, 21.7%, dan 30.4%. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kejadian obesitas dan overweight antara jenis kelamin dan umur (p < 0.05). Prevalensi obesitas dan overweight cenderung lebih besar pada anak laki-laki. Sementara tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara status berat badan dengan penggunaan gadget, aktivitas fisik, kebiasaan konsumsi dan asupan makanan, kecuali asupan lemak (p = 0.018). Responden dengan overweight/obesitas memiliki rata-rata persentase asupan lemak lebih tinggi dibandingkan responden dengan berat badan normal. Serta sebagian besar anak menggunakan gadget < 2 jam setiap hari dan tidak cukup aktif dalam melakukan aktivitas fisik. Terdapat peningkatan risiko obesitas 1.57 kali dan risiko overweight 1.43 kali pada anakanak yang bermain gadget > 2 jam setiap hari.

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The aim of this study was to describe gadget using, physical activity and dietary intake in normal weight, overweight and obese school-aged children (7-12 years old). Children were recruited from Marsudirini Matraman Elementary School, East Jakarta. All data were obtained by child report using food frequency questionnaire, physical activity questionnaire for older-children (PAQ-C) and 24h food recall interview. Principal component analysis used chi-square and one-way ANOVA to identify difference in each group. Among 263 participants, 52.1% were boys; the percentages of normal, overweight, obese were 47.9%, 21.7%, and 30.4%, respectively. These prevalence rates were greater in boys than girls and vary according to age (p < 0.05). There are no difference between gadget using duration and physical activity for normal, overweight, and obese. Moreover the difference between dietary intake and dietary habits were not significant, except for fat intake (p = 0.018). Obese and overweight children have higher average percentage in fat intake than normal weight children. Most of the children use their gadget not more than 2 hours each day and not active in physical activity. Children who spent more than 2 hours in playing gadget 1.57 times were more likely to be obese and 1.43 times become overweight."

"Mengkonsumsi makanan berlebihan sebagai respon emosi negatif yang dapat merugikan kesehatan individu dan mengarah pada kematian. Di masa pandemi muncul suatu trend menerapkan perilaku sehat yang marak diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah benar terdapat efek moderasi yang signifikan dari regulasi emosi pada hubungan emotional eating dan perilaku sehat (aktivitas fisik dan konsumsi makanan sehat) di masa pandemi. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah non-eksperimental dan cross-sectional. Partisipan penelitian ini merupakan 129 dewasa muda Indonesia berusia 18-25 tahun (64,3% perempuan; Musia = 21,50, SD = 1,37) yang memiliki tingkat BMI minimal 25 kg/m2. Emotional eating di ukur menggunakan Emotional Eating – Revised (EES-R), regulasi emosi diukur menggunakan Difficulties in Emotion Regulation – Short Form (DERS-SF), dan perilaku sehat diukur menggunakan Skala Perilaku Sehat. Melalui analisis moderator menggunakan Hayes PROCESS ditemukan bahwa tidak adanya peran moderator dari regulasi emosi pada hubungan emotional eating dan perilaku sehat (b = 0,002, t(129) = 1,158, p > 0,001). Artinya, pada tiap tingkat regulasi emosi, tidak terdapat perubahan kekuatan hubungan antara emotional eating dan perilaku sehat yang signifikan. Melalui analisis korelasi Pearson ditemukan emotional eating memiliki korelasi positif dan tidak signifikan dengan perilaku sehat (r (129) = 0,10, p > 0,01); emotional eating memiliki hubungan positif secara signifikan dengan regulasi emosi (r(129) = 0,23, p < 0,01) artinya individu dengan skor tinggi pada regulasi emosi cenderung memiliki tingkat emotional eating yang tinggi pula. Terakhir, regulasi emosi memiliki korelasi positif dan tidak signifikan dengan perilaku sehat (r (129) = 0,03, p > 0,01).

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Consuming excessive food as a negative emotional response which can be detrimental to individual health and lead to death. During a pandemic, there is a trend to applying healthy behaviors and widely studied. This research aims is to determine whether there is a significant moderating effect of emotional regulation on the relationship between emotional eating and healthy behavior (physical activity and consumption of healthy foods) during pandemic. The research design used was non-experimental and cross-sectional. Participant in this study were 129 Indonesian young adult aged 18-25 years (64.3% women; Mage = 21.50, SD = 1.37) who had a BMI level at least 25 kg/m2. Emotional eating was measured using Emotional Eating – Revised (EES-R), emotional regulation was measured using Difficulties in Emotion Regulation – Short Form (DERS-SF), and healthy behavior was measured by using Skala Perilaku Sehat. Through a moderator analysis using Hayes PROCESS, it was found that there was no moderating role for emotional regulation on the relationship between emotional eating and healthy behavior (b = .002, t (129) = 1.158, p > .001). This means that at each level of emotional regulation, there is no significant change in the strength of the relationship between emotional eating and healthy behavior. Through Pearson correlation analysis, it was found that emotional eating has a positive and not significant correlation with healthy behavior (r (129) = .10, p > .01); emotional eating has a significant positive relationship with emotional regulation (r (129) = 0.23, p < .01) meaning that individuals with high scores on emotional regulation tend to have high levels of emotional eating as well. Finally, emotion regulation has a positive and not significant correlation with healthy behavior (r (129) = 0.03, p > .01)."

"ABSTRAKSkripsi ini membahas mengenai durasi pemberian ASI dan faktor lainnya yang berhubungan dengan kegemukan pada anak prasekolah di KB/TK Islam Al- Azhar 4 Kebayoran Lama. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional yang dilakukan pada seluruh siswa, laki-laki dan perempuan, usia 2-6 tahun. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan April sampai dengan bulan Mei 2012. Sampel yang bersedia diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 74 anak. Data penelitian diambil dengan melakukan pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan, pengisian kuesioner serta pengisian lembar food record. Data yang telah didapat kemudian diolah menggunakan uji chi square untuk melihat hubungan antara variabel yang diteliti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi kegemukan pada anak prasekolah di KB/TK Islam Al-Azhar 4 Kebayoran Lama sebesar 32.4%. Pada penelitian ini, kejadian kegemukan berhubungan dengan asupan energi, asupan lemak, dan status gizi orang tua. Selain itu ditemukan pula adanya penurunan prevalensi kegemukan seiring dengan peningkatan durasi pemberisan ASI. Untuk itu, disarankan pihak sekolah dan orang tua mengajarkan serta membiasakan anak memiliki pola makan yang sehat dan rutin melakukan aktivitas fisik. Disarankan pula setidaknya pemberian ASI dengan durasi lebih dari 6 bulan untuk mengurangi kejadian kegemukan pada anak prasekolah.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis discusses about the duration of breast jeeding and other factors associated with overweight in preschool children in Islamic playgroup and kindergarten Al-Azhar 4 Kebayoran Lama. This study used cross sectional designs are done on all students, boys and girls, aged 2-6 years. This research was conducted in April until May 2012. Samples are willing to particqoate in this study amounted 74 children. The data of this research was taken by measuring weight and height, filing out the questionnaire and food record sheet. The data has been acquired and then processed using the chi-square to see the relationship between the variables studied. Results showed the prevalence of obesity in preschool children in Islamic playgroup and kindergarten Al-Azhar 4 Kebayoran Lama is 32.4%. In this study, the incidence of obesity associated with energy intake, fat intake, and nutritional status of parents. In addition it also found that with increasing duration of breastfeeding, can reduce the prevalence of overweight in preschool children. Therefore, we advised the school and parents to teach and habituating the children to have a healthy diet and regular physical activity. We also recommend to give breastfeeding in infant for more than 6 months to reduce the incidence of overweight in preschool children."