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"In the last 500 years or so, the English language has undergone remarkable geographical expansion, bringing it into contact with other languages in new locations. This also caused different regional dialects of the language to come into contact with each other in colonial situations. This book is made up of a number of fascinating tales of historical- sociolinguistic detection. These are stories of origins, of a particular variety of English or linguistic feature, which together tell a compelling general story. In each case, Trudgill presents an intriguing puzzle, locates and examines the evidence, detects clues that unravel the mystery, and fi nally proposes a solution. The solutions are all original, often surprising, sometimes highly controversial. Providing a unique insight into how language contact shapes varieties of English, this entertaining yet rigorous account will be welcomed by students and researchers in linguistics, sociolinguistics and historical linguistics."

"Paper ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi nomina yang kerap muncul pada laras fotografi studio bagi pemula. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan deskriptif, penulis menganalisis dua artikel yang berasal dari website Belanda dan Belgia: "Studiofotografie: de basis van het werken met studioflitsers" dan "Begin je eigen fotostudio thuis. Hou alles zelf in de hand". Dari kedua artikel, penulis menemukan tujuh nomina yang kerap digunakan pada kedua artikel. Dari ketujuh nomina ini, tidak semua memiliki makna yang sesuai dengan makna dasar dalam bahasa Belandanya. Beberapa kata benda juga merupakan saduran dari bahasa asing, yaitu bahasa Inggris. Beberapa kata lainnya juga ditulis dalam bahasa Inggris karena tidak memiliki padanan kata dalam bahasa Belanda. Untuk pemahaman yang tepat akan nomina tersebut dibutuhkan keterangan lainnya.

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This paper aims to identify the most frequent nouns in the register of the studio photography for beginners. Using the qualitative and descriptive methods, the writer analyzed two articles from a Dutch- and Belgium website: "Studiofotografie: de basis van het werken met studioflitsers" and "Begin je eigen fotostudio thuis. Hou alles zelf in de hand". From the two articles, the writer found seven nouns that were always used in both articles. From those nouns, not all the words have the same meaning in Dutch. Some of the nouns were translated from English to Dutch and some of them remained in their original form, lacking of comparison in Dutch. To understand the meaning of the register, these nouns must be combined with other words."

""Human language has changed in the age of globalization: no longer tied to stable and resident communities, it moves across the globe, and it changes in the process. The world has become a complex ’web’ of villages, towns, neighbourhoods and settlements connected by material and symbolic ties in often unpredictable ways. This phenomenon requires us to revise our understanding of linguistic communication. In The Sociolinguistics of Globalization Jan Blommaert constructs a theory of changing language in a changing society, reconsidering locality, repertoires, competence, history and sociolinguistic inequality"--Provided by publisher."A Critical Introduction (2005) attempted to sketch these consequences for our understanding of discourse, as well as for our ethos of analysing it. The same approach was applied to literacy in Grassroots Literacy (2008), and I am here bringing the same exercise to the field of sociolinguistics. Each of the books is an attempt, an essai in the classical and original sense of the term, in which I try my best to describe the problem and offer some conceptual and analytical tools for addressing it. And I make this effort because I believe that globalization forces us - whether we like it or not - to an aggiornamento of our theoretical and methodological toolkit"--Provided by publisher."

"This specially commissioned volume considers the processes involved in language change and the issues of how they can be modelled and studied. Theway languages change offers an insight into the nature of language itself, its internal organisation, and how it is acquired and used. Accordingly, the phenomenon of language change has been approached from a variety of perspectives by linguists of many different orientations. This book brings together an international team of leading figures from different areas of linguistics to re-examine some of the central issues in this field and also to discuss new proposals. The volume is arranged in six parts, focusing on the phenomenon of language change, linguistic models, grammaticalisation, the social context, contact-based explanations and the typological perspective."

"This accessible, hands-on introduction to historical linguistics - the study of language change - does not just talk about topics. With abundant examples and exercises, it helps students learn for themselves how to do historical linguistics. Distinctive to the book is its integration of the standard traditional topics with others now considered vital to historical linguistics: explanation of 'why' languages change; sociolinguistic aspects of linguistic change; syntactic change and grammaticalization; distant genetic relationships (how to show that languages are related); areal linguistics; and.Contents"