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"The study of how language varies in social context, and how it can be analysed and accounted for, are the two key goals of sociolinguistics. Until now, however, the actual tools and methods have been largely passed on through ‘word of mouth’ rather than being formally documented. This is the first comprehensive, ‘how-to’ guide to the formal analysis of sociolinguistic variation. It shows step-by-step how the analysis is carried out, leading the reader through every stage of a research project from start to finish. Topics covered include fieldwork, data organisation and management, analysis and interpretation, presenting research results and writing up a paper. Practical and informal, the book contains all the information needed to conduct a fully fledged sociolinguistic investigation, and includes exercises, checklists, references andinsider tips. "

"Paper ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi nomina yang kerap muncul pada laras fotografi studio bagi pemula. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan deskriptif, penulis menganalisis dua artikel yang berasal dari website Belanda dan Belgia: "Studiofotografie: de basis van het werken met studioflitsers" dan "Begin je eigen fotostudio thuis. Hou alles zelf in de hand". Dari kedua artikel, penulis menemukan tujuh nomina yang kerap digunakan pada kedua artikel. Dari ketujuh nomina ini, tidak semua memiliki makna yang sesuai dengan makna dasar dalam bahasa Belandanya. Beberapa kata benda juga merupakan saduran dari bahasa asing, yaitu bahasa Inggris. Beberapa kata lainnya juga ditulis dalam bahasa Inggris karena tidak memiliki padanan kata dalam bahasa Belanda. Untuk pemahaman yang tepat akan nomina tersebut dibutuhkan keterangan lainnya.

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This paper aims to identify the most frequent nouns in the register of the studio photography for beginners. Using the qualitative and descriptive methods, the writer analyzed two articles from a Dutch- and Belgium website: "Studiofotografie: de basis van het werken met studioflitsers" and "Begin je eigen fotostudio thuis. Hou alles zelf in de hand". From the two articles, the writer found seven nouns that were always used in both articles. From those nouns, not all the words have the same meaning in Dutch. Some of the nouns were translated from English to Dutch and some of them remained in their original form, lacking of comparison in Dutch. To understand the meaning of the register, these nouns must be combined with other words."

"Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dialektologi yang bertujuan untuk memetakan distribusi variasi bahasa dan istilah pertanian di Kabupaten Karawang. Hasil penelitian ini juga dibandingkan dengan dua penelitian terdahulu di tahun 1990 dan 1996. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menyusun glosarium istilah pertanian di Kabupaten Karawang. Penelitian dibatasi pada tataran leksikon. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode pupuan lapangan dengan 50 titik pengamatan, 100 informan, dan daftar tanyaan sebanyak 200 kosakata swadesh dan 125 istilah pertanian. Teknik analisis data menggunakan peta bahasa, isoglos, dan dialektometri. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga daerah pakai kosakata, yaitu kosakata Betawi, kosakata Jawa, dan kosakata Sunda. Hal ini masih sesuai dengan hasil kedua penelitian terdahulu, tetapi saat ini telah mengalami perubahan daerah distribusi.

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This research uses dialectology to mapping distribution of language variation and agricultural terms in Karawang regency. The results of this research are compared to two former research in 1990 and 1996. Besides, this research is also to compose a glossary of agricultural terms in Karawang regency. The conduct of this research is limited to the lexicon level. Method that being used was field research method with 50 observatory points, 100 informants, and list of questions which consist of 200 swadesh vocabulary and 125 agricultural terms. Data analytical technique used language map, isogloss, and dialectrometric. Result shown that there are three vocabulary using areas, which are Betawi vocabulary, Java vocabulary, and Sunda vocabulary. This is still suitable with two former research result. However, the areas have been changed nowadays."

"Style refers to ways of speaking, how speakers use the resource of language variation to make meaning in social encounters. This book develops a coherent theoretical approach to style in sociolinguistics, illustrated with copious examples. It explains how speakers project different social identities and create different social relationships through their style choices, and how speech-style and social context inter-relate. Style therefore refers to the wide range of strategic actions and performances that speakers engage in, to construct themselves and their social lives. Coupland draws on and integrates a wide variety of contemporary sociolinguistic research as well as his own extensive research in this field. The emphasis is on how social meanings are made locally, in specific relationships, genres, groups and cultures, and on studying language variation as part of the analysis of spoken discourse."

"Critical Sociolinguistic Research Methods: Studying Language Issues that Matter is a guide on conducting concrete ethnographic and discourse analytic research projects, written by top scholars for students and researchers in social science fields. Adopting a critical perspective focusing on the role of language in the construction of social difference and social inequality, the authors walk the reader through five key moments in the life of a research project: composing research questions, designing the project, doing fieldwork, performing data analysis, and writing academic texts or otherwise engaging in conversation with different types of social actors about the project. These moments are illustrated by color-coded examples from the authors' experiences which help researchers and students follow the sequential stages of a project. Clear and highly applicable, with a detailed workbook full of practical tips and examples, this book is a great resource for graduate-level qualitative methods courses in linguistics and anthropology, as well as methods courses in the humanities and social sciences that focus on the role of language in research. It is a timely text for investigating language issues that matter to and have consequences for people's lives"

"A comprehensive 'how to' guide to the practical analysis of language variation in a social context."

""The topic of awareness and control is an elephant in the room in sociolinguistic research. To what extent are speakers aware of sociolinguistic variables? Are there different types or levels of awareness? Is 'control' of these variables a conscious or unconscious process, or is it some combination of the two? Are the variables we are aware of necessarily those we control, and vice versa? The extent to which speakers are aware of sociolinguistic information and use it strategically may drastically affect our understanding of the role that sociolinguistic cues play in the development of structural categories. This volume constitutes the first concerted effort to understand the nature of awareness and control using all the methodological and theoretical tools at our disposal. The contributors employ a variety of perspectives to address the relationship between awareness and control in sociolinguistic research"--"

"Analysing Variation in English brings together a range of perspectives on thecollection, analysis, and broader relevance of variable language data. In thefi rst half of the book, the focus is fi rmly on the description and comparisonof methods for collecting and analysing examples of variation in language.Novel quantitative and computational methods are introduced and exemplified alongside more traditional approaches. The innovative second half of thebook establishes and tests the relevance of language variation to other aspects of linguistics such as language change, and to other disciplines such as law and education. Each chapter concludes with a ‘Where next?’ section, providing guidance on further reading, but also pointers to under-researched areas, designed to help identify good topics for projects and dissertations. Designed to be used by students as well as researchers, the book will be welcomed by those working in English language and linguistics, sociolinguistics or language change."