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"ABSTRAKPesatnya pertumbuhan gedung bertingkat dewasa ini, mengakibatkan jumlah basement bertambah pesat juga. Jumlah lapisan pada basement yang semakin hari semakin dalam atau lapisannya semakin banyak membuat penelitian mengenai persebaran asap pada ruang basement menjadi penting. Penelitian ini mempelajari dinamika asap kebakaran dengan menggunakan model skala laboratorium dan model numerik untuk memprediksi pergerakan asap kebakaran bsimen 3 lapis. Uji kebakaran dilakukan pada model basement 3 lapis dari gedung simulasi Pusdiklatkar DKI Jakarta dengan skala 1:8, dan ldquo;eksperimen numerik rdquo; juga dilakukan dengan menggunakan Fire Dynamic Simulator versi 6 dengan skala 1:8. Variasi ACH dengan memvariasikan fan suplai dan fan ekshaust. Yang diukur adalah densitas optik. Penelitian ini dapat menunjukkan adanya keserupaan trend hasil antara model numerik dan eksperimental. Sistem ventilasi dan bukaan yang berfungsi terbukti lebih efektif dalam menyediakan kondisi penurunan kepekatan asap yang mempengaruhi jarak pandang aman

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ABSTRACTThe rapid growth of high rise buildings nowdays, made an impact on the need of basements. A study about smoke spreads inside a basement becomes more important, looking at the numbers of layers in basments that are increasing. This reaserch is conducted to make a furthur study about smoke spread inside a basement. Using a laboratory scale model and numerical model to predict the movement of the smoke in a 3 layered basement. Fire tests is conducted on a 3 layered basement model of Pusdiklatkar DKI Jakarta rsquo s building with a scale of 1 8, and numerical experiments is also carried out by using Fire Dynamic Simulator version 6 with a scale of 1 8. The variation is based on ACH by deactivating and activating the suply and exhaust fan. The opacity is the main indicator for the messurment. This research can indicate that there is a similarity of the trend of the results between the numerical model and experimental. The ventilation system and a functioning openings proved to be more effective to control the smoke spread and visibility."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini membahas mengenai Emergency Response Preparedness pada bahaya kebakaran di MRT Jakarta pada tahun 2020 yang mengacu pada standar Internasional NFPA 130 mengenai Standard for Fixed Guideway Transit and Passenger Rail Systems. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Penulis melakukan analisis data menggunakan in depth analysis dan mengurainya secara deskriptif setiap data yang telah dikumpulkan. Hasil penelitian penulis dapatkan dari wawancara online dan telaah dokumen dari MRT Jakarta. Berdasarkan ratarata penerapan 8 Chapter NFPA 130 menunjukan bahwa persentase Memadaiadalah 85%, persentase Cukup Memadai adalah 5%, persentase Tidak Memadai adalah 2%, dan persentase Not Applicable adalah 8%. Hal ini menunjukan MRT Jakarta baik dalam menerapkan NFPA 130.

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ABSTRACT

This research analyzes MRT Jakartas emergency response preparedness of fire hazards in 2020 that refers to the international code which is The NFPA 130 Standard for Fixed Guideway Transit and Passenger Rail Systems (2020). It uses the descriptiveanalytics method with a qualitative approach. The author analyzes the data using in-depth analysis and elaborates the data in a descriptive way. The author obtains the result by conducting an online interview and analyzing the documents from MRT Jakarta. Based on the accumulative result of implementing the eight chapters from the NFPA 130-2020, it shows that the percentage of Adequate is 85%, the percentage of Generally Adequate is 5%, the percentage of Inadequate is 2%, and the percentage of Not Applicable is 8%. This shows that Jakarta MRT has an adequate implementation of The NFPA 130 Standard for Fixed Guideway Transit and Passenger Rail Systems (2020)."

"Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan pendekatan metode kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor penyebab langsung dan tidak langsung dari kebakaran di gudang penyimpanan SMAN 68 Jakarta tahun 2011. Faktor penyebab langsung yaitu tindakan tidak aman dan kondisi tidak aman, adapun faktor penyebab tidak langsung adalah manajemen. Faktor-faktor tersebut kemudian dianalisis dengan metode Fault Tree Analysis. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui para saksi mata kejadian yang secara langsung terlibat dalam proses terjadinya kebakaran di gudang penyimpanan SMAN 68 Jakarta tahun 2011. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dan observasi terhadap empat informan yang terdiri dari wakil kepala sekolah bagian sarana dan prasarana, petugas keamanan, petugas kebersihan, dan siswa SMAN 68 Jakarta. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor penyebab langsung yaitu api dari putung rokok yang dibuang oleh tukang yang sedang bekerja di sekitar gudang penyimpanan dan dari kondisi didalam gudang yang panas. Faktor penyebab tidak langsung adalah manajemen dari pihak SMAN 68 Jakarta yang tidak mempunyai peraturan yang mengatur tukang yang bekerja di sekitar gudang penyimpanan. Dan berdasarkan hasil analisis Fault Tree Analysis disimpulkan bahwa akar penyebab kebakaran ini adalah tidak adanya aturan yang mengatur para pekerja terkait SOP, pengawasan, dan pengecekan.

This research is a qualitative method approach that aims to analyze the underlying factors directly and indirectly from a warehouse fire in SMAN 68 Jakarta in 2011. Factor is the direct cause of unsafe acts and unsafe conditions, as for the indirect factor is management., These factors are then analyzed by the method of Fault Tree Analysis. The research was conducted through witnesses events that are directly involved in the process of warehouse fires in SMAN 68 Jakarta in 2011. The data was collected through interviews and observations of the four informants consisting of vice-principal of facilities and infrastructure, security guards, cleaning staff, and students of SMAN 68 Jakarta. The results of this study indicate that the direct causes of fire from discarded cigarettes putung by builders who were working in the vicinity of storage and heat conditions inside the warehouse. Indirect factor is the management of the SMAN 68 Jakarta, which has no regulations governing the artisans who work around the warehouse. And based on Fault Tree Analysis results of the analysis concluded that the root cause of this fire is the absence of rules governing the workers concerned SOPs, supervision, and checking."

""A new edition of the leading introduction to the science of fire phenomena, complete with the latest research, data and additional problemsThis book is unique in that it identifies fire science and fire dynamics and provides the scientific background necessary to the development of fire safety engineering as a professional discipline. It is essential reading for all involved in the field from fire safety engineering students to fire prevention officers. After 21 years as a bestseller, Dougal Drysdale's classic introduction has been brought up-to-date with the latest data and research in a third edition. Features numerical problems with answers illustrating the quantitative applications of the concepts presented. Includes quantitative experimental data regarding material properties. Successfully course-tested at Massachusetts' Worcester Polytechnic Institute and the University of Edinburgh, and widely adopted throughout the world. Of relevance to those working in building design, fire physics and chemistry. "--"This book is unique in that it identifies fire science and fire dynamics and provides the scientific background necessary to the development of fire safety engineering as a professional discipline"--"

"The Second Edition of this introduction to fire protection systems is completely revised and updated to offer the student, architect or engineer the basics of fire protection devices and equipment, and how they may be applied to any given project. Fire Protection: Detection, Notification, and Suppression reveals the “nuts and bolts” of fire protection system selection, design and equipment in an applied approach. Whether a mechanical engineer, safety engineer, architect, estimator, fire service personnel, or student studying in these areas, the authors show the pros and the cons of protection systems being proposed, and how they should be compared to one another. It also gives non-fire engineering practitioners a sense of proportion when they are put in a position to select a consultant, and to give a sense of what the consultant may be doing and how a system is being matched to the hazard. Beginning fire protection engineers could also use its language for writing a report about these systems for a client."

"Penelitian ini membahas tentang analisis sistem proteksi kebakaran, saranapenyelamatan jiwa, serta manajemen kebakaran di Asrama Haji X. Desain penelitian yangdigunakan merupakan studi deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Objekpenelitian ini adalah sistem proteksi kebakaran aktif dan pasif, sarana penyelamatan jiwa,serta manajemen kebakaran di gedung D3 Asrama Haji X. Pengumpulan data didapatkanmelalui observasi, wawancara, dan telaah dokumen, serta menggunakan instrumenberupa checklist. Analisis data dilakukan dengan membandingkan kondisi aktual denganstandar NFPA, Permen PU No. 26 tahun 2008, Permen PU No 20 tahun 2009, dan PerdaDKI Jakarta No 8 tahun 2008. Hasil akhir data merupakan persentase tingkat pemenuhandari standar dan peraturan yang berlaku. Hasil akhir menunjukkan rata-rata pemenuhansistem proteksi kebakaran, sarana penyelamatan jiwa, dan manajemen kebakaran diGedung D3 Asrama Haji X yaitu sebesar 34,2%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa gedung D3Asrama Haji X belum memneuhi standar dan peraturan yang berlaku.

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This study discusses about the analysis of fire protection systems, means of escape

facilities, and fire management in Hajj X Building. The design of this study is a

descriptive analytic with qualitative approach. The objects of this study are active and

passive fire protection systems, means of escape facilities, and fire management in D3

Hajj X Building. Data collection is obtained by observation, interviews and document

review, and using instruments in the form of checklist. Data analysis is performed by

comparing the actual conditions with NFPA, Permen PU No. 26 tahun 2008, Permen PU

No 20 tahun 2009, and Perda DKI Jakarta No 8 tahun 2008 standards. The final result of

the data is a percentage of the level of compliance with the applicable standards and

regulations. The final results showed an average of 34,2% fulfillment of the fire protection

system, means of escape facilities, and fire management in the D3 Hajj X Building. This

shows that the D3 Hajj X Building has not met the requirements in applicable standards."

"Stasiun Transit Manggarai merupakan stasiun paling aktif yang menghubungkan tujuh persimpangan jalur kereta api. Sebelum pandemi, tercatat bahwa Stasiun Manggarai merupakan stasiun tersibuk yang melayani lebih dari 20.000 pengguna setiap harinya (Ditjen Perkeretaapian, 2022). Dan pada Januari 2023, terkonfirmasi bahwa Stasiun Manggarai memiliki 150.000 pengguna transit dan 14.000 pengguna stasiun per harinya (Fransisca, 2023). Jumlah pengguna yang banyak tentunya dapat meningkatkan kepadatan sehingga dapat meningkatkan potensi bahaya dan risiko yang ada, termasuk bahaya dan risiko kebakaran. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran sistem proteksi kebakaran dan keselamatan kebakaran di Stasiun Transit Manggarai Kereta Rel Listrik (KRL) Commuter Line Jabodetabek dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan komparasi. Penulis membandingkan hasil penerapan sistem proteksi kebakaran dan keselamatan kebakaran di Stasiun Manggarai dengan standar NFPA 130 dan Code of Practice for Fire Precautions in Rapid Transit Systems 2022. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan dengan wawancara online, telaah dokumen, dan observasi langsung pada stasiun. Berdasarkan penelitian didapatkan bahwa persentase pemenuhan sistem proteksi kebakaran dan keselamatan kebakaran pada Stasiun Transit Manggarai Kereta Rel Listrik (KRL) Commuter Line Jabodetabek adalah sebesar 84,34% dengan pemenuhan tertinggi pada aspek Fungsi, Reliabilitas, dan Ketersediaan Sistem Komunikasi dan Kontrol dan Persyaratan Kawat dan Kabel sebesar 100% dan pemenuhan terendah pada aspek Sistem Komunikasi Keadaan Darurat sebesar 50%.

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Stasiun Transit Manggarai is the most active station that connects seven railroad crossings. Before the pandemic, it was recorded that Manggarai Station was the busiest station serving more than 20,000 users every day (Ditjen Perkeretaapian, 2022). In January 2023, it was confirmed that Manggarai Station has 150,000 transit users and 14,000 station users per day (Fransisca, 2023). A large number of users can certainly increase the density, and according to research density can increase the existing potential hazards and risks, including fire hazards and risks. Therefore, this research was conducted to find out the implementation of the fire protection system and fire safety at Stasiun Transit Manggarai Kereta Rel Listrik (KRL) Commuter Line Jabodetabek using a descriptive observational method with a comparative approach. The author compares the results of implementing fire protection and fire safety systems at Manggarai Station with NFPA 130 and Code of Practice for Fire Precautions in Rapid Transit Systems 2022. The results of this study were obtained through interviews, document review, and direct observation at the station. Based on the research, it was found that the proportion of implementation of fire protection and fire safety systems at the Stasiun Transit Manggarai Kereta Rel Listrik (KRL) Commuter Line Jabodetabek is 84.34% with the highest fulfillment at the percentage of 100% on two aspects – Function, Reliability, and Availability of Communication and Control Systems and Wire and Cable Requirements. The lowest compliance is in the Emergency Communication System aspect with the percentage of 50%."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis gambaran terhadap sistem proteksi kebakaran, sarana penyelamatan jiwa, dan manajemen kebakaran di Mega Distribution Centre Coca Cola Europacific Partners Cibitung Plant. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan semi kuantitatif melalui observasi online, wawancara, dan telaah dokumen. Analisis data dilakukan dengan membandingkan kondisi aktual dengan Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum No. 26 Tahun 2008, Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum No. 20 Tahun 2009, dan Standar Nasional Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, sistem proteksi kebakaran aktif memiliki nilai persentase tingkat pemenuhan sebesar 94% dengan kategori baik, sistem proteksi kebakaran pasif memiliki nilai persentase tingkat pemenuhan sebesar 100% dengan kategori baik, sarana penyelamatan jiwa memiliki nilai persentase tingkat pemenuhan sebesar 100% dengan kategori baik, dan manajemen kebakaran memiliki nilai persentase tingkat pemenuhan sebesar 100% dengan kategori baik. Hasil akhir menunjukkan rata-rata pemenuhan sistem proteksi kebakaran, sarana penyelamatan jiwa, dan manajemen kebakaran di Mega Distribution Centre Coca Cola Europacific Partners Cibitung Plant yaitu sebesar 98,5%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Mega Distribution Centre Coca Cola Europacific Partners Cibitung Plant telah memenuhi standar dan peraturan.

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The purpose of this research is to analyze the overview of the fire protection system, means of escape, and fire management in Mega Distribution Centre Coca Cola Europacific Partners Cibitung Plant. This research uses a descriptive analytic method with a semi-quantitative approach through online observation, interviews, and document review. Data analysis was carried out by comparing the actual conditions with Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum No. 26 Tahun 2008, Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum No. 20 Tahun 2009, dan Standar Nasional Indonesia. Based on the results of the research, the active fire protection system has a fulfillment rate percentage value of 94% with a good category, a passive fire protection system has a 100% compliance rate percentage value in the good category, means of escape has a 100% compliance rate percentage value with a good category, and fire management has a percentage value of 100% compliance rate with good category. The final result showed an average of 98,5% fulfillment of the fire protection system, means of escape, and fire management in Mega Distribution Centre Coca Cola Europacific Partners Cibitung Plant. This shows that the overall fulfillment average at the Mega Distribution Centre Coca Cola Europacific Partners Cibitung Plant has met the requirements in applicable regulations and standards."