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"Kurang gizi dipengaruhi beberapa faktor, diantaranya, karakteristik orang tua dan balita. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran karakteristik orang tua dan balita kurang gizi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kosambi Tangerang. Penelitian menggunakan desain deskriptif sederhana. Responden penelitian berjumlah 84 orang dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Hasil penelitian menemukan karakteristik orang tua balita kurang gizi adalah usia, tingkat pendidikan yang rendah, pekerjaan dengan penghasilan yang rendah, dan pola asuh pemberian makan yang kurang baik. Karakteristik balita kurang gizi mayoritas berjenis kelamin perempuan dan berusia rata-rata 29,85 bulan. Pendidikan kesehatan mengenai pencegahan kurang gizi pada balita diperlukan untuk menurunkan angka kurang gizi pada balita.

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Parents and child characteristics are some of the many factors, affecting poor nutrition in children under five. This study aims to describe the characteristics of parents and children under five suffer from malnutrition in Puskesmas Kosambi, Tangerang work area. This study used descriptive design with consecutive sampling method. This study gathered 84 samples. Study results showed the characteristics of the parents of children with poor nutrition are age, low educational level, occupation with low income, and poor feeding pattern by parents. Most of the children suffer from malnutrition are female and at the age of 29,85 months. Health education regarding prevention of poor nutrition in children is necessary to decrease the prevalence of children with poor nutrition."

"Pneumonia merupakan masalah serius pada anak balita di Indonesia. Malnutrisi merupakan faktor risiko yang meningkatkan kejadian dan tingkat keparahan pneumonia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara status gizi, karakteristik balita dan karakteristik orang tua dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kabupaten Beji. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional dengan 104 responden yang dipilih secara consecutive sampling. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 21 anak (20,2%) dengan pneumonia dan 83 (79,8%) anak batuk tanpa pneumonia. Variabel yang menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna dengan kejadian pneumonia antara lain status gizi kurang (p = 0,001 dan OR = 5,583), umur ≤12 bulan (p = 0,033 dan OR = 3,248), pemberian ASI eksklusif yang tidak adekuat (p = 0,4 dan OR = 3,093), dan imunisasi tidak lengkap (p = 0,015). Rekomendasi penelitian adalah penyuluhan kesehatan yang menitikberatkan pada faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya pneumonia balita, antara lain promosi gizi yang baik, pemberian ASI eksklusif dan pemberian imunisasi dasar lengkap kepada orang tua terutama yang memiliki balita.

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Pneumonia is a serious problem in children under five in Indonesia. Malnutrition is a risk factor that increases the incidence and severity of pneumonia. This study aims to determine the relationship between nutritional status, characteristics of children under five and characteristics of parents with the incidence of pneumonia in children under five in the working area of ​​Beji District Health Center. The research design used was cross sectional with 104 respondents selected by consecutive sampling. The results showed that 21 children (20.2%) with pneumonia and 83 (79.8%) children with cough without pneumonia. Variables that showed a significant relationship with the incidence of pneumonia included malnutrition status (p = 0.001 and OR = 5.583), age ≤12 months (p = 0.033 and OR = 3.248), inadequate exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.4 and OR = 3.093), and incomplete immunization (p = 0.015). The research recommendation is health education that focuses on the causes of pneumonia under five, including promotion of good nutrition, exclusive breastfeeding and providing complete basic immunization to parents, especially those with toddlers."

"Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan balita memerlukan perhatian yang lebih khusus, yakni stimulasi yang adekuat dari lingkungan sekitarnya dan orangtua. Bila proses stimulasi tidak adekuat maka pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada masa balita ini mengalami gangguan, hal ini akan berakibat terganggunya persiapan terhadap pembentukan anak yang berkualitas. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh karakteristik orangtua dan lingkungan rumah terhadap perkembangan balita. Disain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional dengan sampel berjumlah 98 orang yang terdiri dari 3 kelompok umur di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sidomulyo Rawat Inap Pekanbaru yang dipilih secara proporsional cluster sampling. Alat pengumpul data yang digunakan adalah kuisioner. Data dianalisis dengan chi square dan regresi logistik berganda.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pendidikan orangtua rendah, pekerjaan bapak mayoritas bekerja formal, sedangkan ibu mayoritas tidak bekerja (ibu rumah tangga), dan pendapatan orangtua mayoritas berada diatas UMP, adanya pengaruh pekerjaan bapak dan lingkungan fisik dengan perkembangan balita. Variabel yang paling dominan mempengaruhi perkembangan balita adalah lingkungan fisik (p=0,029) dengan Odds Ratio (OR) adalah 3,000, artinya lingkungan fisik yang mendukung akan mempengaruhi perkembangan balita sesuai umur sebesar 3 kali lebih besar dibandingkan dengan lingkungan fisik yang tidak mendukung. Perlu dilakukan deteksi dini dan stimulasi tumbuh kembang balita, melatih keluarga (ibu) tentang bagaimana cara menciptakan lingkungan fisik yang penuh stimulasi, mensosialisasikan buku panduan perkembangan balita yang telah ada, perlu diciptakan Posyandu yang peduli perkembangan balita, sarana tempat bermain terjangkau yang dilengkapi media dan alat-alat mainan, dan kunjungan rumah secara rutin oleh petugas kesehatan dan kader kesehatan guna mencapai perkembangan balita yang optimal.

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The growth and development of under five children needs more special attention which is adequate stimulation process from their environment and their parent. If the stimulation process doesnot sufficient in this period, it will disturb the growth and development of children which will disturb and the preparation in quality of children formation. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of parent characteristics and home environment on under five children development. The study's design is correlational descriptive with cross sectional approach with 98 samples, it consist into 3 group in the working area of Puskesmas Sidomulyo Rawat Inap Pekanbaru. The interpretation samples use proporsional cluster sampling. The collection tool of data was quisioners. The data are analyzed by multiple logistic regression. The result of the study, showed that the education of parents is low, most of father's jobs are formal sector, while the mothers are only house wife, and most of parents income are above UMP. The father occupation and physical environment had influences on under five children development.

The dominant variable is physical environment on under five children development (p=0,029) with Odds Ratio (OR) is 3,000, support physical of environment will influence aggreable development more large 3 time than that in unsupported physical of environment. The study suggests that it to early detection for under five children growth and development is necessary, family exercise (mother) about how to create stimulation of physical environment, the sosialization the handbook of under five children development, and making Posyandu that care developing for under five children and the play area facilities need to be achievable is necessary, home visit by community nurse is needed to reach the optimize the development of the under five children. "

"Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektifitas PERGIZI dilihat dari komponen input, proses, output dan outcome. Penelitian kualitatif dengan rancangan RAP (Rapid Assesment Procedure), dilakukan minggu keempat bulan Mei 2013 dengan informan kepala seksi gizi, petugas gizi, kader, bidan di desa, ibu balita dan tokoh masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan PERGIZI efektif untuk menanggulangi gizi buruk di Puskesmas Sepatan. dengan indikator meningkatnya status gizi sebesar 69,1%, hanya komponen input yakni dana yang disebagian besar pos gizi masih kurang, sedangkan dari komponen proses dan output telah dapat mencapai tujuan yang ditetapkan. Agar mengoptimalkan penanggulangan gizi buruk di wilayah Puskesmas Kabupaten Tangerang dengan PERGIZI.

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The aims of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the PERGIZI program viewed by its component such as inputs, process, outputs and outcomes. A qualitative research with RAP (Rapid Assessment Procedure) design was conducted at fourth week of May 2013. The data collection methods used an indepth interview and focused group discussion. With the informants 42 persons consisting of section head of nutrition, nutrition workers, cadres, village midwives, mothers of under five children and community leaders. This could be seen from change of nutritional status from the under five children as much as 69,1%. From the input component the mean barrier was funding both component process and output was considered successfull and achieving the predetermined goal. It is recomended to solve existing under five nutritional problem in the district of Tangerang using the PERGIZI approach."

"Perilaku gizi seimbang merupakan praktik pemberian aneka ragam makanan balita dengan menyertakan prinsip perilaku hidup bersih, aktifitas fisik dan mempertahankan berat badan normal. Penerapan perilaku gizi seimbang pada ibu diharap mampu mempercepat perbaikan gizi masyarakat Kemenkes,2014. Kejadian balita malnutrisi masih menjadi masalah prioritas pada negara berkembang seperti Indonesia. Provinsi Banten memiliki angka balita kurus 7.3 melebihi angka nasional 6.8. Tujuan penelitian menilai hubungan antara perilaku gizi seimbang dengan status gizi balita di kecamatan Teluknaga Kabupaten Tangerang Provinsi Banten. Penelitian menggunakan desain studi cross sectional melibatkan 200 sampel ibu yang memiliki balita. Perilaku ibu diukur dengan 17 pertanyaan tentang perilaku gizi seimbang menggunakan kuesioner. Status gizi balita dinilai berdasarkan nilai z-score perbandingan berat badan dan tinggi badan BB/TB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi ibu dengan perilaku gizi seimbang buruk mencapai 34.5 dan prevalensi balita kurus dan sangat kurus 13.5 diatas rata-rata nasional 12.1. Hasil uji bivariat menunjukan hubungan antara perilaku gizi seimbang, pengetahuan gizi seimbang ibu, umur balita, riwayat imunisasi dan riwayat BBLR dengan status gizi balita. Hasil uji multivariat menemukan adanya hubungan perilaku gizi seimbang dengan status gizi balita setelah dikontrol variabel status ekonomi keluarga dengan nilai OR 3.2. Berdasarkan hal tersebut perlu adanya upaya promosi kesehatan masyarakat mengenai gizi seimbang untuk mempercepat peningkatan perilaku ibu guna mereduksi prevalensi balita kurus di area kerja Puskesmas Tegal Angus.

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Nutrition balanced behaviour is the practice of giving dietary diversity byincluding principles of clean living behavior, physical activity and maintaining normal weight. The Implementation of balanced nutritional behavior is expected to be able to improve the nutritional of the community Ministry of Health, 2014. The incidence of children malnutrition is still priority issue in developing countries such as in Indonesia. The prevalence of wasted of under five children was 7.3 higher than national number 6.8.

The objective of the study was to assess the relationship between nutrition balanced behavior and nutritional status of under five years children in Teluknaga Subdistrict, Tangerang district. The study used a cross sectional study design involving 200 samples of mother with under five children. Maternal behavior was measured by 17 questions about nutritional balanced behavior using a questionaire. The nutritional status of under five children assessed based on Z score ratio of body weight for heightZ Score WHZ.

The results showed that the proportion of mother with low nutrition balanced behavior reached 34.5 and the prevalence of wasting and severaly wasting 13.5 above the national average 12.1. The result of bivariate test shows the significant correlation between balanced nutririon behavior, maternal knowledge of nutrition balanced, children ages, immunization history and history of low birth weight with nutritional status of under five children. Multivariate test result after controlled variabel economic status found a relationship of nutritional balanced behavior with nutritional status of under five children with the value of OR 3.2. Based on that, its necessary to promote health promotion on balanced nutrition to accelerate the improvement of mother behavior to reduce the prevalence of wasting in the work area."

"Status gizi berperan dalam menentukan sukses tidaknya upaya peningkatan sumberdaya manusia. Prevalensi gizi kurang BB/U di Kabupaten Tangerang meningkat dari tahun 2007 sampai 2010 yaitu 7,2% menjadi 9,12%. Tujuan penelitian adalah dianalisisnya hubungan antara perilaku KADARZI, karakteristik keluarga dan balita dengan status gizi balita (12-59 bulan) di Kabupaten Tangerang tahun 2011. Penilitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekuder hasil survey PSG KADARZI Kabupaten Tangerang tahun 2011. Prevalensi balita gizi kurang (termasuk gizi buruk) 17,9%, pendek (termasuk sangat pendek) 32,9%, kurus (termasuk sangat kurus) 11,8%. Variabel yang berhubungan secara bermakna dengan status gizi balita BB/U adalah menimbang balita secara teratur, riwayat ASI Eksklusif, menggunakan garam beryodium, pendidikan ayah, pendidikan ibu, usia ibu, besar keluarga, dan umur balita. Variabel yang berhubungan bermakna dengan status gizi PB/U atau TB/U sama dengan BB/U ditambah variabel konsumsi kapsul vitamin A. Berdasarkan indeks BB/PB atau BB/TB adalah riwayat ASI Eksklusif, dan pendidikan ibu. Hasil uji multivariat menunjukkan faktor dominan BB/U adalah pendidikan ibu, PB/U atau TB/U adalah pendidikan ayah. Sedangkan BB/PB atau BB/TB adalah riwayat ASI Eksklusif. Perlu adanya pendidikan gizi bagi keluarga.

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Nutritional status is one of the important indicator for human resources. From 2007 to 2010, prevalence of undernutrition increased from 7,2% to 9,12%. General objective of this study was to determine the relationship between family nutrition awareness (KADARZI), family and children under five characteristics with nutritional status of children under five (12-59 months) at Tangerang District in 2011. This quantitative study using cross sectional study design. The data were result from family nutrition awareness and nutritional status survey at Tangerang district in 2011. The analysis showed that the prevalence of underweight was found at 17,9%. stunted was found at 32,9%, wasted was found at 11,8%. Chi square test result showed that there was a significant association (p≤0.05) between growth monitoring, exclusive breastfeeding history, the use of iodized salt, father?s level of education, mother?s level of education, mother?s age, number of family members, and child?s age with nutritional status based on BB/U index. PB/U or TB/U index were the same as BB/U but added by vitamin A capsule intake. BB/PB or BB/TB Index were exclusive breastfeeding history and mother's level of education. Multivariate test results showed that mother's level of education is the most dominant factor associated with nutritional status (BB/U). PB/U or TB/U index was father?s level of education. BB/PB or BB/TB index was exclusive breastfeeding history. The following need famiy nutritional education."

"ABSTRACTPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran praktek pemberian rehidrasioral (RO) pada balita diare. Disain cross sectional dan metode pengumpulan datawawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner terujicoba digunakan pada 80 ibubalita (0-59 bulan) yang dipilih dengan tehnik simple random sampling. Hasilpenelitian mendapatkan 57,5% ibu balita melakukan praktek pemberian ROsecara adekuat pada balita diare. Persepsi kerentanan dan persepsi hambatanberhubungan dengan praktek pemberian RO, dimana ibu balita yangmempersepsikan balitanya rentan terhadap diare berpeluang memberikan ROhamper 3 kali dibanding yang mempersepsikan balitanya tidak rentan terhadapdiare, sedangkan ibu balita yang mempersepsikan tidak ada hambatan untukmemberikan RO pada balita diare berpeluang memberikan RO pada balitanyasebesar 13 kali dibanding ibu balita yang mempersepsikan adanya hambatan

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ABSTRACTThe aims of this study is to describe the mother’s practice on giving OralRehydration (OR) to under five (U-5) children who suffered diarrhea. Crosssectional design and interview method was used to collect the data from 80mothers of under five children that was selected by simple random samplingtechnique. The study result showed 57,5% mothers gave RO adequately to theirU-5 children who suffered diarrhea. Mother’s perception of susceptibility andbarrier related to their practices on giving RO to their U-5 children, whereasmothers who perceived their U-5 children susceptible to diarrhea likely give ROalmost 3 times than who perceived their U-5 children unsusceptible. Mothers whoperceived no barriers on giving RO to their U-5 children likely give RO 13 timesthan mothers who had barriers."

"Pneumonia merupakan penyebab kematian terbesar akibat infeksi pada balita di seluruh dunia, terutama di negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia. Polusi udara dalam ruangan menjadi salah satu faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi kejadian pneumonia disamping faktor individu dan infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara PM2,5 dalam udara ruang rumah dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik observasional menggunakan desain studi kasus kontrol. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 78 balita dari wilayah kerja Puskesmas Citeureup yang terdiri dari 26 kasus dan 52 kontrol. Data penelitian dikumpulkan menggunakan alat mini particle counter dan kuesioner, serta dianalisis menggunakan chi square dan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status gizi (OR=12,14; 95%CI: 1,33-110,29), status imunisasi (OR=5,51; 95%CI: 1,82-16,69), ASI eksklusif (OR=3,89; 95%CI: 1,27-11,88), luas ventilasi (OR= 4,09; 95%CI: 1,43-11,75), dan kebiasaan merokok dalam rumah (OR=4,09; 95%CI: 1,51-11,12) berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita. Konsentrasi PM2,5 dalam rumah berhubungan dengan pneumonia pada balita (aOR=4,092; 95%CI: 1,08-15,45) setelah dikontrol oleh status imunisasi, ASI eksklusif, luas ventilasi dan adanya orang yang merokok di dalam rumah.

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Pneumonia is the major causes of death due to infection in children under five around the world, especially in developing countries including Indonesia. Indoor air pollution is one of the risk factors that increased the incidence of pneumonia besides individual factors and infections. This study aimed to determine the relationship between indoor PM2,5 with the incidence of pneumonia in children under five. This was an analytic observational study with case control design. The sample study was 78 children under five selected from working area of Puskesmas Citeureup consisted of 26 cases and 52 controls. The data were collected by mini particle counter and a set of questionnaire, analyzed by chi square and multiple logistic regression. The results showed that nutritional status (OR=12.14; 95% CI: 1.33 to 110.29), immunization status (OR=5.51; 95% CI: 1.82 to 16.69), exclusive breastfeeding (OR=3.89; 95% CI: 1.27 to 11.88), ventilation (OR=4.09; 95% CI: 1.43 to 11.75), and smoking habits at home (OR=4.09; 95% CI: 1.51 to 11.12) associated with the incidence of pneumonia. Indoor PM2.5 were associated with pneumonia in children under five (aOR=4,092; 95%CI: 1.08 to 15.45) after being controlled by immunization status, exclusive breastfeeding, ventilation and smoking habits at home."

"Hubungan Perilaku Sehat Ibu Terhadap Kejadian Diae Pada Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Bogor Utara Tahun 2017Pada tahun 2015, jumlah kasus diare yang terjadi di Kota Bogor terdapat sebanyak 27.289 kasus. Kejadian diare di Kecamatan Bogor Utara sebesar 5.530 kasus. Kecamatan Bogor Utara merupakan kecamatan dengan jumlah kasus diare tertinggi se-Kota Bogor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor sosial ekonomi, faktor perilaku dan faktor lingkungan dengan kejadian diare pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bogor Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan disain cross sectional. Sebanyak 97 ibu yang memiliki anak balita diwawancari sebagai sampel penelitian menggunakan kuesioner. Sampel diambil pada 4 RW di Kelurahan Tanah Baru, dengan menggunakan teknik quota sampling. Analisis dilakukan untuk menilai kejadian diare, faktor sosial ekonomi, faktor perilaku dan faktor lingkungan.Ditemukan sebesar 37,1 kejadian diare di wilayah puskesmas Bogor Utara. Hasil analisis diketahui bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara perilaku cuci tangan, kepemilikan jamban, sarana sumber air bersih dan sarana pembuangan air limbah dengan kejadian diare.

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Relationship of Healthy Behavior of Mother Towards Diarrhea Occurrence at Toddler Children Under Five In Work Area of Puskesmas Bogor Utara 2017In 2015, the number of cases of diarrhea that occurred in the city of Bogor there were 27,289 cases. While the incidence of diarrhea in North Bogor District amounted to 5,530 cases. North Bogor Sub district is the highest number of cases of diarrhea in Bogor City.

Study aim is to determine the relationship between socioeconomic factors, behavioral factors and environmental factors with the incidence of diarrhea an children under five years old in the work area of Puskesmas Bogor Utara. This study used cross sectional design. A total of 97 mothers with toddlers were interviewed as research samples using a questionnaire. Samples were taken at 4 RW in Tanah Baru Urban Village, using quota sampling technique. This study used primary data taken using a questionnaire to assess the incidence of diarrhea, socioeconomic factors and behavioral factors.This and found 37.1 of chause got diarrhea in the area of Puskesmas Bogor Utara.

The result show statistically significant a relationship between handwashing behavior, latrine ownership, clean water source and treatment of waste water disposal facility with diarrhea occurrence."

"Kasus gizi buruk balita masih menjadi permasalahan serius di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini menjelaskan pengaruh pemberian diet formula 75 dan 100 terhadap berat badan balita gizi buruk rawat jalan. Desain penelitian menggunakan quasi experimental pre-post test with control group dengan teknik total sampling, terdiri dari 15 responden sebagai kelompok intervensi dan 15 responden sebagai kelompok kontrol. Analisis yang digunakan adalah uji chi squere, paired t-test, independent t-test serta uji ancova. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna berat badan balita gizi buruk rawat jalan sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan pada kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol (p-value < α). Peningkatan berat badan kelompok intervensi lebih besar daripada kelompok kontrol. Puskesmas diharapkan menindaklanjuti hasil penelitian ini sehingga dapat mencapai target berat badan balita gizi buruk rawat jalan sesuai dengan standar.

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Malnutrition is still a serious problem in Indonesia which often occur in groups of children aged under five years old. The research objective is to describe the influence of diet formulas 75 and 100 to the body weight of under five years old malnutrition outpatient. Research design using quasi experimental pre-post test with control group with total sampling technique, consists of 15 respondents as intervention group and 15 respondents as control group. The analysis using chi square, paired t-test, independent t-test and ancova test.

Statistical test results shows that there were significant differences the body weight of under five years malnutrition outpatients before and after treatment in the intervention group and control group (p-value <α). The improvement of body weight on intervention group is greater than the control group. The public health center are expected to follow up the results of this study as to reach the target of body weight of children under five years malnutrition outpatients according to the standard."