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"Usia dini merupakan masa emas tumbuh kembang anak yang sangat perlu diperhatikan, terutama oleh ibu sebagai orang tua. Salah satu aspek perkembangan yang dimaksud adalah perkembangan bicara dan bahasa anak. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang perkembangan bicara dan bahasa anak usia dini. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Responden penelitian ini berjumlah 106 orang dari wilayah RW 09 Kelurahan Tugu. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Insrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kuesioner yang terdiri dari 43 pertanyaan seputar perkembangan bicara dan bahasa anak. Hasil analisis univariat menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 67% responden (71 orang) memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang tinggi tentang perkembangan bicara dan bahasa anak usia dini. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan untuk penyusunan materi dalam pendidikan kesehatan tentang perkembangan bicara dan bahasa anak sehingga diharapkan kejadian gangguan bicara pada anak dapat diminimalkan dan dideteksi lebih dini.

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Early childhood is golden period for child development which need full attention, especially from mother as parents. One aspect of child development mentioned here is speak and language development. Because of that, this research is doing exploration mother?s knowledge about speak and language development of early childhood. There were 106 respondents participate this research from RW 09 Kelurahan Tugu. Sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Questionare with 43 questions about speak and language development of early childhood was used as instrument of this research. Result of univariat analys showed that 67% respondent has gained high level of knowledge about speak and language development of early childhood. The result of this research can be used as reference to arrange curriculum for health education programm about speak and language development of early childhood, so parents especially mother can detect the problem earlier and decrease amount of speak and language disorder."

"Ibu bekerja pada umumnya memiliki waktu yang terbatas untuk berinteraksi dengan anaknya padahal anak usia prasekolah sedang mengalami puncak perkembangan kognitif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kekuatan dan arah hubungan antara pola asuh ibu bekerja dengan perkembangan kognitif anak usia prasekolah. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Cross Sectional yang melibatkan 45 responden ibu bekerja beserta anaknya di dua TK di Kelurahan Cipayung Jakarta Timur dengan teknik Cluster Sampling. Hasil uji Korelasi Rank Spearman menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang lemah dan negatif antara pola asuh otoriter (r= -0,071) dan permisif (r= -0,164) dengan perkembangan kognitif anak usia prasekolah, namun terdapat hubungan yang lemah dan positif antara pola asuh demokratis (r= 0,036) dengan perkembangan kognitif anak usia prasekolah. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan kepada praktisi kesehatan untuk memberikan informasi kepada ibu yang bekerja tentang jenis pola asuh yang dapat mendukung perkembangan kognitif anak.

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Most of working mothers have limited time to interact with their children while preschool-aged children reach their peak cognitive development. This research is aimed to identify the power and the linear relationship between parenting styles and cognitive development of preschool-aged children. Design used in this research is Cross Sectional which took 45 respondents of working mothers and their children in kindergartens at administrative village of Cipayung East Jakarta as the sample of the study who were chosen by using Cluster Sampling technique.

The result of Spearman’s Rank Correlation test showed there were weak and negative correlation between authoritarian parenting (r= -0,071) and permissive parenting (r= -0,164) with the cognitive development of preschool-aged children, however there were weak and positive correlation between authoritative parenting (r= 0,036) and the cognitive development of preschool-aged children. This research is recommended to the health practitioner to give information to working mothers about the type of parenting styles that can support children’s cognitive development."

"Perkembangan sosial emosional merupakan salah satu perkembangan yang terjadi pada anak usia pra sekolah yang dapat dipengaruhi oleh penggunaan media elektronik. Penggunaan media elektronik dalam jangka panjang dan tanpa pengawasan orang tua menyebabkan meningkatnya screen time pada anak dan dapat menyebabkan gangguan perilaku emosional. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan screen time dengan perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia pra sekolah di Depok. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cluster random sampling melibatkan 216 responden (ibu) dari anak pra sekolah yang berasal dari 3 TK di Depok yang terpilih. Instrumen diukur dengan Kuesioner Masalah Perilaku Emosional (KMPE) dan kuesioner screen time. Hasil utama penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara screen time dengan perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia pra sekolah di Depok (p value = <0,001). Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pembatasan penggunaan screen time pada anak usia pra sekolah. Selain itu perlu adanya edukasi baik dari sekolah maupun mahasiswa keperawatan terkait faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan sosial emosional anak, yaitu screen time.

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Social emotional development is one of the developments that occur in pre-school children, which can be influenced by using electronic media. The use of electronic media in the long term and without parental supervision leads to increased screen time in children and can have an impact on their social emotional development such as emotional behavior disorders. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between screen time and the social emotional development of pre-school children in Depok. This research used a cross-sectional design and cluster random sampling technique involving 216 respondents (mothers) of pre-school children from 3 selected kindergartens in Depok. Social emotional problems were measured with the Kuesioner Masalah Perilaku Emosional (KMPE) and screen time questionnaire. The main result showed an association between screen time and social emotional development of pre-school children in Depok (p value = <0.001). According to the results of this study, it is necessary to limit the use of screen time in pre-school children according to existing recommendations, in addition to the need for education both from schools and nursing students related to factors that can affect children's social emotional development, especially screen time."

"Tingkat partisipasi anak prasekolah pada Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) masih terbilang rendah, di mana lebih dari 70% anak Indonesia belum berpartisipasi. Padahal, perkembangan psikososial anak pada tahap prasekolah akan menjadi dasar kondisi psikososial seseorang ketika dewasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara keikutsertaan anak dalam PAUD dengan perkembangan psikososial anak prasekolah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif korelatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kelurahan Jatirahayu, Bekasi dengan jumalh responden 130 orang anak prasekolah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 66,7% anak yang mengikuti PAUD memiliki perkembangan psikososial yang baik. Hasil uji Chi Square menyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara keikutsertaan anak dalam PAUD dan perkembangan psikososial anak prasekolah (p= 0.014, α= 0.05).

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Pre-school aged children participation in Early Childhood Education (ECE) is still relatively low in Indonesia, in which more than 70% of them have not yet participated. Whereas, psychosocial development during the preschool aged will be the foundation of their psychosocial condition in adulthood. The aim of this research is to discover the corelationship between the participation of preschool aged children in ECE and their psychosocial development.

The descriptivecorrelative method was used in this research, with the cross sectional approach. This research was conducted in Jatirahayu, Bekasi, with 130 preschool aged children respondents.

The result shows that 66.7% of them who participated in ECE have good psychosocial development. The result of Chi Square shows that there is a significant correlation between the participation of preschool aged children in ECE and their psychosocial development (p= 0.014, α= 0.05)."

"Kesehatan ibu dan anak merupakan salah satu indikator kesehatan dalam Millennium Development Goals yang ditetapkan PBB. Hal ini meliputi frekuensi pemeriksaan kehamilan, prevalensi kelahiran yang ditemani petugas kesehatan, pemberian vaksin tetanus toksoid dan pengetahuan ibu mengenai gejala yang menjadi tanda bahaya pada masa kehamilan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui ada tidaknya hubungan yang bermakna antara tingkat pendidikan terhadap indikator tersebut. Data diambil pada 1 Maret 2011 sampai 1 April 2012 di Jakarta timur. terdapat 463 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan diluar kriteria eksklusi dan dropout. Didapatkan 97% ibu rumah tangga melahirkan ditempat petugas kesehatan, 38,0% bisa menjawab seluruh pertanyaan tentang gejala yang menjadi tanda bahaya pada saat melahirkan dan kehamilan, 78.4% responden pernah diimunisasi vaksin tetanus toksoid ketika hamil, dan 97,2 % responden memeriksakan kehamilan lebih dari 4 kali memalui uji statistik. Tidak ditemukan hubungan bermakna antara pendidikan ibu dengan prevalensi pemberian vaksin tetanus toksoid (p = 0.650), prevalensi kelahiran ditempat petugas kesehatan (p = 0.693) dan pengetahuan mengenai bahaya kehamilan (p = 0.924). ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna untuk indikator frekuensi pemeriksaan kehamilan (p = 0.047).

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Mother and and child health is one of health indicator of Millenium Development Goals from United Nation. These indicator are including daily pregnant examination, delivery which attended by skilled person, tetanus toxoid vaccination and knowledge of alarm symptom in pregnant and delivery period. This research is to find relationship between mother’s formal education with those indicator. Data collection had started from 1 march 2011 until 1 July 2011. From 2401 respondent that fill s the questionarie, 463 family are having infant in their home and filling questionnaire correctly. 97% delivery attended by skilled person, 38,0% can answer all alarm symptom correctly. 78,4% had vaccination in last pregnancy period and 97,2% doing pregnant examination more than 4 times. Significant result showed up between mother’s education and frequency of pregnant examination (p = 0,047). no significant result showed up between mother’s education and prevalence of delivery which attended by skilled person (p = 0,693), between mother’s education and alarm symptom in pregnancy and delivery period (p = 0,924) and between mother’s education and tetanus toxoid vaccination (p = 0,650)."

"Anak jalanan di Jakarta merupakan golongan yang rentan terlibat perilaku seksual berisiko yang menimbulkan masalah kesehatan reproduksi. Perilaku ini dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan, persepsi, dan sikap anak jalanan mengenai kesehatan reproduksi dan hal-hal terkait seksualitas. Penelitian ini merupakan sebuah penelitian kualitatif untuk mendapatkan gambaran pengetahuan, persepsi, dan sikap anak jalanan terhadap berbagai isu terkait seksualitas. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa sebagian subyek dapat menggambarkan pubertas dengan adanya perubahan fisik dan psikososial dari pubertas, pengetahuan subyek yang berusia lebih tua atau berpendidikan lebih tinggi cenderung dapat menyebutkan informasi yang lebih banyak, sebagian besar subyek tidak mengetahui proses fisiologis dari menstruasi, mimpi basah, dan kehamilan. Sumber informasi utama mereka adalah peer group. Subyek memiliki berbagai persepsi terhadap seksualitas seperti hubungan seksual yang dinilai tidak aman karena dimaknai secara konkrit sehingga dikaitkan dengan risiko adanya kekerasan. Sebagian subyek menilai usia remaja adalah usia yang wajar untuk melakukan hubungan seksual, sebagian subyek lain mengaitkannya dengan pernikahan dan dosa. Halhal ini dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan, norma deskriptif, norma agama/sosial, proses kognitif. Sepertiga sampel terlibat dalam hubungan seksual dan dua pertiga lainnya belum. Pilihan perilaku ini dipengaruhi pengetahuan, persepsi kognitif, afeksi, norma, dan lingkungan.

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Jakarta street children are prone to be exposed to risky sexual behaviors lead to reproductive health problem. These behaviors are influenced by street children's knowledge, perception, and attitude toward reproductive health and issues related to sexuality. This is a qualitative research aimed to attain the description of street children's knowledge, perception, and attitude toward issues related to sexuality. From this research we conclude that some subjects are able to describe puberty in both physical and psychosocial aspects, older or higher educated children tend to be able to mention more information than the other, most subjects do not know the physiologic process of menstruation, wet dream, and pregnancy. Their main information sources are their friends. Subjects have various perceptions on sexuality, as sexual intercourse is perceived unsafe for its relation to violence concretely processed by younger subjects, some subjects perceive sexual intercourse is a common practice among teenager, and some relate it to marriage and sin. These are affected by knowledge, descriptive norm, religion/social norm, and cognitive process. One third of the subjects are involved in sexual intercourse and two third other are not. These behaviors are affected by knowledge, cognitive process, affection, norm, and environment."

"Pola asuh ibu merupakan faktor yang memengaruhi perkembangan anak, khususnya perkembangan sosial emosional anak. Perkembangan sosial emosional dapat mengidentifikasi kemampuan sosial, emosional, intelektual, dan perilaku positif lainnya pada anak usia prasekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pola asuh ibu dan perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia prasekolah di PAUD Desa Parakan Jaya, Bogor. Desain penelitian menggunakan deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional pada 103 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner parenting styles and dimentions questionnare dan kuesioner perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia 4-5 tahun dan 5-6 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pola asuh ibu dengan perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia prasekolah 4-5 tahun dan 5-6 tahun p value = 0,225; 0,108 . Faktor lain seperti usia ibu, pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, dan jenis kelamin anak tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna dengan perkembangan sosial emosional anak. Namun demikian, pada penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa mayoritas perkembangan sosial emosional anak meragukan. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan screening sejak dini untuk mendeteksi adanya penyimpangan perkembangan sosial emosional anak.

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Parenting style is a factor that influences a children's development, especially for social emotional development. Social emotional development begun to identify social, emotional, intellectual, and other positive behaviors in preschoolers. This research aims to know the correlation between mother's parenting style and social emotional development of preschool aged children 4 6 years old in PAUD at Parakan Jaya Village of Bogor. Design research use analytic descriptive approach cross sectional at 103 respondents. Data collection by parenting styles and dimentions questionnare and social emotional development questionnare for 4 5 years old and 5 6 years old.

The results of this research show there is a no relationship of the correlation between mother's parenting style and social emotional development of preschool aged children 4 5 years old and 5 6 years old p value i.e. 0.225 0.108 . Other factors such as age, education, employment, and sex show there is a no relationship with the children's social emotional development. However, this research found that majority of the children's social emotional development is questionable. So, screening is necessary to indentify the deviation of the children's social emotional development. "

"Anak usia dini memiliki masa emas 0-5 tahun pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangannya yang harus diperhatikan ibu sebagai orang tua. Perkembangan anak terdiri dari aspek motorik kasar, motorik halus, bicara dan bahasa, serta sosialisasi dan kemandirian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan ibu dan perkembangan anak balita. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif-analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Responden penelitian ini berjumlah 109 orang yang dipilih menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan terdiri dari 32 pertanyaan tentang perkembangan anak balita. Hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi Square dan memperlihatkan adanya hubungan bermakna antara tingkat pengetahuan ibu dan perkembangan anak balita p=0,008 . Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan rujukan untuk perawat dalam menyusun materi perkembangan anak balita dalam pemberian pendidikan kesehatan, sehingga diharapkan pengetahuan ibu tentang perkembangan anak dapat diterapkan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan perkembangan anak sesuai usia.

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Early childhood have a golden period 0 5 years old of growth and developments that have to observed by the mother as a parent. Development on consisted of motor aspect of coarse, fine motor, speech and language, as well as socialization and independence. This research aims to know the relationship between the level of knowledge of mother and early childhood development. This research was conducted using a descriptive analytic study design with cross sectional approach. There were 109 have been selected with a consecutive sampling technique. The instruments used on this research consists of 32 questions about early childhood development. Research results are analyzed using Chi Square test and meaningful relationship between showed the level of knowledge of the mother and early childhood development p 0.008 . The results of this research can be used as a reference for nurses in compiling the material development of the early childhood in the granting of health education, so expect the mother 39 s knowledge about child development can be applied in fulfilling the needs of child development according to age."

"[ABSTRAK Enuresis merupakan permasalahan yang biasa terjadi pada anak anak di seluruh dunia Enuresis dapat meningkatkan kerentanan anak untuk mengalami masalah psikologis Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan enuresis dengan terjadinya masalah psikologis pada anak usia prasekolah Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional Penelitian ini melibatkan 53 anak usia prasekolah di TK X Cijantung Data yang diperoleh dianalisa dengan menggunakan uji statistik chi square Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik acak sederhana Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persentase sebesar 64 2 untuk kejadian enuresis dan masalah psikologis pada anak usia prasekolah di TK X Terjadinya masalah psikologis berhubungan dengan kejadian dan frekuensi enuresis pada anak Akan tetapi terjadinya masalah psikologis tidak berhubungan dengan usia jenis kelamin dan jenis enuresis anak Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini diharapkan institusi sekolah dan orang tua memiliki tanggung jawab yang lebih besar dalam upaya mengurangi kejadian enuresis demi mencegah terjadinya masalah psikologis pada anak usia prasekolah ;ABSTRACT Enuresis is recognized as a common problem among children in worldwide Enuresis can be predisposition factor of psychological problems in preschool aged childrens This study purposed to determine the relationship between enuresis and the occurrence of psychological problems in preschool aged childrens The method in this study was cross sectional This study involved 53 students at TK X Cijantung then analyzed by chi square The sampling technique of the study was simple random sampling The result of this study showed 64 2 for enuresis and psychological problem percentage in preschool aged childrens at TK X The occurrence of psychological problems was related to enuresis and frequency of enuresis in preschool aged childrens However the result of this study showed that the occurrence of psychological problems was not related to child rsquo s age gender and kinds of enuresis Based on this study results the school institution and parents should have responsibility to reduce enuresis incindence to prevent the prognosis of enuresis ;Enuresis is recognized as a common problem among children in worldwide Enuresis can be predisposition factor of psychological problems in preschool aged childrens This study purposed to determine the relationship between enuresis and the occurrence of psychological problems in preschool aged childrens The method in this study was cross sectional This study involved 53 students at TK X Cijantung then analyzed by chi square The sampling technique of the study was simple random sampling The result of this study showed 64 2 for enuresis and psychological problem percentage in preschool aged childrens at TK X The occurrence of psychological problems was related to enuresis and frequency of enuresis in preschool aged childrens However the result of this study showed that the occurrence of psychological problems was not related to child rsquo s age gender and kinds of enuresis Based on this study results the school institution and parents should have responsibility to reduce enuresis incindence to prevent the prognosis of enuresis ;Enuresis is recognized as a common problem among children in worldwide Enuresis can be predisposition factor of psychological problems in preschool aged childrens This study purposed to determine the relationship between enuresis and the occurrence of psychological problems in preschool aged childrens The method in this study was cross sectional This study involved 53 students at TK X Cijantung then analyzed by chi square The sampling technique of the study was simple random sampling The result of this study showed 64 2 for enuresis and psychological problem percentage in preschool aged childrens at TK X The occurrence of psychological problems was related to enuresis and frequency of enuresis in preschool aged childrens However the result of this study showed that the occurrence of psychological problems was not related to child rsquo s age gender and kinds of enuresis Based on this study results the school institution and parents should have responsibility to reduce enuresis incindence to prevent the prognosis of enuresis , Enuresis is recognized as a common problem among children in worldwide Enuresis can be predisposition factor of psychological problems in preschool aged childrens This study purposed to determine the relationship between enuresis and the occurrence of psychological problems in preschool aged childrens The method in this study was cross sectional This study involved 53 students at TK X Cijantung then analyzed by chi square The sampling technique of the study was simple random sampling The result of this study showed 64 2 for enuresis and psychological problem percentage in preschool aged childrens at TK X The occurrence of psychological problems was related to enuresis and frequency of enuresis in preschool aged childrens However the result of this study showed that the occurrence of psychological problems was not related to child rsquo s age gender and kinds of enuresis Based on this study results the school institution and parents should have responsibility to reduce enuresis incindence to prevent the prognosis of enuresis ]"