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"Yeats, it has been claimed, invented a country and called it Ireland. His plays, poetry and prose record his life-long commitment to establishing new forms of individual and collective identity. Marjorie Howes's study is the first sustained attempt to examine Yeats's invention of Irishness through the most recent theoretical work on literature, gender and nationalism in postcolonial cultures. She explores the complex, often contradictory ways Yeats's politics are refracted through his writing. Yeats had a complicated relation to British imperialism and the English literary tradition, an intense but troubled commitment to Irish nationalism, and a fascination with the Anglo-Irish as a declining ruling class. As a Free State senator, he participated in Ireland's postcolonial project of nation-building; he also confronted his own isolation as a Protestant intellectual in a deeply Catholic country. The various Irish nations he invented, she claims, are intensely powerful imaginative responses to a period of violent historical change. By placing Yeats's politics and poetics at the centre of debates on nationalism and gender currently occupying critics in postcolonial studies, Howes reveals the contemporary cultural codes governing representations of class and gender embedded in the poet's concepts of nationality. Ironically, in Yeats's works, the unity of the Irish nation is embodied in the relationship between the Irish peasantry and the Anglo-Irish aristocracy, and excludes the Catholic middle classes. Every public proclamation on national destiny involves an intensely private scrutiny of gender and sexuality. This accessible and thorough study will appeal to all interested in Irish studies, postcolonial theory, and the relationship between nationalism and sexuality."

"Dalam karya tulisnya, William Butler Yeats sering menampilkan seorang wanita yang mengacu ke Helena dari Troya, salah satu tokoh wanita dalam mitologi Yunani. Melihat kesamaan antara doktrin Yeats Anima Mundi atau Unity of Being, dengan konsep ketidaksadaran kolektif dari Carl Gustav Jung dalam hal pembahasan arketipe, permasalahan yang disoroti tesis ini adalah kemungkinan adanya arketipe dibalik sosok Helena dari Troya. Dengan demikian tesis ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan adanya arketipe tersebut dan apa maknanya dalam puisi puisi itu adalah No Second Troy, A Woman Homer Sung, The Sorrow Of Love, The Long legged fly, dani Leda and the Swan. Pendekatan yang d i gunakan adalah pendekatan arketipal-mitologis yang dapat memperlihatkan ber agam arketipe yang ada pada sosok Helena. Dari analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa sosok Helena dalam kelima puisi Yeats di atas menampilkam arketipe anima positif maupun negatif , Bunda Agung (Great Mother), anak ajaib (The Miraculous Child), dan si pengelabu (The Trickster). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa walaupun Helena dari Troya kerapkali tampil dalam sajak-sajak Yeats, is tidak mewakili satu makna yang tunggal melainkan sejumlah makna yang berlainan bahkan kerapkali bertentangan.

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In many of W.B.Yeats poems, a woman repeatedly appears referring to the mythical Helen of Troy. Considering the similarity between Yeats's doctrine of Anima Mundi or "Unity of Being" and Carl Gustav Jung's concept of the collective unconscious in that they both deals with archetypes, the question this thesis aims to look into is the possibility of the existence of archetypes present in the figure of Helen of Troy. As such, this thesis aims to reveal the archetypes and what they represent in Yeats' poems in terms of meaning. The poems are respectively: "No Second Troy", "A Woman Homer Sung", "The Sorrow of Love", "The Long legged Fly", and "Leda and the Swan". The approach used is the archetypal-mythological approach, which can uncover the various archetypes hidden in the figure of Helen of Troy. Based on the analysis of the poems, it can be concluded that the archetypes Helen of Troy represents are the positive and negative sides of the anima, the Great Mother, the Miraculous Child, and the Trickster. It shows that although Helen of Troy constantly appears in Yeats'poems, it does not represent a single, uniformed meaning but conveys a range of different and frequently contradictory meanings."