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"Penelitian ini meneliti tentang kebijakan One Tambon One Product (OTOP) dalam rangka meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi Thailand yang berfokus di Provinsi Chiang Mai. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini melalui metode kualitatif yaitu dengan melakukan wawancara dan pengumpulan data. Peningkatan pertumbuhan ekonomi masyarakat lokal di Chiang Mai dengan dengan adanya Local Economic Development dan pengembangan endogen (endogenous development). Penerapan kebijakan OTOP di Thailand kemungkinan besar berkontribusi dalam mengatasi permasalahan ekonomi seperti pengangguran dan kemiskinan di Thailand setelah 1997 Krisis Asia. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan OTOP di bawah perintah Thaksin Shinawatra secara efektif meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi masyarakat lokal dengan adanya endogenous development di provinsi Chiang Mai.

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This research examines about One Tambon One Product policy in order to increase Thailand's economic growth focusing in Chiang Mai Province. Qualitative Methods used in this research such as interviews and collecting datas. The enhancement of local people's economy in Chiang Mai in conjunction with local economic development and endogenous development. The implementation of OTOP policy in order to solving economic problem such as unemployment and poverty in Thailand after 1997 Asian Crisis. The result of this research shown that OTOP policy under Thaksin Shinawatra order effectively increase the growth of local people's economy and shape endogenous development in Chiang Mai province."

"[Optimal growth theory studies the problem of efficient resource allocation over time, a fundamental concern of economic research. Since the 1970s, the techniques of nonlinear dynamical systems have become a vital tool in optimal growth theory, illuminating dynamics and demonstrating the possibility of endogenous economic fluctuations. Kazuo Nishimura's seminal contributions on business cycles, chaotic equilibria and indeterminacy have been central to this development, transforming our understanding of economic growth, cycles, and the relationship between them. The subjects of Kazuo's analysis remain of fundamental importance to modern economic theory. , Optimal growth theory studies the problem of efficient resource allocation over time, a fundamental concern of economic research. Since the 1970s, the techniques of nonlinear dynamical systems have become a vital tool in optimal growth theory, illuminating dynamics and demonstrating the possibility of endogenous economic fluctuations. Kazuo Nishimura's seminal contributions on business cycles, chaotic equilibria and indeterminacy have been central to this development, transforming our understanding of economic growth, cycles, and the relationship between them. The subjects of Kazuo's analysis remain of fundamental importance to modern economic theory. ]"

"ABSTRAKPenelitian terdahulu menggambarkan adanya hubungan non-linier antara ukuran pemerintah dan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Dalam hubungan non-linier ini, peningkatan ukuran pemerintah akan memberikan manfaat, sampai ambang batas tertentu. Namun, di atas ambang batas tersebut, peningkatan ukuran pemerintah memberikan dampak buruk terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Dengan menggunakan data panel 30 provinsi di Indonesia untuk periode 2001-2015, penelitian ini menerapkan analisis ambang batas untuk menginvestigasi hubungan non-linier antara ukuran pemerintah dan pertumbuhan ekonomi regional. Pengaruh ukuran pemerintah, di bawah dan di atas ambang batas, diestimasi dengan menggunakan fixed effects dan generalized method of momen GMM dengan tipe instrumen Arellano dan Bond 1991 . Analisis GMM diterapkan untuk memperhitungkan adanya kemungkinan hubungan timbal balik dan endogenitas. Kedua metode estimasi tersebut secara lemah mendukung hipotesis hubungan non-linier antara ukuran pemerintah dan pertumbuhan ekonomi regional, yang menunjukkan perubahan pada kemiringan koefisien di sekitar nilai ambang batas.

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ABSTRACTPrevious studies have illustrated a non linear relationship between government size and economic growth. In this non linear relationship, the increase in government size is beneficial until a certain threshold. However, above that threshold, it has a deleterious effect on economic growth. Using panel data from 30 provinces in Indonesia for the 2001 ndash 2015 period, this study applies a threshold analysis to investigate the non linear relationship between government size and regional economic growth. The effect of government size, below and above the threshold, is estimated by the fixed effects estimation and the generalized method of moments GMM estimation using Arellano and Bond rsquo s 1991 instrument type. The GMM is applied to account for the possibility of reverse causality and endogeneity. Both estimation methods can weakly support the non linear hypothesis in the relationship between government size and regional economic growth, which illustrates changes in the slope of the coefficient around the threshold value."

"Kabupaten Kolaka dalam 5 tahun terakhir mengalami perlambatan pertumbuhan pada kategori Industri Pengolahan. Pada tahun 2020 terjadi penurunan pertumbuhan mencapai 0,46% di Kabupaten Kolaka. Penurunan pertumbuhan telah dipengaruhi oleh pandemi Covid-19. Salah satu sektor manufaktur yang terdampak di Kabupaten Kolaka adalah industri kecil dan menengah (IKM). Fokus penelitian adalah mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis pemberdayaan industri kecil dan menengah di Kabupaten Kolaka dengan pendekatan endogenous development. Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dan jenis penelitian deskriptif seperti yang dikemukakan Newman (2016). Wawancara dilakukan kepada 21 informan dengan teknik informan penelitian menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat karakteristik endogegenous development dalam pemberdayaan industri kecil dan menengah namun belum sepenuhnya didukung oleh kebijakan pemerintah daerah di Kabupaten Kolaka.

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The Kolaka Regency, in the last 5 years has experienced slowdown in growth in the Processing Industry category. In 2020 there was a decline of growth reaching 0.46% in the Kolaka Regency. The decline of growth has been affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. One of the affected manufacturing sectors in Kolaka Regency is the small and medium industry (SMI). The focus of the research is to describe and analyze the empowerment of small and medium industry in the Kolaka Regency with an endogenous development approach. The approach of the study is the qualitative one, and the type of study according to the purpose of study by Newman (2016) is descriptive research. Interviews were conducted to 21 informants with the research informant technique using purposive sampling. The results of the study show that there are characteristics of endogenous development in the empowerment of small and medium industry but have not been fully supported by local government policies in the Kolaka Regency."

"Economics : principles and policy, teaches the principles of economics, including current economic situations, providing an essential resource for students who want a solid introduction that calls on policy-based information for examples and applications. The business law aspects of business organization are treated only to the extent necessary to understand such matters as the large-size firm or the separation of ownership and control in the large corporation"