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"Persaingan curang merupakan fenomena yang kerap ditemui dalam dunia perdagangan. Konvensi Paris mengatur mengenai persaingan curang dan mewajibkan negara peserta untuk memberikan perlindungan yang efektif terhadap tindakan persaingan curang. Indonesia sebagai negara peserta dari Konvensi Paris belum mengatur persaingan curang secara khusus dan komprehensif dalam undang-undang. Berbeda halnya dengan Korea Selatan yang juga merupakan negara peserta Konvensi Paris mengatur persaingan curang dalam undang-undang yang dinamakan Unfair Competition Prevention Act (“UCPA”). Pengaturan persaingan curang sangat diperlukan untuk memberikan perlindungan kepada pemilik merek terhadap tindakan persaingan curang dalam bidang merek. Melalui penelitian yuridis-normatif, peneliti menganalisis hubungan antara persaingan curang dengan merek, khususnya unsur persaingan curang pada pelanggaran merek. Hasil penelitian menyarankan bahwa perlu dibentuk Undang-Undang Persaingan Curang di Indonesia untuk dapat memberikan perlindungan yang lebih efektif kepada pelaku usaha sebagaimana diamanatkan oleh Konvensi Paris.

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Unfair competition is a phenomenon that is often encountered in the world of trade. Paris Convention regulates unfair competition and requires participating countries to provide effective protection against unfair competition. Indonesia as a participating country of the Paris Convention has not specifically and comprehensively regulated unfair competition in its national law. In contrast, South Korea, which is also a participating country of the Paris Convention, regulates unfair competition in an act called the Unfair Competition Prevention Act (“UCPA”). The regulation of unfair competition is very necessary to provide protection to trademark owners against acts of unfair competition in the field of trademarks. Through juridical-normative research, the researcher analyzes the relationship between unfair competition and trademarks, especially the element of unfair competition in trademark infringement. The results suggest that it is necessary to establish an Unfair Competition Act in Indonesia in order to provide more effective protection to business owners as mandated by the Paris Convention."

"ABSTRAKTidak adanya pengaturan mengenai tindakan-tindakan apa saja yangdisebut sebagai tindakan persaingan curang yang terdapat dalam penjelasanpasal 4 dan masih belum memadainya kriteria merek terkenal dalam pasal 6Undang-Undang No. 15 Tahun 2001 Tentang Merek mengakibatkanmunculnya masalah peniruan merek asing terkenal yang menyebabkankerugian pada pemilik merek asing terkenal tersebut. Bangsa Indonesiatunduk kepada instrumen internasional seperti (The Paris Convention forthe Protection of Industrial Property/Konvensi Paris) dan (Agreement onTrade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, Including Trade inCounterfeit Good/TRIPs). Akan tetapi ketentuan ini memberikankebebasan kepada setiap negara anggota untuk menetapkan dan mengaturketerkenalan suatu merek di negaranya masing-masing. Oleh sebab itu,penentuan keterkenalan suatu merek pada akhirnya tetap diserahkan kepadamajelis hakim. Pada dasarnya perlindungan terhadap merek terkenal bisamenerapkan asas itikad tidak baik kepada pemohon yang mendaftarkanmereknya secara tidak jujur karena membonceng, meniru, atau menjiplakketenaran suatu merek sehingga merugikan pihak lain atau menimbulkankondisi persaingan curang, mengecoh, atau menyesatkan konsumen.Namun, pembuktian adanya itikad tidak baik juga merupakan pekerjaanyang sangat sulit karena harus dikaitkan dengan pembuktian adanyapersamaan pada pokoknya atau keseluruhannya yang dalam undangundangmerek juga belum diatur secara lengkap dan jelas. Selanjutnyapembuktian adanya asas itikad tidak baik juga harus didahului denganpembuktian keterkenalan merek tersebut. Oleh karena itu, harus adaperaturan yang mengatur secara jelas mengenai keterkenalan suatu merekdan mengenai peniruan merek yang mengakibatkan persaingan curang.Sehingga sengketa yang berkaitan dengan peniruan merek terkenal dapatdiselesaikan atau sedapat mungkin dihindari.

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ABSTRACTThe absence of regulation stipulating what actions constituting

unfair competition contained in the explanation of article 4 and the

inadequate criteria of well- known mark which is stipulated in article 6 of

Law Number 15 of 2011 concerning Trademark conduce to arousing a

problem of imitation of foreign well- known mark that causes

disadvantage to the owner of foreign well- known mark. Indonesia is

subject to several international instruments such as (The Paris Convention

for the Protection of Industrial Property/Konvensi Paris) dan (Agreement

on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, Including Trade

in Counterfeit Good/TRIPs). However, this provision gives freedom to

each member state to stipulate and regulate fame of a trademark in their

respective country. Therefore, determining the fame of a trademark

eventually is left to panel of judges. Basically the protection of well-known

mark can apply the principles of bad faith to an applicant who registers

his/her brands dihonestly because of membonceng, imitating, or tracing the

fame of the trademark that cause disadvantage to another party or arousing

condition of unfair competition, deceiving or misleading the consumers.

However proving the existence of bad faith is also a very hard job because

it must be associated with proving the existence of the equation

substantially or wholly which Law on Trademark has not clearly and

completely regulated. Furthermore, proving the bad faith principles must be

preceded by proving the fame of the trademark. Therefore, there must be

clear rules governing the fame of a trademark and the imitation trademark

resulting in unfair competition. So that disputes relating to pemboncengan

well-known marks can be solved or avoided wherever possible."

"Tesis ini membahas mengenai perlindungan hukum merek terkenal atas tindakan dilusi merek terhadap persaingan curang di Indonesia. Penulis mengajukan dua pokok permasalahan: Pertama, mengenai perlindungan merek terkenal atas tindakan dilusi merek terhadap persaingan curang berdasarkan perjanjian internasional dan hukum merek di Amerika Serikat, Uni Eropa, Singapura, dan Indonesia. Sedangkan kedua, mengenai penerapan teori dilusi oleh Hakim dalam pertimbangannya dalam memutus sengketa merek terkenal. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normative dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan metode perbandingan hukum. Perlindungan yang diberikan dalam Undang-Undang No. 20 Tahun 2016 tentang Merek dan Indikasi Geografis dan Peraturan Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia No. 12 Tahun 2021 tentang Pendaftaran Merek belum secara eksplisit mengatur dan memberikan perlindungan merek terkenal atas suatu tindakan dilusi merek terhadap persaingan curang di Indonesia. Disisi lain, Singapore Trademark Act 1998 Chapter 332 as revised 2005 yang telah memberikan perlindungan hukum pada merek terkenal atas tindakan dilusi merek terhadap persaingan curang di Singapura. Namun, jika merujuk dalam pertimbangan Majelis Hakim Pengadilan Niaga pada Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Pusat secara tidak langsung telah menerapkan dan memberikan perlindungan hukum merek terkenal atas tindakan dilusi merek terhadap persaingan curang secara benar. Penulis menyarankan agar perlindungan merek terkenal terhadap dilusi merek dapat dijadikan sebuah ketentuan hukum baru demi memberikan kepastian hukum bagi pemilik merek terkenal.

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This thesis discusses the legal protection of well-known trademarks for trademark dilution against unfair competition in Indonesia. The author proposes two main issues: First, regarding the protection of well-known trademarks for trademark dilution against unfair competition based on International Treaties and Trademark Law in the United States, European Union, Singapore, and Indonesia. While the second is regarding the implementation of dilution theory by the Judge in his consideration in deciding the well-known trademark dispute. By using a normative juridical research method with a statutory approach and a comparative law method. The protection provided in Law No. 20 of 2016 regarding Trademarks and Geographical Indications and The Regulation of Minister of Law and Human Rights No. 12 of 2021 regarding Trademark Registration has not explicitly regulated and provided protection for well-known trademarks for an act of trademark dilution against unfair competition in Indonesia. On the other hand, the Singapore Trademark Act 1998 Chapter 332 as revised in 2005 has provided legal protection for well-known trademarks for trademark dilution against unfair competition in Singapore. However, if referring to the consideration of the Panel of Judges of the Commercial Court at the Central Jakarta District Court, it has indirectly implemented and provided legal protection of well-known trademarks for trademarks dilution against unfair competition correctly. The authors suggest that the protection of well-known trademarks for trademark dilution can be used as a new legal provision to provide legal certainty for the owner of a well-known trademark."

"Contents this book are Introduction to the law of intellectual property and unfair competition -- Interference with precontractual and non-contractual relations -- Interference with contractual relations -- Use of similar trademarks and trade names -- Product substitution or alteration -- Appropriation of publicly disclosed intangible assets -- Appropriation of trade secrets and ideas -- Injurious promotional practices -- Injurious pricing practices."