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"The comparative linguistic is not only dialectal linguistic and historical linguistic, but also the typology of linguistic. This thesis speaks about typology of linguistic. There are fifteen native languages in Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) Province used as sample in this study. By using Greenberg's method - Quantitative Method, the writer classifies the fifteen languages into (1) isolated language and (2) agglutinative language. The first group is Ende-Lio language and the second consists of other fourteen languages.

Besides the Quantitative Method, the writer also uses the Qualitative Method. This Method is used to classify those languages according to their similarity in structures. The analysis concludes that those languages are classified into (1) structured language: verb + person, integrated or not; (2) noun + personal possessive, integrated or not; (3) person + possessive, and (4) those languages whose structures are classified into neither (1), (2), nor (3). While the other languages are classified into the first, second, and third group. Structured-integrated language consists of Ambon-Timor and Papua language groups, while Sumba-Bima is not identified as the group of this type."

"The discovery of “linguistic universals”, the properties that all languages havein common, is a fundamental goal of linguistic research. Linguists face the task of accounting for why languages, which apparently differ so greatly fromone another on the surface, display striking similarities in their underlyingstructure. This volume brings together a team of leading experts to show howdifferent linguistic theories have approached this challenge. Drawing on workfrom both formal and functional perspectives, it provides a comprehensiveoverview of the most notable work on linguistic universals, with chapterson syntax, semantics, phonology, morphology, and typology, and explores arange of central issues, such as the relationship between linguistic universalsand the language faculty, and what linguistic universals can tell us about ourbiological make-up and cognitive abilities. Clear, succinct, and fully up-todate,it will be invaluable to anyone seeking a greater understanding of thephenomenon that is human language."

"Sign languages are of great interest to linguists, because, although they are the product of the same brain, their physical transmission differs greatly from that of spoken languages. In this pioneering and original study, Wendy Sandler and Diane Lillo-Martin compare sign languages with spoken languages, in order to seek the universal properties they share. Drawing on general linguistic theory, they describe and analyze sign language structure, showing linguistic universals in the phonology, morphology, and syntax of sign language, while also revealing non-universal aspects of its structure that must be attributed to its physical transmission system. No prior background in sign language linguistics is assumed, and numerous pictures are provided to make descriptions of signs and facial expressions accessible to readers. Engaging and informative."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pola pikir yang melatarbelakangi penggunaan kalimat suru dan naru yang terdapat di dalam novel Memushiri Kouchi karya Oe Kenzaburo (1958), peraih hadiah nobel bidang kesusastraan tahun 1994. Suru dan naru adalah istilah linguistik yang digunakan oleh Ikegami dalam tipologi bahasa Jepang. Masing-masing difokuskan pada kalimat yang bermakna perbuatan dan kejadian. Di dalam novel yang dikaji, suru dan naru merupakan kalimat yang dituturkan tokoh-tokoh di dalam cerita sebagai respon atas situasi yang muncul di dalam perjalanan kelima belas orang remaja yang diabaikan oleh keluarganya pada akhir Perang Dunia II.Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tuturan berupa kalimat suru dan naru dilatarbelakangi budaya girl terhadap nama bail( dan sikap pasif yang tercakup dalam mentalitas curiae masyarakat Jepang. Hal ini dimaksudkan agar penutur dapat menjaga nama baiknya sekaligus perhatian kepada lawan bicara agar tidak merasa tersinggung.

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ABSTRACT

The focus of this study is to explain the way of thinking behind the use of suru and naru sentences in Memushiri Kouchi, a novel by Oe Kenzaburo - noble prize winner of literature in 1994. Suru and naru are linguistic terms introduced by Ikegami for Japanese language typology which respectively focused on doing and becoming. In this study, suru and naru are utterances of fifteen kids in responding situation occurred during their long journey. They had been abandoned by their own family in the end of World War II.

Analysis result of this study shows that suru and naru utterances are based on Japanese culture called girl by credibility and aurae mentality of Japanese society. These are meant to be a notice for the speaker to keep their credibility stood still, and to avoid humiliation to anyone."