Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Evidence-Based Practice and Intellectual Disabilities responds to the recent increased focus on, and need for, the use of evidence-based practice (EBP) in treating intellectual disabilities. The first book wholly dedicated to addressing EBP specifically in relation to intellectual disabilities Provides clinical guidelines based on the strength of evidence of treatments for a given problematic behavioral topography or disorder Highly relevant to a wide-ranging audience, including professionals working in community services, clinicians and parents and carers "--"Practice and Intellectual Disabilities will be highly relevant to a wide audience, including professionals working in community services, clinicians working in special education schools, residential facilities, and psychiatric hospitals, and parents and organizations involved in the care of individuals with intellectual disabilities"

"This book discusses the latest evidence-based practices and how they can be implemented to address health problems in people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). It offers various intervention and prevention strategies for treating commonly encountered issues in patients with IDD, such as eating and sleeping disorders, repetitive self-harming behaviors, and personal hygiene problems. Primary strategies include encouraging healthful habits, reducing noncompliance and risk-taking behaviors, and direct intervention to promote optimum functioning while reducing discomfort, frustration, and adverse behaviors. In addition, contributors describe training and consultation models to enable readers to work more effectively with practitioners, clinicians, and parents as well as with the patients themselves. Topics featured in this book include: Compliance with medical routines. Increasing and maintaining exercise and other physical activities. Assistive technologies in severe and multiple disabilities. Substance use and health-related issues. Consultation with medical and healthcare providers. Parent training and support. Behavioral Health Promotion and Intervention in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities is a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and graduate students in clinical psychology, behavioral therapy/rehabilitation, social work, public health, and other interrelated fields"

"Summary: Fully revised, this new edition reviews the most up-to-date and clinically relevant information on the mental health and behavioral problems of people with intellectual, developmental and learning disabilities, also previously known as mental retardation. Providing the latest evidence base from the literature and embracing clinical experience, it covers the essential facts and concepts relating to coexisting medical and psychiatric disorders, with new and updated chapters on mental health and epilepsy, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, personality disorders, and mental health problems in people with autism and related disorders. The disorder-based chapters are complemented by chapters on carer and family perspectives, possible future developments and contributions highlighting the principles of assessment, management and services from global and historical perspectives. This is essential hands-on practical advice for psychiatrists, psychologists and all other mental health professionals including nurses, therapists, social workers, managers, service providers and commissioners."

"This book provides a detailed framework for prescribing for this challenging population. Featuring the most up-to-date information on factors that inform prescribing, the Guide addresses basic issues and controversies (e.g., the rift between evidence-based and personalized medicine) in treating adults with cognitive deficits. Clients' specific needs are emphasized in developing appropriate and effective pharmacological intervention for improved outcomes and quality of life. Drugs discussed in the Guide include carbamazepine, clonazepam, diazepam, ethosuximide, felbamate, gabapentin, lacosamide, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, lithium, lorazepam, oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, pregabalin, primidone, rufinamide, tiagabine, topiramate, valproate, and zonisamide. For each of these compounds, the guidelines cover,Indications for use, relative and absolute contraindications.Assessment during treatment, therapeutic drug monitoring, warning signs and symptoms for caretakers.Dosage : administration, initial and maximum recommended dosage, modifications associated with drug-drug interactions, personal characteristics, and (where appropriate) genetic variations.Adverse drug reactions : common, relatively uncommon, and potentially lethal, plus risk of metabolic syndrome."

"Latar belakang: Kecerdasan anak ditentukan nature dan nurture. Pemantauan tumbuh kembang anak penting termasuk kecerdasan. Dengan kecerdasan anak yang tinggi tumbuh kembang optimal anak dapat tercapai. Pengukuran kecerdasan yang banyak digunakan adalah WISC yang dilakukan oleh psikolog yang terlatih. Penyebaran psikolog anak belum tersebar merata di seluruh daerah Indonesia. Karena itu perlu suatu alat tes kecerdasan yang mampu memprediksi kecerdasan yang dapat dilakukan oleh dokter spesialis anak.Tujuan: Memilih metode pengukuran perkembangan kognitif pada anak usia sekolah. Mengetahui karakteristik perkembangan kognitif yang diukur berdasarkan CIID dan WISC. Menilai korelasi antara CIID dengan WISC.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang cross sectional pada anak 6-12 tahun di SDN 03 Menteng Jakarta Pusat pada 30 Maret - 4 Mei 2017. Sampel dipilih secara stratified random sampling dan dilakukan uji WISC dan CIID. Analsis dilakukan dengan korelasi Pearson dan persamaan regresi linier. Karakteristik demografi dianalisis univariat.Hasil: Terdapat 145 subyek terdiri dari laki-laki 66/145 45,5 , perempuan 79/145 54,5 . Hasil uji CIID ST didapatkan 30-95, dengan rerata dan simpang baku 57,96 14.01. Hasil uji WISC IQ total rentang 83-141, dengan rerata dan simpang baku 105,72 10,33. Koefisien korelasi r skor nonverbal CIID dan IQ performa WISC, sebesar 0,352 p < 0,0001 , adapun untuk skor verbal CIID dan IQ verbal WISC, r = 0,409 p < 0,0001 , untuk skor total CIID dan IQ total WISC r = 0,452 p < 0,0001 .Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan moderat dengan pola positif yang signifikan, antara skor nonverbal CIID dengan IQ performa WISC, skor verbal CIID dengan IQ verbal WISC, dan skor total CIID dengan IQ total WISC.

---

Background A child rsquo s intelligence is determined by nature and nurture. The monitoring of child growth and development is substantial including intelligence. The widely utilized intelligence measurement instrument is WISC performed by trained, certified psychologists. The spread of psychologists specializing in children has not spread evenly all across the country. Hence, an alternative yet reliable intelligence measurement instrument is required to predict children rsquo s intelligence performable by pediatricians.Aim To opt a method of measuring cognitive development in school aged children. To determine the characteristics of cognitive development measured according to CIID and WISC. To assess the correlation between CIID and WISC.Method This research is a correlation test research with cross sectional design which was conducted on March 30th, 2017 up to May 4th, 2017 at SDN 03 Menteng, Central Jakarta. All children included in the study were tested using WISC and CIID. Thereafter, all datas acquired were analyzed utilizing Pearson correlation test and linear regression equation in order to determine the correlation between CIID and WISC. The demographic characteristics were analyzed using univariate analysis.Result Analysis was conducted on 145 subjects obtained male 66 145 45.5 , female 79 145 54.5 . The results of the CIID ST test range 30 95, with a mean and SD of 57,96 14.01. Corelation coeffisien for nonverbal CIID and WISC IQ performance was 0,352 p 0,0001 , for verbal CIID and WISC IQ verbal r 0,409 p 0,0001 , for total CIID score and WISC total IQ r 0,452 p 0,0001 .Conclusion There were moderate positive significant correlation between nonverbal CIID and WISC performance IQ, verbal CIID score and WISC verbal IQ and total CIID score and WISC total IQ"

"Disabilitas intelektual merupakan keterbatasan fungsi intelektual dan kemampuan beradaptasi yang dimulai sejak masa kanak yang dapat mengganggu aktivitas sehari-hari. Secara global 1-2% dari seluruh populasi. Di Indonesia, terdapat lima juta anak dengan disabilitas intelektual. Penyakit fisik yang berkomorbiditas dengan disabilitas intelektual akan meningkatkan risiko angka kesakitan sehingga memperberat ketidakmampuan yang dimiliki. Akumulasi stres yang dialami memiliki risiko untuk timbulnya psikopatologi yang akan berdampak pada cara berelasi orang tua dengan anak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berkaitan dengan timbulnya psikopatologi orang tua dengan anak disabilitas intelektual. Penelitian dilaksanakan secara potong lintang dengan metode consecutive sampling. Sampel sebanyak 100 orang tua di Poli Jiwa Anak dan Remaja RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui pengisisian kuesioner secara tatap muka dan media daring menggunakan kuesioner demografis, dan Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) Versi Indonesia. Kuesioner ini menilai 9 domain psikopatologi seperti depresi, ansietas, sensitivitas interpersonal, hostilitas, psikotik, paranoid, fobia dan obsesisf kompulsif dengan nilai cut-off  61. Analisis statistik menggunakan SPSS versi 22.0. Data dianalisis dengan uji bivariat Chi-Square. Gambaran psikopatologi orang tua dengan anak disabilitas intelektual di Poli Jiwa Anak dan Remaja RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo didapatkan bahwa psikopatologi depresi (18,0%), ansietas (15,0%), somatisasi (9%), sensitivitas interpersonal (8%), obsesi kompulsif (4%), paranoid (3%), hostilitas (1%) dan fobia (1%). Pada penelitian ini tidak didapatkan psikopatologi psikotik. Ibu memiliki hubungan bermakna terhadap psikopatologi secara umum (p=0,018). Jenis disabilitas (p=0,027) memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan ansietas. Pendapatan orang tua (p=0,021) berhubungan bermakna dengan somatisasi. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan timbulnya psikopatologi pada orang tua adalah ibu, jenis disabilitas yang dimiliki serta kondisi ekonomi orang tua. Program kesehatan jiwa yang promotif dan preventif seperti pemberian edukasi serta membentuk kelompok dukungan pada orang tua dengan anak disabilitas intelektual diharapkan dapat membantu dalam mengurangi terjadinya psikopatologi pada orang tua.

---

Intellectual disability is a limitation of intellectual function and adaptability that begins in childhood that can interfere with daily activities. Globally 1-2% of the entire population. In Indonesia, there are five million children with intellectual disabilities. Physical illness comorbid with intellectual disability will increase the risk of morbidity so that it aggravates the disability. The accumulated stress experienced has a risk for the emergence of psychopathology which will have an impact on the way parents relate to their children. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the emergence of psychopathology in parents with children with intellectual disabilities. to determine the factors associated with the emergence of psychopathology in parents with children with intellectual disabilities. The study was conducted cross-sectionally with consecutive sampling method. A sample of 100 parents in the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Clinic, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Data were collected by filling out questionnaires face-to-face and online media using a demographic questionnaire, and the Indonesian version of Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90). This questionnaire assessed nine psychopathological domains such as depression, anxiety, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, psychotic, paranoid, phobia, and obsessive-compulsive with a cut-off score of 61. Statistical analysis using SPSS version 22.0. Data were analyzed by Chi-Square bivariate test. In the description of the psychopathology in parents with children with intellectual disabilities at the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Clinic, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo found that the psychopathology of depression (18.0%), anxiety (15.0%), somatization (9%), interpersonal sensitivity (8%), obsessive compulsiveness (4%), paranoia (3%), hostility (1 %) and phobias (1%). In this study, there was no psychotic symptom. Mother had a significant relationship with psychopathology in general (p=0.018). Type of disability (p=0.027) had a significant relationship with anxiety. Parent's income (p=0.021) was significantly related to somatization. Factors related to the emergence of psychopathology in parents are the mother, the type of disability they have, and the economic condition of the parents. Promotive and preventive mental health programs such as providing education and forming support groups for parents with children with intellectual disabilities are expected to help reduce the occurrence of psychopathology in parents."