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"Kemajuan ekonomi Indonesia yang pesat menjadikan Indonesia pasar yang menjanjikan, termasuk bagi negara-negara EFTA yang terletak di wilayah Eropa dan merupakan negara-negara maju. Namun demikian, jarak antar negara dan perbedaan kondisi negara tidak menjadi penghalang kerja sama ekonomi antara Indonesia dan EFTA dalam IE-CEPA. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis motif Indonesia menyetujui IE-CEPA. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, 'website' resmi EFTA dan pemerintah Indonesia, serta studi kepustakaan dari sumber-sumber tertulis lain. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia memiliki motif ekonomi, politik, dan' leverage' dalam IE-CEPA. Motif ekonomi Indonesia mencakup motif memperluas akses pasar ke EFTA dan Uni Eropa melalui EFTA serta menghindari pengalihan perdagangan yang dapat dilakukan oleh EFTA kepada Indonesia. Motif politik Indonesia mencakup memperkuat hubungan damai Indonesia dengan EFTA yang terganjal dengan perbedaan pemikiran dan meningkatkan pengakuan Indonesia di ranah internasional, khususnya oleh EFTA dan mitra-mitranya. Motif 'leverage' Indonesia mencakup menyelenggarakan 'capacity building dan mempertahankan pembelajaran yang diterima dari EFTA serta menciptakan 'precedent' sebagai negara Asia Tenggara ketiga yang bekerja sama dengan EFTA.

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Indonesia`s rapid economic progress has made Indonesia a promising market, including for EFTA countries, which are developed countries and located in Europe. However, barriers which include the distance between countries and the differences in state conditions do not stop the economic cooperation between Indonesia and EFTA in IE-CEPA. The purpose of this study is to analyze Indonesia`s motives in approving IE-CEPA. This study uses qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, EFTA and Indonesian government official websites, as well as literature studies from other written sources. The results of the study indicate that Indonesia has economic, political, and leverage motives in IE-CEPA. Indonesia`s economic motives include the motive for expanding market access to EFTA and the European Union through EFTA, as well as avoiding trade diversion that can be carried out by EFTA to Indonesia. Indonesia`s political motives include strengthening Indonesia`s relations with EFTA in peace which is hampered by the differences of mind and enhancing Indonesia`s recognition in the international sphere, especially by EFTA and its partners. The leverage motives of Indonesia are carrying out capacity building and maintaining the process received by EFTA, as well as creating precedent as the third Southeast Asian country in FTA cooperation with EFTA."

"Sejak tahun 2000-an, proliferasi FTA pun bermunculan yang dibentuk oleh berbagai negara di dunia. Banyaknya FTA bilateral yang terbentuk pun bervariasi, tidak hanya antar negara maju, tetapi juga antara negara maju dan berkembang. Berbagai literatur menunjukkan bahwa terdapat konsekuensi secara ekonomi yang dihadapi oleh negara berkembang di dalam membentuk FTA dengan negara maju. Meskipun demikian, Vietnam sebagai negara berkembang bersepakat untuk melakukan FTA Bilateral dengan EU sebagai negara maju. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, studi ini menganalisis faktor internasional dan domestik yang mendorong pembentukan EVFTA dari sudut pandang Vietnam. Melalui teori competitive regionalism oleh Solis dan Katada dan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode studi kasus tunggal, penelitian ini menunjukkan bagaimana Vietnam membentuk EVFTA sebagai tindakan yang strategis di dalam skenario kompetisi yang diinisiasi oleh tindakan awal kompetitor, yaitu Tiongkok. Terlebih lagi, tulisan ini juga menguraikan elemen multidimensional seperti ekonomi, politik, dan legal, yang memotivasi Vietnam untuk membentuk FTA bilateral dengan EU. Melalui penelitian ini, tampak bahwa Vietnam membentuk EVFTA tidak hanya sebagai instrumen ekonomi, tetapi juga instrumen politik. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, tulisan ini berkontribusi dalam pembahasan motivasi politik di dalam suatu pembentukan kebijakan ekonomi, sekaligus memperkaya literatur tentang hubungan kerja sama antara Vietnam dan EU.

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Since the 2000s, the proliferation of FTAs ​​has emerged, followed by various countries in the world. The number of bilateral FTAs ​​formed also varies, not only among developed countries, but also between developed and developing countries. Various literatures show that there are economic consequences faced by developing countries in forming FTAs ​​with developed countries. Nevertheless, Vietnam as a developing country agreed to carry out a Bilateral FTA with the EU as a developed country. Based on this background, this study analyzes the international and domestic factors that drive the establishment of EVFTA from Vietnam's point of view. Using theory of competitive regionalism by Solis and Katada and a qualitative approach with single case study method, this paper shows how Vietnam formed EVFTA as a strategic action in a competition scenario initiated by the competitor's initial action, namely China. Moreover, this paper also describes multidimensional elements; economic, political, and legal, which motivated Vietnam to form a bilateral FTA with the EU. Through this research, it appears that Vietnam formed EVFTA not only as an economic instrument, but also a political instrument. Based on these findings, this paper contributes to the discussion of political motivations in the formation of economic policy, as well as enriches the literature on the relationship between Vietnam and the EU."

"[ABSTRAK Setelah bergabung dengan UE, ekonomi negara-negara Visegrad semakin terbuka dan mengalami peningkatanPDB. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kebijakan liberalisasi perdagangan, yang telah diterapkan sejak negara-negaraVisegrad masih dalam tahap persiapan keanggotaan UE. Kebijakan liberalisasi perdagangan yang diterapkanberupa peningkatan kuota, penghapusan bea, dan kemudahan dalam regulasi pada barang impor. Di pihak lain,UE juga memperoleh keuntungan dengan bergabungnya negara-negara Visegrad karena pangsa pasar UEsemakin luas.ABSTRACT Having joined the Euopean Union, the economy of the Visegrad countries become more open and get the

increase of the GDP. This is due to the trade liberalization policy, which has been applied since the Visegrad

countries were still in the preparation stage of the EU membership. The trade liberalization policy that was

implemented is in the form of the quota increase, the elimination of the duties, and the ease in the regulations on

the imported goods. On the other hand, the EU also get the benefit by joining the Visegrad countries because the

EU?s market share more expand;Having joined the Euopean Union, the economy of the Visegrad countries become more open and get the

increase of the GDP. This is due to the trade liberalization policy, which has been applied since the Visegrad

countries were still in the preparation stage of the EU membership. The trade liberalization policy that was

implemented is in the form of the quota increase, the elimination of the duties, and the ease in the regulations on

the imported goods. On the other hand, the EU also get the benefit by joining the Visegrad countries because the

EU?s market share more expand, Having joined the Euopean Union, the economy of the Visegrad countries become more open and get the

increase of the GDP. This is due to the trade liberalization policy, which has been applied since the Visegrad

countries were still in the preparation stage of the EU membership. The trade liberalization policy that was

implemented is in the form of the quota increase, the elimination of the duties, and the ease in the regulations on

the imported goods. On the other hand, the EU also get the benefit by joining the Visegrad countries because the

EU’s market share more expand]"