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"Medical emergencies and resuscitation in the dental practice : an overviewResuscitation equipment in the dental practiceRecognition of the sick patient : the ABCDE approachRespiratory disordersCardiac disordersNeurological disordersEndocrine disordersAnaphylaxisCardiopulmonary resuscitation in the dental practiceAirway management and ventilationAutomated external defibrillationPaediatric emergenciesProfessional and legal issues /​ Richard Griffith."

"Puskesmas merupakan fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan penyelenggara upaya kesehatan masyarakat dan upaya kesehatan perorangan tingkat pertama yang mengutamakan upaya promotif dan preventif untuk mencapai derajat kesehatan masyarakat. Dilihat dari jumlah kematian ibu selama kurun waktu tiga tahun dari tahun 2012-2014 terus meningkat, diperlukan penelitian mengenai factor penentu pemanfaatan puskesmas PONED di Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini mengambil lokasi di 22 puskesmas di Kabupaten Bogor yang merupakan puskesmas PONED. Variabel yang diteliti antara lain : pengetahuan mengenai puskesmas PONED, keyakinan, waktu tempuh, sarana transportasi dan perilaku petugas kesehatan. Rancangan penelitian ini dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Data yang dipergunakan data sekunder hasil pendataan puskesmas PONED di Kabupaten Bogor oleh Dinas Kesehatan Propinsi Jawa Barat bulan Juni -Juli 2014.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel pengetahuan, keyakinan responden, waktu tempuh dan sarana transportasi tidak berhubungan bermakna dengan pemanfaatan puskesmas PONED, sedangkan perilaku petugas merupakan factor yang paling bermakna terhadap pemanfaatan puskesmas PONED di Kabupaten Bogor. Dari kelima variabel yang diteliti ternyata setelah diuji multivariate variabel yang paling menentukan terhadap tingginya pemanfaatan puskesmas PONED adalah perilaku petugas kesehatan di puskesmas. Factor lainnya yang mendukung pemanfaatan pelayanan adalah SDM, sarana prasarana dan juga pemantauan oleh dinas dan organisasi profesi. Masih diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut agar dapat menggali informasi tentang pemanfaatan puskesmas, disamping itu juga diperlukan sosialisasi, promosi serta perencanaan kebutuhan Puskesmas yang tepat yang pada akhirnya dapat meningkatkan pemanfaatan layanan kesehatan ibu di puskesmas PONED.

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Public Health Center is an organizer of health care facilities and public health efforts first level individual health efforts that prioritize promotive and preventive efforts to achieve a degree of public health. Judging from the number of maternal deaths over a period of three years from 2012-2014 continued to increase, research is needed on the use of health centers PONED determinant factor in Bogor. This study took place in 22 health centers in the district of Bogor which is PONED health centers. Variables examined include: knowledge of the health center PONED, belief, travel time, transport and behavior of health workers. The design of this study with cross sectional approach. The data used secondary data collection results PONED health centers in the district of Bogor in West Java Provincial Health Office in June -July 2014.

The results showed a variable knowledge, confidence of respondents, travel time and transportation facilities are not significantly associated with the utilization of health center PONED, while the officer's behavior is the most significant factor for the utilization of health center PONED in Bogor. Of the five variables studied turned out after multivariate test variables most decisive for the high utilization of health centers is PONED behavior of health workers in health centers. Other factors that support the use of the service is human resources, infrastructure, and also monitoring by agencies and professional organizations. Further research is still needed in order to gather information about the use of community health centers, and also it is necessary dissemination, promotion and planning needs proper health centers, which in turn can improve the utilization of maternal health services in health centers PONED."

"Kantong stoma standar memiliki harga yang tidak bisa dijangkau oleh ostomate dengan tingkat ekonomi rendah sehingga diperlukannya alternatif lain dengan fungsi yang sama dan iritasi kulit yang minimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisa efektifitas penggunaan skin barier batok kelapa dengan kantong stoma standar terhadap cost effectiveness dan iritasi kulit peristoma. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan RCT (randomized control trial) dengan metode pengumpulan sampel secara consecutive sampling; cross over design. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan randomisasi blok dan single blind. Sampel dalam penelitan ini adalah penyandang stoma yang berada di wilayah Palembang dengan jumlah 8 orang. Cost effectiveness diukur berdasarkan jumlah kali ganti dan harga ganti sedangkan iritasi kulit peristoma dinilai berdasarkan hiperemia yang terjadi menggunakan The SACS Instrument pada hari 0, 3 dan 7. Hasil penelitian menggunakan paired t-test didapatkan perbedaan cost effectiveness (jumlah kali ganti) antara masing-masing kelompok, tidak terdapat perbedaan cost effectiveness (harga ganti) masing-masing kelompok. Hasil analisis menggunakan Mc Nemar didapatkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan iritasi kulit peristoma pada masing-masing kelompok (p=0,072). Dalam jumlah kali ganti, penggunaan kantong stoma standar jauh lebih efektif dalam waktu dan tenaga dibandingkan kantong stoma standar. Hasil penelitian ini juga mendapatkan perbedaan kejadian iritasi kulit peristoma antara batok kelapa dan kantong standar sama besarnya. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan mengenai tingkat kecembungan batok kelapa yang paling efektif sebagai skin barier, lama waktu penggunaan batok kelapa dan berapa ketebalan batok kelapa yang paling efektif sebagai skin barier. Serta perlu adanya penggabungan teknologi tepat guna dalam pengembangan batok kelapa sebagai skin barier.

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Standardize stoma bags has a prices that wasn't affordable by poor ostomates, and another alternatif tool had a similarity in used it of and functions with low risk for peristomal skin irritation was needed. This research is aimed to analyze the effectiveness of coconut shell skin barrier and stoma bag for cost effectiveness and peristomal skin irritation to the colorectal cancer patient.

RCT was used in this research with cross over design approach and 8 ostomates was joined which is lives in Palembang region. Block randomization and single blind was used for sampling technique. The cost effectiveness was measured by the changes of frequency on number and price between the group and The SACS Instrumens was used to measured the peristomal skin irritation at 0, 3 and 7 days.

The results was used paired t-test that there were differences of cost effectiveness (account) and no differences of cost effectiveness (prices) between group. The result of McNemar test showed that there were no differences between group in peristomal skin irritation (p=0,072). Stoma bag was cost effectifeness (the changes of frequency on number) in time and effort better than coconut shell as a skin barrier.

This research found that there were no diferences of incidence in peristomal skin irritation between the groups. Need another continuity about the efficacy in convexity of coconut shell, how long the coconut shell could use as a skin barier and the efficacy in tight of coconut shell. And need the compounding of appropriate technology in develop of coconut shell as a skin barrier."