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"There are so many definition of coporate social responsibility (CSR) even though CSR just become hot issue in the recent years. Literature overview on CSR indicates that this concept of CSR is quite dynamic...."

"Originally, the concept of CSR was come from business ethic values that impose corporation's ethical responsibility to their social dan natural environment. That development of ethical business was part of social consciousness on the degradation of environment as impact of corporation activities. This reality also raised the deep environmental ethic or deep ecology which challenge anthropocentrism economical development and urged ecocentrism development. In Indonesia, this phenomenon was marked by the enactment of Act 4/1982 on environmental management. The constitutional debate on CSR just began when the Indonesian Constitutional court heard and decided the judicial review case of Act 40/2007 on limited liability company which stipulate CSR mandatory law for corporation that have activity in natural resources areas. In its decision, Constitutional Court refused the petition. This means that court affirmed that CSR mandatory law is not contrary to the constitution. However, the legal argumentation of the court was not shifted from economical and environmental perspectives. The constitutional basic of the decision is article 33 (4) concerning national economic principles and article 33 (3) concerning state power on land, water, and natural resources. The constitutional court did not use the human rights concept as the source of CSR mandatory law. "

"India's increasing population has attracted a host of multinational corporations (MNCs) to enter the country to tap its market. Because of their enthusiasm and the favorable market conditions, these MNCs get carried away and sometimes regulations are flouted. The absence of clear regulations leads to problems when government agencies find fault with MNCs products."

"Definisi CSR sejatinya telah diuraikan semenjak tahun 1950-an. Semanjak itu definisi CSR berkembang luas di kalangan bisnis. Namun demikian katan$an akademisi dan pendidikan memandans perlu untuk metakukan kajian ilmiah terhadap CSR karena terlihat bahwa CSR sefaagar suatu konsep berkembang luas yang berdampak pada kepentingan stakeholder perusahaan, dalam hal ini masyarakat umum,"

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pengungkapan corporate social responsibility (CSR) terhadap biaya utang yang diukur melalui yield spread. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel perusahaan publik di Indonesia yang menerbitkan obligasi dalam rentang tahun 2011-2015. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengungkapan CSR berpengaruh negatif terhadap yield spread sebagai proksi biaya utang. Hal ini disebabkan karena informasi mengenai aktivitas CSR dapat mengurangi adanya informasi asimetri, terutama bagi investor publik. Pengungkapan CSR memungkinkan investor untuk dapat menilai perusahaan dengan lebih baik sehingga imbal hasil yang diminta oleh investor dapat menjadi semakin rendah.

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The aim of this research is to analyze the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure on cost of debt as measured by bond yield spread. Sample of this research are firms that issued bonds during the year of 2011-2015. The result of this study indicates that CSR disclosure has negative impact on yield spread. Informations regarding the firms’ CSR activities are believed to reduce asymmetric information, mainly for public investors. Such CSR disclosure could enhance investors’ assessment of the firms and therefore they may require lower yield."

"ABSTRACTThis research is motivated by the SATRIA CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) Forum in Banyumas Regency which involves various parties such as local governments, companies, academics, NGOs, and mass media that collaborate in supporting regional development through CSR. Therefore, this paper aims to describe in-depth the governance of the SATRIA CSR Forum in Banyumas Regency in the perspective of collaborative governance. This research uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The research location was in Banyumas Regency, with the target of the research consisting of government elements, private elements, mass media elements, NGOs, the community, and academics. The selection of informants was carried out using purposive sampling and snowball sampling techniques. The data analysis method used is the interactive analysis. The results found that the existence of internal and external dialogue was good initial progress in the governance of the SATRIA CSR Forum. Even so, there are still some aspects of CSR Forum governance that have not been maximized, such as stakeholder's commitment and the business community's understanding of CSR regulations. Therefore, efforts are needed to get the business community involved in the SATRIA CSR Forum. In this case, the role of local government is one of the keys for the business world to be involved, including by providing understanding to the business community regarding CSR regulations. The results of this study contribute to an understanding of the implementation of collaborative approaches in the context of CSR programs at the local level."