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"With growing fast technology and society strong driven are to give a contribution of environment pushed need for sustainability implementation....."

"There are so many definition of coporate social responsibility (CSR) even though CSR just become hot issue in the recent years. Literature overview on CSR indicates that this concept of CSR is quite dynamic...."

"The paper examines the hypothesis that "The disciplining of management by investor governance of corporations promotes an active role for women in the corporation...."

"From the point of view of both the significance of women's participation in society and also corporate business strategy and social responsibility, it is important to know the effects of famale employment on the corporate profits and the mechanism that links the proportion of female workers and corporate performance...."

"India's increasing population has attracted a host of multinational corporations (MNCs) to enter the country to tap its market. Because of their enthusiasm and the favorable market conditions, these MNCs get carried away and sometimes regulations are flouted. The absence of clear regulations leads to problems when government agencies find fault with MNCs products."

"ABSTRAKPerusahaan rintisan adalah organisasi pada fasa awal dan berada pada tahap pengembangan. Karakteristik dan stategi berbeda dengan perusahaan yang terlah lama berdiri. Metode penelitian menggunakan wawancara kualitatif, AHP (Analytical Hirerarchy Process) pemanfaatan sosial media untuk meningkatkan pangsa pasar perusahaan rintisan. Objek penelitian ini adalah perusahaan rintisan pada bidang kedai kopi Indonesia. Hal menarik pada setiap kedai kopi ada pada proses pemilihan biji kopi, pemanggangan, dan penyeduhan sehingga membuat karakteristiknya berbeda. Pemilik Usaha rintisan kedai kopi memiliki karakter (visi, misi, pengetahuan, pengalaman, dll) merupakan faktor keberhasilan terpenting yang harus dimiliki oleh pemilik usaha yang didapatkan berdasarkan hasil perhitungan AHP. Hal ini dikarenakan pemilik merupakan orang yang akan mengarahkan karyawan dalam menjalankan bisnisnya. Strategi yang paling banyak digunakan adalah tipe strategi intensif dan diversifikasi. Strategi penetrasi pasar dan pengembangan produk merupakan strategi yang paling diunggulkan oleh pemilik Kedai kopi.

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ABSTRACTStartup companies are organizations in the initial phase and are at the development stage. Characteristics and strategies differ from companies that have long been established. The research method used qualitative interviews, AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) to use social media to increase the market share of startups. The object of this research is a pilot company in the field of Indonesian coffee shops. Interesting things at each coffee shop are in the process of selecting coffee beans, roasting and brewing so that they make different characteristics. The owner of the coffee shop has character (vision, mission, knowledge, experience, etc.) is the most important success factor that must be owned by the business owner obtained based on the results of AHP calculations. This is because the owner is a person who will direct employees in running their business. The most widely used strategy is the type of intensive and diversified strategy. The strategy of market penetration and product development is the most favored strategy by the owner of the Coffee Shop."

"Despite the long history of corporate social responsibility (CSR) research, few studies have focused on CSR activities related to business partners in supply chains. In this regard, we investigate whether internal (or backward) CSR enhances firm value. Using an index from the Korea Commission for Corporate Partnership, which indicates whether a firm shares its profits with business partner companies, we find that firm value increases as this backward CSR increases. Further, after controlling for internal CSR, firms engaged only in external CSR have lower firm value than non-CSR firms. Interestingly, we find that firms involved in both internal and external CSR have higher value. Overall, by showing that internal CSR is a core activity that enhances firm value, our study provides policy implications for the regulatory bodies of different countries."

"Originally, the concept of CSR was come from business ethic values that impose corporation's ethical responsibility to their social dan natural environment. That development of ethical business was part of social consciousness on the degradation of environment as impact of corporation activities. This reality also raised the deep environmental ethic or deep ecology which challenge anthropocentrism economical development and urged ecocentrism development. In Indonesia, this phenomenon was marked by the enactment of Act 4/1982 on environmental management. The constitutional debate on CSR just began when the Indonesian Constitutional court heard and decided the judicial review case of Act 40/2007 on limited liability company which stipulate CSR mandatory law for corporation that have activity in natural resources areas. In its decision, Constitutional Court refused the petition. This means that court affirmed that CSR mandatory law is not contrary to the constitution. However, the legal argumentation of the court was not shifted from economical and environmental perspectives. The constitutional basic of the decision is article 33 (4) concerning national economic principles and article 33 (3) concerning state power on land, water, and natural resources. The constitutional court did not use the human rights concept as the source of CSR mandatory law. "