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"Latar Belakang; Karsinoma leher rahim (KLR) menduduki urutan pertama di antara semua penyakit kanker terbanyak di Indonesia. KLR menjadi penyebab mortalitas terbanyak akibat kanker pada wanita. Kemoradioterapi dalam pengobatan kanker, mempunyai efek samping yang bermakna. Penatalaksanaan yang efektif untuk kanker termasuk bertambahnya perhatian pada faktor psikologis dengan penilaian depresi yang tepat, dapat meningkatkan angka kesembuhan dan harapan hidup.Obyektif: Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh kemoradioterapi terhadap peningkatan frekuensi dan derajat gangguan depresi pada pasien KLR yang menjalani kemoradioterapi, seta faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan terjadinya gangguan depresi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di RS Dr. Ciptomangunkusumo, antara bulan Desember 2005 - Juli 2006.Metode: Penelitian merupakan studi the one group pretest-posttest design. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara consecutive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan SLID-1 (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis 1 disorders) versi bahasa Indonesia dan Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRS-D). Analisis data statistik menggunakan program SPSS versi 11,5.Hasil: Derajat depresi dari rerata HRS-D 18,68 sebelum kemoradioterapi, meningkat menjadi rerata HRS-D 22,69 sesudah kemoradioterapi. Subyek yang bekerja mempunyai peluang menderita depresi 0,17 kali dibandingkan yang tidak bekerja pada saat sebelum kemoradioterapi. Gangguan depresi sebelum kemoradioterapi ditemukan pada 26 subyek (65%). Sesudah kemoradioterapi, subyek yang menderita gangguan depresi ada 26 subyek terdiri dari 19 subyek yang sebelumnya depresi dan 7 orang yang sebelumnya tidak depresi, sedangkan 7 orang yang sebelumnya depresi menjadi tidak ditemukan depresi lagi.Simpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini didapatkan peningkatan derajat gangguan depresi pada pasien karsinoma leher rahim yang sebelum kemoradioterapi telah menderita gangguan depresi. Hal menarik yang didapatkan dalam penelitian ini adalah ditemukannya 7 subyek yang menjadi tidak depresi setelah dilakukan kemoradioterapi. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengetahui respons tubuh subyek terhadap kemoradioterapi yang telah dilakukan. Diperlukan penelitian tentang dampak psikologis untuk pasien yang menjalani kemoradioterapi. Sampel yang lebih bervariasi dalam pendidikan dan penghasilan perlu dipertimbangkan

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Background: Cervical cancer is the most common cancer In Indonesia. Cervical cancer is the most frequent cause of cancer mortality in women. Chemaradiotherapy of cancer treatment has significant adverse effect. Effective cancer management; including enhanced attention on psychological factors through appropriate evaluation of depression, may increase patient?s cure and survival rate.

Objectives: The objectives of this study are to know the effect of chemoradiotherapy on increased depression frequency and severity in patients with cervical cancer who have been treated by chemoradiotherapy, and factors related to depression disorder. This study was conducted at Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital in the period of December 2005 -- July 2006.

Methods: This study used one group pretest-posttest design. The samples were taken by consecutive sampling. Instrument utilized was SCID-1 (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis 1 disorders) in Indonesian language version and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRS-D), Analysis of statistic data was using SPSS program version 11, 5.

Results: Depression seventy of HRS-D mean value was 18.68 before chemoradiotherapy, increased to HRS-D 22.69 after chemoradiotherapy. The Working subjects have 0.17 times possibility to have depression compared to the Non-working subjects before chemoradiotherapy period. Depression disorders before chemoradiotherapy were found in 26 subjects (65%). After chemoradiotherapy, Mere were 26 subjects with depression disorder, i.e. 19 subjects who had previous depression, and 7 subjects without any previous depression. There were 7 subjects who had previous depression and turned to have no depression anymore.

Conclusions: Based on the result of this study, there is increased depression severity in patients with cervical cancer who already had depression disorder before chemoradiotherapy. It is interesting that in this study, there is 7 subjects who have not carried out depression after their chemoradiotherapy treatment. We need further study to recognize the subject's response to chemoradiotherapy and further study on psychological impact in patients who undertake chemoradiotherapy. Further sample with more variation in education and income should be considered."

"Latar Belakang: Karsinoma leher rahim (KLR) menduduki urutan pertama di antara semua penyakit kanker terbanyak di Indonesia. KLR menjadi penyebab mortalitas terbanyak akibat kanker pada wanita. Kemoradioterapi dalam pengobatan kanker, mempunyai efek samping yang bermakna. Penatalaksanaan yang efektif untuk kanker termasuk bertambahnya perhatian pada faktor psikologis dengan penilaian depresi yang tepat, dapat meningkatkan angka kesembuhan dan harapan hidup.Obyektif: Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh kemoradioterapi terhadap peningkatan frekuensi dan derajat gangguan depresi pada pasien KLR yang menjalani kemoradioterapi, serta faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan terjadinya gangguan depresi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di RS Dr. Ciptomangunkusumo, antara bulan Desember 2005 - Juli 2006.Metode: Penelitian merupakan studi the one group pretest-posttest design. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara consecutive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan SCID-1 (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM--IV Axis 1 disorders) versi bahasa Indonesia dan Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRS-D). Analisis data statistik menggunakan program SPSS versi 11,5.Hasil: Derajat depresi dari rerata HRS-D 18,68 sebelum kemoradioterapi, meningkat menjadi rerata HRS-D 22,69 sesudah kemoradioterapi. Subyek yang bekerja mempunyai peluang menderita depresi 0,17 kali dibandingkan yang tidak bekerja pada saat sebelum kemoradioterapi. Gangguan depresi sebelum kemoradioterapi ditemukan pada 26 subyek (65%). Sesudah kemoradioterapi, subyek yang menderita gangguan depresi ada 26 subyek terdiri dari 19 subyek yang sebelumnya depresi dan 7 orang yang sebelumnya tidak depresi sedangkan 7 orang yang sebelumnya depresi menjadi tidak ditemukan depresi lagi.Simpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini didapatkan peningkatan derajat gangguan depresi pada pasien karsinoma leher rahim yang sebelum kemoradioterapi telah menderita gangguan depresi. Hal menarik yang didapatkan dalam penelitian ini adalah ditemukannya 7 subyek yang menjadi tidak depresi setelah dilakukan kemoradioterapi. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengetahui respons tubuh subyek terhadap kemoradioterapi yang telah dilakukan. Diperlukan penelitian tentang dampak psikologis untuk pasien yang menjalani kemoradioterapi. Sampel yang lebih bervariasi dalam pendidikan dan penghasilan perlu dipertimbangkan.

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Background: Cervical cancer is the most common cancer in Indonesia. Cervical cancer is the most frequent cause of cancer mortality in women. Chemo radiotherapy of cancer treatment has significant adverse effect. Effective cancer management, including enhanced attention on psychological factors through appropriate evaluation of depression, may increase patients' cure and survival rate.

Objectives: The objectives of this study are to know the effect of chemo radiotherapy on Increased depression frequency and severity in patients with cervical cancer who have been treated by chemo radiotherapy, and factors related to depression disorder. This study was conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in the period of December 2005 - July 2006.

Methods: This study used one group pretest posttest design. The samples were taken by consecutive sampling. Instrument utilized was SCID-1 (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM 1V Axis 1 disorders) in Indonesian language version and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRS-D). Analysis of statistic data was using SPSS program version 11.5.

Results: Depression severity of HRS-D mean value was 18.68 before chemo radiotherapy, increased to HAS-D 22.69 after chemo radiotherapy. The working subjects have 0.17 times possibility to have depression compared to the non-working subjects before chemo radiotherapy period. Depression disorders before chemo radiotherapy were found in 26 subjects (65%). After chemo radiotherapy, there were 26 subjects with depression disorder, i.e. 19 subjects who had previous depression, and 7 subjects without any previous depression. There were 7 subjects who had previous depression and turned to have no depression anymore.

Conclusions: Based on the result of this study, there is increased depression severity in patients with cervical cancer who already had depression disorder before chemo radiotherapy. It is interesting that in this study, there is 7 subjects who have not carried out depression after their chemo radiotherapy treatment. We need further study to recognize the subject's response to chemo radiotherapy and further study on psychological impact in patients who undertake chemo radiotherapy. Further sample with more variation in education and income should be considered."

"Depresi merupakan masalah utama pada lansia, dan prevalensi di Indonesia sebesar 30-45% (Dharmono, 2008). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi kelompok reminiscence terhadap depresi, harga diri rendah, ketidakberdayaan, keputusasaan, dan isolasi sosial pada lansia di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Budi Sejahtera Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kondisi depresi, harga diri rendah, ketidakberdayaan, keputusasaan, dan isolasi sosial pada lansia yang mendapat terapi kelompok reminiscence menurun bermakna, sedangkan lnsia yang tidak mendapat terapi meurun tidak bermakna. Reminiscence direkomendasikan pada lansia depresi dengan diagnosa keperawatan harga diri rendah, ketidakberdayaan, keputusasaan, dan isolasi sosial.

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Depression is a major problem in the elderly, and prevelance in Indonesia is around 30-45% (Dharmono, 2008). This study aims to determine effect of reminiscence group therapy for depression, low self esteem, powerlessness, hoplessness and social isolation of elderly in social hostels Tresna Werdha Budi Sejahtera od south Kalimantan province.The result showed the condition of depression, low self esteem, powerlessness, hoplessness and social isolation of elderly any significant difference in decline in among the elderly people who receive the reminiscence group therapy but not significantly decreased, who receive and do not get a reminiscence group therapy. Reminiscence recommended in elderly nursing diagnosis of depression self esteem, powerlessness, hoplessness and social isolation of elderly."

"Cognitive Therapy CT merupakan psikoterapi yang bisa diberikan pada remaja yangmengalami depresi Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh Cognitive Therapy CT terhadap pikiran otomatis negatif dan depresi remaja dengan NAPZA di LP KlasIIA Anak Pria Desain penelitian menggunakan quasi experiment pre and post testdesign without control group Responden adalah 36 remaja dengan NAPZA yangmengalami depresi Cognitive Therapy diberikan 3 kali pertemuan Data dianalisismenggunakan dependent t test paired t test dan correlation Hasil penelitiandidapatkan pikiran otomatis negatif atau Automatic Thought AT yang terdiri dariPMDC NSNE LSE dan Helplessness remaja depresi dengan NAPZA mengalamipenurunan setelah diberikan Cognitive Therapy CT dengan nilai p 0 000 CognitiveTherapy CT dapat menurunkan depresi remaja dengan kasus NAPZA dengan nilai p0 000 penurunan pikiran otomatis negatif berhubungan kuat secara positif terhadappenurunan depresi dengan nilai p 0 000 Rekomendasi penelitian ini adalah CognitiveTherapy CT dapat diberikan untuk menurunkan depresi remaja dengan kasusNAPZA

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Cognitive Therapy CT is a psychotherapy that can be given to adolescents withdepression Research objective is to know the effect of Cognitive Therapy CT to thenegative automatic thoughts and depression in adolescents with drug abuse at boysprisons Quasi experiment research design using pre and post test design withoutcontrol group Respondents were 36 adolescents depressed with drug abuse CognitiveTherapy administered 3 times meeting Data were analyzed using dependent t test paired t test and correlation The results shown that the negative automatic thoughtsor Automatic Thought AT consisting of PMDC NSNE LSE and helplessnessdepressed adolescents with drug abuse decreased after given Cognitive Therapy CT with a p value of 0 000 Cognitive Therapy CT can reduce adolescent depressionwith drug abuse with p value 0 000 negative automatic thoughts decreased stronglypositively related to the decrease in depression with p value 0 000 Recommendationsof this research is Cognitive Therapy CT can be given to reduce adolescentdepression with drug abuse "

"Gangguan mental emosional dapat terjadi pada individu yang mengalami kondisi kesehatan yang kronis. Pasien yang sedang menjalani pengobatan medis ditemukan 25% diantaranya mengalami depresi dengan berbagai variasinya. Proses penyakit yang melemahkan juga merupakan hal yang berperan menyebabkan ketidakberdayaan klien dengan penyakit kronis. Ketidakberdayaan dan gejala depresi menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan dan positif dengan ide untuk bunuh diri. Hasil pemberian tindakan keperawatan ners, terapi kognitif, psikoedukasi keluarga dan terapi suportif dapat menurunkan tanda gejala dan meningkatkan kemampuan klien penyakit kronis dengan ketidakberdayaan beserta keluarganya. Perlunya optimalisasi dan pengembangan pelayanan kesehatan jiwa kepada klien dengan masalah psikososial terkhusus klien dengan ketidakberdayaan di tatanan pelayanan puskesmas.

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Mental emotional disorder can occur in individuals with chronic illness. Patients who are undergoing medical treatment was found 25% had depression with different variations. Debilitating disease process also plays the lead powerlessness clients with chronic illness. Hopelessness and depression symptoms showed a significant and positive relationship with the idea of suicide.

Ners intervention, cognitive therapy, family psychoeducation and supportive therapy can reduce signs and symptoms, increase ability of clients chronic illness with hopelessness and their families. Optimization and development of mental health services needs to clients with psychosocial problems especially those of client with hopelessness in the primary health care center."

"Infertilitas merupakan masalah yang cukup berat bagi pasangan suami istri karena mempunyai keturunan merupakan harapan yang paling mendasar ketika mereka memutuskan untuk melangsungkan pernikahan. Berbagai respons psikologis akan dialami oleh pasangan suami istri ketika menghadapi masalah infertilitas, seperti rasa kecewa, camas, sedih, perasaan iri melihat pasangan lain mempunyai anak, marah dan depresi. Ketika mereka rnemutuskan mencari pertolongan medis, sering kali mereka akan nengalami kegagalan terapi yang berulang. Hal-hal tersebut mengakibatkan pasangan suami istri dengan masalah infertilitas mempunyai risiko yang tinggi mengalami gangguan depresi dan diduga istri akan mengalami gangguan depresi lebih berat dibandingkan suami.Tujuan penelitian ini ingin membuktikan bahwa derajat depresi pada istri lebih tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan suami pada pasutri dengan masalah infertilitas, mencari proporsi depresi, serta faktor-faktor risiko yang mungkin berperan terhadap terjadinya gangguan depresi pada pasutri dengan masalah infertilitas.Jumlah subyek penelitian sebanyak 46 pasang suami istri.diambil di Poliklinik Kebidanan Departemen Obstetri Ginekologi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Indonesia. Instrumen yang digunakan SCID-I, HRS-D, kuesioner stresor psikososial dari Holmes and Rache.Hasil analisis data mendapatkan derajat depresi pada istri lebih tinggi secara bemakna dibandingkan dengan suami, jadi hipotesis penelitian ini diterima. Proporsi depresi pada suami 15,2% dan pada istri 43,5%. Diagnosis gangguan depresi yang dialami oleh suami: episode gangguan depresi berat saat uti 8,7%, gangguan depresi minor 6,5% dan pada istri episode gangguan depresi berat saat ini 32,6% gangguan depresi minor 10,9%. Faktor risiko gangguan depresi yang bermakna secara statistik pada suami adalah stresor psikososial, sedangkan pada istri adalah lama menikah (lama infertilitas) dan lama terapi infertilitas.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, diharapkan kondisi emosi pasutri dengan masalah infertilitas, hendaknya ditatalaksana sejak dini, tanpa menunggu munculnya gangguan mental yang memenuhi kriteria diagnosis."

"Latar belakang: Gangguan Depresi pada pasien pasca IMA sering tidak terdeteksi. Hanya 25% kasus depresi pasca IMA yang terdiagnosis dan hanya 30% yang mendapat pengobatan yang memadai. Dari berbagai penelitian didapatkan bila depresi tidak ditangani dengan baik maka dapat memperburuk prognosis, meningkatkan risiko kematian dan memperlambat penyembuhan. Faktor risiko lain dalam terjadinya IMA adalah faktor pola perilaku. Berdasarkan penelitian perilaku tipe A mempunyai risiko lebih tinggi untuk mengalami penyakit jantung dibandingkan dengan perilaku tipe B. Sekitar 37-45% penderita iskemi miokard dicetuskan oleh stresor psikososial yang bila tdak diatasi dengan baik dapat berlanjut menjadi infark miokard. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara derajat keparahan IMA dan stresor psikososial dengan Gangguan Depresi pada pasien pasca IMA yang mempunyai perilaku tipe A.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross sectional terhadap 136 responden berusia 25-60 tahun yang datang ke PoIiklinik Jantung Rumah Sakit Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah Harapan Kita Jakarta dan memenuhi kriteria inkiusi. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah Videotaped Clinical Examination (VCE) perilaku tipe A, Structured CIinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis-1 Disorder (SLID) dan kuesioner stresor psikososial dari Irwin G. Sarasan.Hasil: Dari 136 responden sebesar 57,4% pasien mengalami depresi. Proporsi Gangguan Depresi tertinggi ditemukan pada responden IMA derajat berat dan sangat berat (69%). Pada responden terdapat hubungan antara derajat keparahan IMA dengan Gangguan Depresi (p=0,008) dan terdapat hubungan antara stresor psikososial dengan Gangguan Depresi (p<0,001). Hasil analisis regresi logisitik didapatkan keparahan IMA berat dan sangat berat merupakan faktor yang paling dominan dalam meningkatkan risiko untuk mengalami Gangguan Depresi pada responden (odds ratio 4,6) sedangkan stresor psikososial (odds ratio 1,4).Simpulan: Derajat keparahan IMA dan stresor psikososial adalah faktor yang berperan dalam meningkatkan risiko untuk mengalami Gangguan Depresi pada pasien pasca IMA yang mempunyai perilaku tipe A.

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Background: Depression disorders in post acute myocard infarct (ANTI) patients are frequently not detected. Only 25% of the post AMI cases that have been diagnosed and only 30% of those received adequate treatment. Based on a variety of studies, if depression is not properly handled, the prognosis will become worse augmenting the risk of mortality and slowing down the recovery. Another risk factor in the induction of AMI is a behavior pattern factor. Based on the study, type a behavior runs a higher risk for developing cardiac disease than type B behavior. Approximately 37-45% of the cases, myocard ischemia triggered by unresolved psychosocial stressors could lead to AMI. The purpose of this study was to find out the correlation between the severity degree of AMI and psychosocial stressors with depression disorders in post AMI patients who were identified to have type a behavior.Method: This study was cross-sectional involving 136 respondents aged 25 to 60 years who presented to the cardiac poly of Rumah Sakit Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah Harapan Kita Jakarta. The respondents fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The instruments employed were VCE of type a behavior SCID and psychosocial stressor questionnaire from Irwin C. Samson.Result: Out of 136 respondents, 57.4% of them had depression. The biggest proportion of depression disorder was found in severe and very severe myocard infarct respondents (69%). In the respondents, association between the severity degree of AMI and depression disorder was found; there was association between psychosocial stressors and depression disorder (p <0.081). The result of the Logistic regression revealed that severe and very severe AMI was the most dominant factor in increasing the risk for developing disorder in the respondents (odds ratio 4.6). Whereas psychosocial stressors had the odds ratio 1.4.Conclusion: The severity of AMI and psychosocial stressors are the two factors that have a role in increasing the risk for developing depression disorder in AMI patients with type A behavior."

"Stress psikososial dialami oleh klien kanker. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi pengalaman konflik, ansietas, dan depresi pada klien kanker setelah satu tahun didiagnosa dan mendapat terapi. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam menggunakan pertanyaan semi terstruktur pada 15 partisipan di poliklinik rumah sakit umum pusat di Bandung.Didapatkan delapan tema, yaitu: kecemasan terhadap penyebaran dan kekambuhan penyakit, perubahan relasi dengan pasangan, ?labelling? dari diri sendiri dan orang lain, ketidaknyamanan fisik dan psikologis selama proses pengobatan, konsep diri, religius/spiritual, merahasiakan penyakit dan keluhan, dan defisit informasi. Dari delapan tema, ditemukan empat tema yang bukan merupakan konflik, ansietas, dan depresi.Kesimpulan: konflik, ansietas dan depresi mempengaruhi kondisi klien.

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Psychosocial distress emerges in cancer disease. This research explores experience of conflict, anxiety, and depression in one year cancer survivor. Data were collected through in-depth semi structured interviews with fifteen participants when seeking treatment at a public hospital in Bandung.There eight themes emerge: anxiety about cancer's spread and recurrence, changing relationships with a partner, 'labeling' from oneself and others, physical and psychological discomfort along treatment, self-concept, religious/spiritual, hiding diagnose and complain, and deficit information about cancer. But, four themes among were not characterized with conflict, anxiety, and depression.Conclusions: conflict, anxiety, and depression impact condition of the client cancer."

"[ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Pasien DM dengan ulkus kaki lebih banyak yang mengalamidepresi dan memiliki kualitas hidup yang buruk. Dalam tatalaksana ulkus kaki diabetic perlu diperhatikan faktor psikososial karena diperkirakan dapat mempengaruhi penyembuhan luka melalui induksi gangguan keseimbangan neuroendokrin-imun. Beberapa penelitian mengenai pengaruh depresi pada proses penyembuhan ulkus diabetik telah dilakukan dengan hasil yang masih kontroversial.Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh depresi terhadap proses perbaikan infeksi ulkus kaki diabetik, serta tingkat depresi pada pasien ulkus kaki diabetik rawat inap.Metode: Observasional, kohort prospektif, terhadap 95 pasien ulkus kaki diabetic terinfeksi yang dirawat di RSCM dan RS jejaring dalam kurun waktu penelitian, terbagi 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok depresi dan kelompok tidak depresi. Data klinis, penilaian depresi, dan data laboratorium diambil saat pasien masuk rumah sakit kemudian dinilai perbaikan infeksi ulkus kaki diabetik dalam 21 hari masa perawatan. Dilakukan analisis bivariat dengan uji Chi-square berdasarkan batas kemaknaan (α) sebesar 5% dan analisis multivariat.Hasil: Dari 95 subyek penelitian, 38 orang (40%) masuk dalam kelompok tidak depresi, sedangkan kelompok depresi terdiri atas 57 orang (60%). Subyek perempuan jumlahnya dominan pada kelompok depresi (70%). Komorbid terbanyak adalah hipertensi, dengan angka komorbiditas dan penyakit kardivaskular lebih tinggi pada kelompok depresi. Malnutrisi dan obesitas juga lebih banyak pada kelompok depresi (64,9% dan 31,6%), demikian pula dengan kontrol glikemik yang buruk (73,7%). Sebagian besar pasien (73,7%) yang masuk dalam kelompok depresi memiliki depresi ringan. Pada kelompok depresi 40,4% mengalami perbaikan infeksi dalam 21 hari masa perawatan, sedangkan pada kelompok tidak depresi 68,4%.Simpulan: Depresi cenderung meningkatkan risiko atau kemungkinan tidak terjadinya perbaikan infeksi ulkus kaki diabetik, walaupun setelah dilakukan penyesuaian terhadap variabel perancu, hasil tersebut tidak bermakna secara statistik (adjusted OR 2,429 dengan IK 95% 0,890-6,632). Lebih banyak subjek dengan depresi sedang yang tidak mengalami perbaikan infeksi ulkus kaki diabetik dibandingkan dengan subjek dengan depresi ringan (93,3% dan 47,6%).

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ABSTRACTBackground: Patients with diabetic foot ulcers are more depressed and have a poor quality of life. In the management of diabetic foot ulcers, psychosocial factors need to be considered because it can influence wound healing through induction of neuroendocrine-immune balance disorders. Several studies on the effect of depression in diabetic ulcer healing process has been carried out with results that are still controversial.Objective: To investigate the effect of depression on diabetic foot ulcer infection healing process, as well as the level of depression in patients with diabetic foot ulcers.Methods: Observational, prospective cohort, of the 95 patients with infected diabetic foot ulcers treated at Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital and networking hospitals within the study, divided into 2 groups: group of depressed and non-depressed group. Clinical data, assessment of depression, and laboratory data were taken on admission to hospital then we assessed improvements infection of diabetic foot ulcers in 21 days of treatment. Bivariate analysis performed using Chi-square test based on the limit of significance (α) of 5%, also does multivariate analysis.Results: Of the 95 subjects, 40%was not depressed, while the depressed group consisted of 60%. Female subjects was dominant in the depressed group (66,7%). Most comorbid was hypertension, with a number of comorbidities and disease cardivascular higher in depressed group. Malnutrition and obesity are also higher in the depression group (64,9% and 31,6%), as well as poor glycemic control (73,7%). Most patients (73,7%) included in the depressed group had mild depression. In the depressed group, 40,4% experienced improvement in 21-day period of treatment, whereas in the non-depressed group 68,4%.Conclusion: Depression tends to increse diabetic foot ulcer infection risk to not improved, although after adjusment of confounding variables the result was not statistically significant (adjusted OR 2,429 with CI95% 0,890-6,632). More subjects with moderate depression who did not exeperience improvement when compared to subjects with mild depression did not exeperience improvement (93,3% and 47,6%).;Background: Patients with diabetic foot ulcers are more depressed and have a poor quality of life. In the management of diabetic foot ulcers, psychosocial factors need to be considered because it can influence wound healing through induction of neuroendocrine-immune balance disorders. Several studies on the effect of depression in diabetic ulcer healing process has been carried out with results that are still controversial.Objective: To investigate the effect of depression on diabetic foot ulcer infection healing process, as well as the level of depression in patients with diabetic foot ulcers.Methods: Observational, prospective cohort, of the 95 patients with infected diabetic foot ulcers treated at Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital and networking hospitals within the study, divided into 2 groups: group of depressed and non-depressed group. Clinical data, assessment of depression, and laboratory data were taken on admission to hospital then we assessed improvements infection of diabetic foot ulcers in 21 days of treatment. Bivariate analysis performed using Chi-square test based on the limit of significance (α) of 5%, also does multivariate analysis.Results: Of the 95 subjects, 40%was not depressed, while the depressed group consisted of 60%. Female subjects was dominant in the depressed group (66,7%). Most comorbid was hypertension, with a number of comorbidities and disease cardivascular higher in depressed group. Malnutrition and obesity are also higher in the depression group (64,9% and 31,6%), as well as poor glycemic control (73,7%). Most patients (73,7%) included in the depressed group had mild depression. In the depressed group, 40,4% experienced improvement in 21-day period of treatment, whereas in the non-depressed group 68,4%.Conclusion: Depression tends to increse diabetic foot ulcer infection risk to not improved, although after adjusment of confounding variables the result was not statistically significant (adjusted OR 2,429 with CI95% 0,890-6,632). More subjects with moderate depression who did not exeperience improvement when compared to subjects with mild depression did not exeperience improvement (93,3% and 47,6%).;Background: Patients with diabetic foot ulcers are more depressed and have a poor quality of life. In the management of diabetic foot ulcers, psychosocial factors need to be considered because it can influence wound healing through induction of neuroendocrine-immune balance disorders. Several studies on the effect of depression in diabetic ulcer healing process has been carried out with results that are still controversial.Objective: To investigate the effect of depression on diabetic foot ulcer infection healing process, as well as the level of depression in patients with diabetic foot ulcers.Methods: Observational, prospective cohort, of the 95 patients with infected diabetic foot ulcers treated at Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital and networking hospitals within the study, divided into 2 groups: group of depressed and non-depressed group. Clinical data, assessment of depression, and laboratory data were taken on admission to hospital then we assessed improvements infection of diabetic foot ulcers in 21 days of treatment. Bivariate analysis performed using Chi-square test based on the limit of significance (α) of 5%, also does multivariate analysis.Results: Of the 95 subjects, 40%was not depressed, while the depressed group consisted of 60%. Female subjects was dominant in the depressed group (66,7%). Most comorbid was hypertension, with a number of comorbidities and disease cardivascular higher in depressed group. Malnutrition and obesity are also higher in the depression group (64,9% and 31,6%), as well as poor glycemic control (73,7%). Most patients (73,7%) included in the depressed group had mild depression. In the depressed group, 40,4% experienced improvement in 21-day period of treatment, whereas in the non-depressed group 68,4%.Conclusion: Depression tends to increse diabetic foot ulcer infection risk to not improved, although after adjusment of confounding variables the result was not statistically significant (adjusted OR 2,429 with CI95% 0,890-6,632). More subjects with moderate depression who did not exeperience improvement when compared to subjects with mild depression did not exeperience improvement (93,3% and 47,6%)., Background: Patients with diabetic foot ulcers are more depressed and have a poor quality of life. In the management of diabetic foot ulcers, psychosocial factors need to be considered because it can influence wound healing through induction of neuroendocrine-immune balance disorders. Several studies on the effect of depression in diabetic ulcer healing process has been carried out with results that are still controversial.Objective: To investigate the effect of depression on diabetic foot ulcer infection healing process, as well as the level of depression in patients with diabetic foot ulcers.Methods: Observational, prospective cohort, of the 95 patients with infected diabetic foot ulcers treated at Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital and networking hospitals within the study, divided into 2 groups: group of depressed and non-depressed group. Clinical data, assessment of depression, and laboratory data were taken on admission to hospital then we assessed improvements infection of diabetic foot ulcers in 21 days of treatment. Bivariate analysis performed using Chi-square test based on the limit of significance (α) of 5%, also does multivariate analysis.Results: Of the 95 subjects, 40%was not depressed, while the depressed group consisted of 60%. Female subjects was dominant in the depressed group (66,7%). Most comorbid was hypertension, with a number of comorbidities and disease cardivascular higher in depressed group. Malnutrition and obesity are also higher in the depression group (64,9% and 31,6%), as well as poor glycemic control (73,7%). Most patients (73,7%) included in the depressed group had mild depression. In the depressed group, 40,4% experienced improvement in 21-day period of treatment, whereas in the non-depressed group 68,4%.Conclusion: Depression tends to increse diabetic foot ulcer infection risk to not improved, although after adjusment of confounding variables the result was not statistically significant (adjusted OR 2,429 with CI95% 0,890-6,632). More subjects with moderate depression who did not exeperience improvement when compared to subjects with mild depression did not exeperience improvement (93,3% and 47,6%).]"