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"Pengaruh pemberian diet rendah kalori seimbang selama 14 hari terhadap berat badan (BB), indeks massa tubuh (IMT), tebal lipatan kulit total (TLK), massa lemak tubuh (ML), massa tubuh bebas lemak(MBL), rasio lingkar pinggang-lingkar panggul (RLpi-Lpa), dan kadar leptin serum, telah dievaluasi dengan studi eksperimental pra dan pasca pemberian diet rendah kalori seimbang 915,23 kkal dengan komposisi 55,81% karbohidrat, 19,46% protein dan 24,73% lemak selama 14 hari terhadap 39 subyek perempuan obes (19-55 tahun) yang telah memenuhi criteria penerimaan dan penolakan. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data karakteristik demografi, data asupan energi dan makronutrien, antropometri, komposisi tubuh, dan kadar leptin serum. Terjadi penurunan berat badan secara bermakna (p<0,05) dari 70,99 ± 8,62 menjadi 68,81 ± 8,36 kg (3,07%); penurunan IMT secara bermakna (p<0,05) dari 30,28 ± 3,11 kg/m2 menjadi 29,36 ± 2,94 kg/m2 (3,04%); penurunan TLK secara bermakna (p<0,05) dari 99,36 ± 12,07 mm menjadi 91,29 ± 10,85 mm (8,08%); penurunan ML secara bermakna (p<0,05) dari 35,41 ± 2,75 % menjadi 33,65 ± 2,73 % (1,76%); peningkatan MBL secara bermakna (p<0,05) dari 64,59 ± 2,74 menjadi 66,35 ± 2,73 (2,72%); penurunan Lpi secara bermakna (p<0,05) dari 85,87 ± 7,31 menjadi 83,35 ± 7,09 (2,93%); penurunan Lpa secara bermakna (p<0,05) dari 107,59 ± 6,67 menjadi 106,49 ± 6,37 (1,02%); penurunan Lpi-Lpa secara bermakna (p<0,05) dari 0,80 ± 0,05 menjadi 0,78 ± 0,04 (2,24%); penurunan kadar leptin secara bermakna (p<0,05) dari 23,31 (12,06-71,22) menjadi 18,18 (7,90-65,11) (22,01%); ditemukan korelasi positif antara kadar leptin serum dengan ML secara bermakna (p<0,05) sebelum perlakuan (r=0,47 ; p=0,003) dan sesudah perlakuan (r=0,57 ; p=0,001). Pemberian diet rendah kalori seimbang sebesar 915,23 kkal/h selama 14 hari dapat dengan efektif menurunkan berat badan, IMT, tebal lemak bawah kulit, persentase lemak, meningkatkan persentase massa bebas lemak, menurunkan rasio lingkar pinggang, lingkar panggul dan kadar leptin serum. (Med J Indones 2005; 14: 220-4)

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The effect of balanced low-calorie diet for 14 days on body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), total skin fold thickness (SFT), fat mass (FM), fat free mass (FFM), waist to hip ratio (WHR) and serum leptin level was evaluated by using a pre and post-experimental balanced low-calorie diet 915.23 kcal/day with the composition of 55.81% carbohydrate, 19.46% protein and 24.73% fat for 14 days on 39 obese-women subjects (19-55 years old) who have met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The collected data include demographic characteristic, macronutrient and energy intake, as well as of anthropometry, FM, FFM, and serum leptin level. Body weight reduction occurs significantly (p<0.05) from 70.99 ± 8.62 to 68.81 ± 8.36 kg (3.07%); BMI reduction is significant (p<0.05) from 30.28 ± 3.11 kg/m2 to 29.36 ± 2.94 kg/m2 (3.04%); Significantly reduced SFT (p<0.05) from 99.36 ± 12.07 mm to 91.29 ± 10.85 mm (8.08%); Significantly reduced FM (p<0.05) from 35.41 ± 2.75 % to 33.65 ± 2.73% (1.76%); Significantly increased FFM percentage (p<0.05) from 64.59 ± 2.74 to 66.35 ± 2.73 (2.72%); Significantly reduced WC (waist circumference) (p<0.05) from 85.87 ± 7.31 to 83.35 ± 7.09 (2.93%); Significantly reduced HC (hip circumference) (p<0.05) from 107.59 ± 6.67 to 106.49 ± 6.37 (1.02%); Significantly reduced WHR (p<0.05) from 0.80 ± 0.05 to 0.78 ± 0.04 (2.24%); Significantly reduced serum leptin (p<0.05) from 23.31 (12.06-71.22) to 18.18 (7.90-65.11) (22.01%); positive correlation is observed between serum leptin level and FM significantly (p<0.05) before treatment (r=0.47 ; p=0.003) and after treatment (r=0.57 ; p=0.001). Balanced low-calorie diet may effectively reduce body weight, BMI, skin fold thickness, percentage of fat mass, to increase percentage of fat free mass, to reduce waist to hip ratio and serum leptin level. (Med J Indones 2005; 14: 220-4)"

"Tujuan : Mengetahui pengaruh pemberian diet rendah kalori seimbang selama 14 hari terhadap berat badan (BB), indeks massa tubuh (IMT), tebal lipatan kulit total. (TLK), massa lemak tubuh (ML), massa tubuh bebas lemak (MBL), rasio lingkar pinggang-lingkar panggul (R Lpi-Lpa) , dan kadar leptin serum.Tempat : Rumah Sakit Sumba Waras, GrogolBahan dan cara: Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimentai pra dan pasca pemberian diet rendah kalori seimbang 915,23 kkal dengan komposisi 55,81% karbohidrat, 19,46% protein dan 24,73% lemak selama 14 hari terhadap 39 subyek perempuan obes (19-55 tahun) yang telah memenuhi kriteria penerimaan dan penolakan. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data karateristik demografi, data asupan energi dan makronutrien, antropornetri, komposisi tubuh, dan kadar leptin serum.Hasil : Terjadi penurunan berat badan secara bermakna (p<0,05) dari 70,99 ± 8,62 menjadi 68,81 ± 8,36 kg (3,07%); penurunan IMT secara bermakna (p<0,05) dari 30,20 ± 3,11 kg/m2 menjadi 29,36 ± 2,94 kg/m2 ( 3,04%); penurunan TLK secara bermakna (p<0,05) dari 99,32 ± 12,07 mm menjadi 91,29 f 10,85 mm (8,08%); penurunan ML secara bermakna (p<0,05) dari 35,41 ± 2,75 % menjadi 33,65 ± 2,73% (1,76 %) peningkatan persentase MBL secara bermakna. (p<0,O5) dari 64,59 2,74 menjadi 66,35 2,73% (2,72%);penurunan Lpi secara bermakna (p<0,O5) dari 85,87 7,31 menjadi 83,35 ± 7,09 cm (2,93%); penurunan Lpa secara bermakna (p<0,05) Bari 107,59 ± 6,67 menjadi 106,49 f 6,37 cm (1,02%); penurunan R Lpi-Lpa secara bermakna (p(O,O5) dari 0,80 ± 0,05 menjadi 0,78 ± 0,04 (2,24 %); penurunan kadar leptin serum secara bermalma (p<0,05) dari 23,31 (12,06-71,22) menjadi 18,18 (7,90-65,11) pg/mL (22,01 %); ditemukan korelasi positif antara kadar leptin serum dengan ML secara bermakna (p<0,05) sebelum perlakuan 0=0,47 ; p t,003) dan sesudah perlakuan (r3,57 ; p=0,001).Simpulan : Pemberian diet rendah kalori seimbang sebesar 915,23 kkal/h selama 14 hari dapat dengan efektif menurunkan berat badan, IMT, tebal lemak bawah kulit, persentase lemak, meningkatkan persentase massa bebas lemak, menurunkan rasio lingkar pinggang lingkar panggul dan kadar leptin serum, serta ditemukan korelasi positif bermakna antara massa lemak tubuh dan leptin serum baik sebelum maupun sesudah perlakuan.

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Objective : To identify the effect of balanced low-calorie diet for 14 days on body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), total skin fold thickness (SFT), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), waist to hip ratio (WHR) and serum leptin level.

Place : Sumber Waras Hospital, Grogol

Material and Method : This study is a pre- and post-experimental balanced low-calorie diet 915.23 kcallday with the composition of 55.81 % carbohydrate, 19.46 % protein and 24.73 % fat for 14 days on 39 obese-women subjects (19-55 years old) who have met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The collected data include demographic characteristic, macronutrient and energy intake, as well as of anthropometry, FM, FFM, and serum leptin level.

Results : Body weight reduction occurs significantly (p<0.05) from 70.99 ± 8.62 to 68.81 ± 8.36 kg (3,07%), BMI reduction is significant (p<0.45) from 30,20 + 3,11kglm2 to 29,36 ± 2,94 kghn' (3,04%); significantly reduced SFT (p<0.05) from 99,32 ± 12,07 mm to 91,29 ± 10,85 mm (8,08%); significantly reduced FM (p<0,05) from 35.41 ± 2.75% to 33.65 ± 2.73% (1.76%); significantly increased FFM percentage (P<0.05) from 64.59 ± 2.74 to 66.35 ± 2.73 (2.72%); significantly reduced WC (waist circumference) (p<0.05) from 85.87 ± 7.31 to 83.35 ± 7.09 (2.93%); significantly reduced HC (hip circumference) (p<0.05) from 107.59 ± 6.67 to 106.49 ± 6.37 (1.02%); significantly reduced WHR (p<0.05) from 0.80 ± 0.05 to 0.78 ± 0.04 (2.24%); significantly reduced serum leptin level (p<0.05) from 23.31 (12.06 - 71.22) to 18.18 (7.90 - 65.11) (22.01%); positive correlation is observed between serum leptin level and FM significantly (p<0,05) before treatment (r= 0.47; p = 0.003) and after treatment (r=0,57;

Conclusions : Balanced low-calorie diet may effectively reduce body weight, BMI, skin fold thickness, percentage of fat mass, to increase percentage of fat free mass, to reduce waist to hip ratio and serum leptin level. There is a statistically significant positive correlation between serum leptin and body fat mass both before and after treatment."

"Tujuan : Mengetahui keadaan metabolisme penderita obesitas setelah menjalani diet rendah kalori seimbang selama 14 hari, dengan mengukur resting energy expenditure (REE) dan kadar T3 serumTempat : Rumah Sakit Sumber Waras, Jakarta BaratMetodologi: Dilakukan penelitian pada 37 orang perempuan obes yang memenuhi kriteria penerimaan dan penolakan serta bersedia mengikuti penelitian ini. Penelitian ini merupakan studi quasi eksperimental pra dan pasca perlakuan. Setiap subjek menjalani diet rendah kalori seimbang 1000 kkal selama 14 hari. Pemeriksaan antropometri, REE dan kadar T3 serum dilakukan pada awal, hari ke 7 dan akhir perlakuan. REE diukur dengan kalorimetri tak langsung (REE ukur) dan dihitung dengan menggunakan persamaan Harris-Benedict (REE hitung).Hasil: Pada akhir perlakuan terjadi penurunan yang bermakna (p <0,05) pada berat badan, massa lemak, massa bebas lemak, REE ukur dan REE hitung masing-masing dari 71,22±8,63 kg menjadi 69,15±8,37 kg (penurunan 2,9%), dari 35,32J2,58% menjadi 33,94,58% (penurunan 1,38%), dari 45,96±4,89 kg menjadi 45,544,82 kg (penurunan 0,92%), dari 1815,0822,37 kkal menjadi 1718,97±269,50 kkal (penurunan 5,29%) dan dari 1428,07+84,02 kkal menjadi 1408,25 1,52 kkal (penurunan 1,39%). Penurunan kadar T3 serum yang bermakna terjadi pada hari ke 7 (p = 0,001), dari 0,9005±0,1530 ng/mL menjadi 0,836210,1611 mg/mL (penurunan 7,1%). Pada akhir penelitian, dibandingkan dengan hari ke 7, terjadi pertingkatan T3 yang tidak beramakna. Pada hari ke 7 terdapat korelasi positif bermakna (r = 0,349; p = 0,034) antara perubahan REE ukur dengan perubahan T3. Pada hari ke 15 terdapat korelasi positif bermakna (r = 0,401; p = 0,014) antara perubahan REE ukur dengan perubahan massa bebas lemak. Perubahan T3 pada hari ke 7 mempunyai korelasi positif bermakna (r = 0,385; p = 0,019) dengan perubahan berat badan pada minggu pertama dan dengan perubahan massa bebas lemak pada minggu pertama (r = 0,345; p = 0,036). Pads penurunan berat badan sebesar 2,9% terdapat penurunan REE ukur dan REE hitung masing-masing 5,29% dan 1,39%. Rata-rata REE ukur lebih besar 27% daripada REE hitung.Kesimpulan : Setelah terjadi penurunan berat badan dengan diet rendah kalori seimbang, penderita obesitas berada dalam kondisi hipometabolisme yang ditandai dengan penurunan RFE ukur, REE hitung dan kadar T3 serum.

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Objective: to determine the metabolic state of obese females after treatment with balanced low-calorie diet for 14 days by measuring resting energy expenditure (REE) and serum T3 level as indicators.

Location : Sumber Waras hospital , West Jakarta

Methods : The study was carried out on 37 obese females who have been recruited based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. This study is a quasi experimental study with a pre and posttest treatment design. Every subject received a balanced low-calorie diet (LCD) of 1000 kcal/day for 14 days. Antropometric measwrements, REE and serum T3 levels were examined at the beginning, at day 7 and at the end of study. REE were measured and calculated by indirect calorimetry (measured-REE) and using Harris-Benedict equation (calculated-REE) respectively.

Result : Balanced LCD given for 14 days significantly (p <0.05) decreased body weight (BW) , fat mass, fat free mass, measured-REE and calculated-REE from 71.22±8.63 kg to 69.15±8.37 kg (decreased 2,9%), from 35.32.58% to 33.94±2.58% (1,38%), from 45.96±4.89 kg to 45.54±4.82 kg (0,92%), from 1815.0822.37 kcal to 1718.97±269.50 kcal (5,29%), and from 1428,.7±84.02 kcal to 1408.25±81.52 kcal (1,39%) respectively. There was a significant decrease (p = 0.001) in serum T3 leveI at day 7 from 0.9005±0.1530 ng/mL to 0.836210.1611 nglmL (decrease 7,1%). At the end of the study, serum T3 levels increased not significantly compared to day 7. At day 7, there was a significant positive correlation (r = 0.349; p = 0.034) between the change in measured-REE and the change in serum T3 levels. At day 15, a significant positive correlation (r = 0.401; p = 0.014) was found between the change in measured-REE and the change in fat free mass. The changed of serum T3 levels at day 7 had significant positive correlation (r = 0,385; p = 0,019) with the changed of BW in the first week. The changed of serum T3 levels at day 7 had significant positive correlation (r = 0,345; p = 0,036) with the changed of fat free mass in the first week. After reduction of BW by 2.9%, there was a decrease of measured-REE and calculated-REE, 5.29% and 1.39%, respectively. The measured-REE was 27% higher than calculated-REE.

Conclusion : Weight-reduced obese subjects with balanced LCD were in hypometabolic state indicated by a reduction in measured and calculated-REE, and serum T3 levels."

"Tujuan : Mengetahui pengaruh diet rendah kalori seimbang terhadap resting energy expenditure (REE), respiratory quotient (RQ) dan profil lipid serum untuk menurunkan morbiditas dan mortalitas penderita obesitas.Tempat : Rumah Sakit Sumber Waras JakartaBahan dan cara : Penelitian merupakan suatu eksperimental pra dan pasca pemberian diet rendah kalori seimbang 1000 Kkal dengan komposisi 55 % karbohidrat, 20 % protein dan 25 % lemak selama 14 hari terhadap 38 subjek perempuan obes (19-55 tahun) yang telah memenuhi kriteria penerimaan dan penolakan. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data karakteristik sosial demografi, data asupan energi dan makronutrien, antropometri, REE, RQ, kadar kolesterol total, trigliserida, kolesterol LDL dan kolesterol HDL serum.Hasil : Setelah pemberian diet 1000 kkal selama 14 hari pada perempuan obes terjadi penurunan bermakna dari berat badan sebesar 2,64% (p= 0,001), penurunan IMT 2,77% (p= 0,001), penurunan persentase massa lemak tubuh 1,44% (p= 0,001), peningkatan persentase massa bebas lemak 1,36% (p= 0,001), penurunan rasio Lpi-Lpa 2,5% (p= 0,001), penurunan tidak bermakna dari REE 4,41% (p= 0,071), penurunan bermakna dari RQ 4,78% (p= 0,036), penurunan kolesterol total 6,67% (p= 0,001), penurunan trigliserida 22,92% (p= 0,001), penurunan kolesterol LDL 4,22% (p 0,027) dan penurunan kolesterol HDL serum 5,54% (p= 0,004).Simpulan : Pemberian diet rendah kalori seimbang sebesar 1000 Kkal/hari selama 14 hari terbukti dapat menurunkan secara bermakna berat badan, IMT, persentase massa lemak, meningkatkan persentase massa bebas lemak, menurunkan rasio Lpi-Lpa, RQ, kolesterol total, trigliserida, kolesterol LDL dan kolesterol HDL serum, tetapi tidak menurunkan secara bermakna REE pada perempuan obes.

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Objective : To identify the effect of balanced low calorie diet on REE, RQ and serum lipid profile of obese women in reducing morbidity and modality of obese people.

Place : Sumber Waras Hospital, Jakarta.

Materials and Methods : The study was an experimental, pre and post balanced low calorie diet (1000 Kcals/day, 55% carbohydrate, 20% protein and 25% fat) for 14 days. Thirty eight obese women, 19.-55 years old had been selected as subjects according to inclusion and exclusion criteria The data that had been collected were social and demographic characteristics, the energy and macronutrient intake, anthropometric, REE, RQ, level of total serum cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol.

Results : After 14 days balanced low calorie diet , there were significant reduction of body weight 2,64% (p= 0,001), body mass index 2,77% (p= 0,001), percentage of fat mass 1,44% (p= 0,001), increarnent percentage of fat free mass 1,36% (p= 0,001), reduction of waist to hip ratio 2,5% (p= 0,001), insignificant reduction of REE 4,41% (p= 0,071), significant reduction of RQ 4,78% (p= 0,036), level of total serum cholesterol 6,67% (p= 0,001), triglyceride 22,92% (p= 0,001), LDL cholesterol 4,22% (p= 0,027) and HDL cholesterol 5,54% (p= 0,004).

Conclusion : Balanced low calorie diet was had been shown to reduce body weight, body mass index, percentage of fat mass, to increase percentage of fat free mass, to reduce waist to hip ratio, RQ, level of total serum cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol of obese women significantly, but didn't reduce REE significantly."

"Latar Belakang : Prevalensi obesitas pada populasi dewasa di dunia pada tahun 2014 hampir mencapai 13, sementara di Indonesia telah mencapai 32,9 pada tahun yang sama. Obesitas merupakan faktor risiko berbagai penyakit tidak menular yaitu diabetes tipe 2 ataupun penyakit kardiovaskular. Sebagian besar orang yang berhasil menurunkan berat badan gagal mempertahankannya dan mengalami kenaikan berat badan berulang weight cycling. Berbagai penelitian tentang program diet memberikan hasil yang berbeda-beda. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi perubahan komposisi tubuh dengan diet kalori rendah protein tinggi dibandingkan dengan protein standar pada penyandang obesitas dengan riwayat weight cycling. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan uji coba klinis acak terbuka pada penyandang obesitas dengan weight cycling. Sebanyak 61 penyandang obesitas mengikuti penelitian ini. Subjek diberikan diet kalori rendah dan secara acak didistribusikan ke dalam dua kelompok intervensi, yaitu kelompok protein tinggi 22 ndash;30 dari total asupan kalori dan kelompok protein seimbang 12 ndash;20 . Antropometri dan data komposisi tubuh diambil pada awal dan akhir penelitian. Subyek diikuti hingga 8 minggu, diberikan buku catatan makan harian dan konseling seminggu sekali. Hasil: 54 peserta menyelesaikan penelitian. Terdapat penurunan yang signifikan dalam berat badan dan indeks massa tubuh IMT , massa lemak, persentase massa lemak, massa otot, dan kenaikan persentase massa otot terjadi pada kedua kelompok protein seimbang: p

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Background: The world prevalence of obesity in the adult population in 2014 was nearly 13 while in Indonesia, it has reached 32.9 in the same year. Obesity is an established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. A large proportion of people who had succeeded to reduce body weight failed to maintain it and underwent weight gain repeatedly weight cycling. Studies have been inconclusive about the best diet programme for such people. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the body composition changes resulting from low calorie high protein and standard protein diet programme in obese people with a history of weight cycling.

Methods: This is an open randomized clinical trial of a weight loss program in obese individuals with weight cycling. A total of 61 adult obese individuals with a history of weight cycling were recruited. Subjects were assigned to a low calorie diet and were randomly distributed into two intervention groups, namely high protein group 22 ndash 30 of total caloric intake and standard protein group 12 ndash 20. Anthropometry and body composition data were taken at baseline and at the end of the study. Subjects were followed up to 8 weeks, with daily reminders and weekly counselling.

Results: 54 participants completed the study. Significant reductions in body weight and body mass index BMI , fat mass, fat mass percentage, muscle mass, and gain in muscle mass percentage occurred in both groups Standard protein p"

"Uji klinis acak tersamar ganda paralel ini merupakan penelitian pendahuluan, bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi serat larut dan diet rendah kalori seimbang (DRKS) selama 4 minggu terhadap kadar kolesterol low-density lipoprotein (LDL) serum pada obes I usia 30−50 tahun. Sejumlah 31 subyek dipilih dengan kriteria tertentu dan dibagi menjadi dua kelompok dengan randomisasi blok, 15 orang kelompok perlakuan (KP) dan 16 orang kelompok kontrol (KK). Subyek KP mendapat serat larut psyllium husk (PH) 8,4 g/hari dan DRKS 1200 kkal/hari, sedangkan subyek KK mendapat plasebo dan DRKS 1200 kkal/hari. Data terdiri atas usia, indeks massa tubuh (IMT), asupan zat gizi, serta kadar kolesterol LDL serum. Pemeriksaan kolesterol LDL dilakukan pada awal dan akhir penelitian. Analisis data menggunakan uji t tidak berpasangan dan Mann-Whitney, batas kemaknaan 5%. Karakteristik data dasar dan sebaran subyek kedua kelompok sebanding. Analisis lengkap dilakukan pada 28 subyek (KP dan KK masing-masing 14 subyek). Suplementasi ditoleransi baik dan tidak ditemukan efek samping serius. Median usia subyek KP dan KK berturut-turut 35,0 (30−45) tahun dan 34,50 (30−48) tahun serta rerata IMT 28,0 ± 1,1 kg/m2 dan 27,2 ± 1,4 kg/m2. Rerata kadar kolesterol LDL serum awal KP 137,0 ± 37,0 mg/dL dan KK 134,4 ± 29,1 mg/dL. Defisit energi KP lebih rendah tidak signifikan (p = 0,62) dibandingkan KK, berturut-turut -282,0 ± 482,6 kkal/hari dan -331,8 ± 578,3 kkal/hari. Persentase asupan energi terhadap anjuran KP (94,2 ± 18,5%) lebih tinggi signifikan (p = 0,02) daripada KK (85,4 ± 22,9%). Asupan karbohidrat (KH) total KP (613,1 ± 134,5 kkal/hari) lebih tinggi signifikan (p = 0,02) dibandingkan KK (545,4 ± 161,1 kkal/hari). Asupan protein, lemak total, dan kolesterol KP dan KK sesuai rekomendasi NCEP-ATP III. Pada kedua kelompok, asupan asam lemak jenuh cenderung tinggi, tetapi asupan asam lemak tak jenuh tunggal dan jamak rendah. Asupan serat subyek KP 17,2 ± 2,8 g/hari dan KK 8,6 (5,2−15,2) g/hari. Dengan suplementasi PH tidak tercapai rekomendasi asupan serat. Persentase asupan KH sederhana terhadap energi total KP 11,5±5,4% lebih tinggi signifikan (p = 0,00) dibandingkan KK 6,0 (1,2524,2)%. Penurunan kadar kolesterol LDL serum KP -2,1 ± 16,2 mg/dL lebih sedikit tidak signifikan (p = 0,15) dibandingkan pada KK -10,9 ± 15,3 mg/dL. Penelitian ini belum dapat membuktikan suplementasi PH 8,4 g/hari dan DRKS 1200 kkal/hari selama 4 minggu lebih baik dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol LDL serum dibandingkan plasebo pada subyek obes I.

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This parallel double blind randomized clinical trial is a preliminary study that aims to investigate the effect of soluble fiber supplementation 8.4 g/day and lowcalorie balanced diet (LCBD) for 4 weeks on serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level in obese I, aged 30−50 years old. A total of 31 subjects were selected using certain criteria and randomly allocated to one of two groups using block randomization; 15 subjects for treatment (T) group and 16 subjects for control (C) group, respectively. The T group received psyllium husk (PH) 8.4 g/day and LCBD 1200 kcal/day, and the C group received placebo and LCBD 1200 kcal/day. Data include age, body mass index (BMI), intake of energy, macronutrient, and fiber, as well as serum LDL cholesterol level. Serum LDL cholesterol level was examined before and after treatment. Statistical analyses include independent t-test and Mann-Whitney with significance level of 5%. Subjects characteristics of the two groups at baseline was not statistically different. Twenty eight subjects (14 subjects in each group) completed the intervention. Supplementation was well tolerated and there were no serious adverse events. The mean age in T and C group was 35.0 (30.0−45.0) and 34.5 (30.0−48.0) years, respectively, and BMI was 28.0 ± 1.1 and 27.2 ± 1.4 kg/m2, respectively. The pretreatment serum LDL cholesterol level in T and C group was 137.0 ± 37.0 and 134.4 ± 29.1 mg/dL, respectively. Energy deficit in T group was insignificantly lower (p = 0.62) than in C group; -282.0 ± 482.6 and -331.8 ± 578.3 kcal/day, respectively. Percentage of energy intake to recommendation in T group (94.2 ± 18.5%) was significantly higher (p = 0.02) than that in C group (85.4 ± 22.9%). Total carbohydrate (CHO) intake in T group (613.1 ± 134.5 kcal/day) was significantly higher (p = 0.02) than in C group (545.4 ± 161.1 kcal/day). Total protein, fat, and cholesterol intake were similar to the NCEP-ATP III recommendation in both groups. Intake of SAFA was higher than recommended, meanwhile PUFA and MUFA intake were lower than those recommended in both groups. Dietary fiber intake in T and C group was 17.2 ± 2.8 and 8.6 (5.2−15.2) g/day, respectively. During the intervention, PH supplementation did not meet the recommendation. Percentage of simple CHO to total energy in T group 11.5±5.4% was significantly higher (p = 0.00) than in C group 6.0 (1.2524.2)%. PH supplementation decreased serum LDL cholesterol level (-2.1 ± 16.2 mg/dL) lower than placebo (-10.9 ± 15.3 mg/dL), but not significant different (p = 0.15). This study shows that PH supplementation 8.4 g/day in combination with LCBD 1200 kcal/day for 4 weeks in obese I aged 30−50 years old is not proven to decrease the serum LDL cholesterol level."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian dengan rancangan uji klinis paralel acak tersamar ganda ini bertujuanmengetahui perubahan kadar apo B pada penyandang obes I setelah suplementasiserat psyllium husk (PH) 8,4 g/hari dan diet rendah kalori seimbang (DRKS) 1200kkal/hari selama 4 minggu. Berdasarkan kriteria penelitian, didapat 31 orangsubyek yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, 15 orang kelompok perlakuan (KP)dan 16 orang kelompok kontrol (KK). Subyek KP mendapat PH 8.4 g/hari danDRKS, sedangkan KK mendapat plasebo dan DRKS. Data yang diperolehmeliputi sebaran dan karakteristik subyek, asupan energi, makronutrien, serat, danair, serta kadar apo B awal dan akhir penelitian. Analisis data menggunakan uji ttak berpasangan dan Mann-Whitney, batas kemaknaan 5%. Sejumlah 28 subyekdapat mengikuti penelitian hingga selesai (KP dan KK masing-masing 14). Tidakdilaporkan efek samping berbahaya selama perlakuan. Sebagian besar subyekperempuan, median usia subyek KP dan KK berturut-turut 35,0 (30−45) tahun dan34,50 (30−48) tahun, IMT 28,0 ± 1,1 kg/m2 dan 27,2 ± 1,4 kg/m2. Jumlah asupanenergi total subyek KP 1130,9 ± 221,9 kkal/hari lebih tinggi signifikan (p = 0,02)daripada KK 1024,3 ± 269,9 kkal/hari. Karbohidrat sederhana pada KP (35,6(8,3−69,9)) g/hari lebih tinggi signifikan dibandingkan KK (13,8 (3,4−55,5))g/hari. Asupan serat subyek belum mencukupi anjuran (20–35 g/hari), yaitu KP17,2 ± 2,8 g/hari dan KK 8,6 (5,2−15,2) g/hari walaupun dengan suplementasiPH. Asupan protein, lemak total, dan kolesterol dalam rentang yang dianjurkan,tetapi tidak pada asupan asam lemak tak jenuh tunggal dan jamak. Penurunankadar apo B pada KK (-6,1 ± 8,9 mg/dL) lebih besar tidak signifikan (p = 0,13)dibandingkan pada KP (-1,3 ± 7,3 mg/dL). Dari penelitian ini disimpulkansuplementasi PH 8,4 g/hari dan DRKS 1200 kkal/hari selama 4 minggu tidaklebih baik dalam menurunkan kadar apo B dibandingkan plasebo dan DRKS 1200kkal/hari penyandang obes I.

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ABSTRACTThis double blind randomized clinical trial aims to investigate the change of apoB level in obese I after given supplementation psyllium husk (PH) 8.4 g/day andlow-calorie balanced diet (LCBD) for 4-weeks. By study criteria, 31 subjects wererandomly allocated to one of two groups; 15 subjects for treatment (T) group and16 subjects for plasebo (P) group. The T subjects received psyllium husk (PH) 8.4g/day and LCBD 1200 kcal/day and the P subjects received placebo and LCBD1200 kcal/day. Data collected in this study consist of subject distribution andcharacteristic, intake of energy, macronutrient, fiber, water and apo B level thatassessed before and after treatment. Level of statistical analyses significance was5%, independent t-test and Mann-Whitney. A total 28 subjects (14 subjects ineach group) had completed the intervention. There were no serious adverse eventswere reported along the intervention. Mean of age in T and P groups respectivelywas 35.0 (30.0−45.0) years and 34.5 (30.0−48.0) years, and BMI was 28.0 ± 1.1kg/m2 and 27.2 ± 1.4 kg/m2. The energy intake in T group 1130.9 ± 221.9 kcal/daywas significantly higher (p = 0.02) than P group 1024.3 ± 269.9 kcal/day. Simplecarbohydrate intake in T group (35.6 (8.3−69.9) g/day) was significantly higher (p<0.000) than in P group (13.8 (3.4−55.5) g/day). Intake of dietary fiber in T groupwas 17.2 ± 2.8 g/day had significantly higher than P group 8.6 (5.2−15.2) g/day,even adding PH supplementation cannot meet the recommendation of fiber intake(20-35 g/day). Intake protein and fat in both groups was meet recommendation,differ for intake of mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Decreasing of apo Blevel in P group was -6.1 ± 8.9 mg/dL that statistically insignificant difference (p= 0.13) with T group -1.3 ± 7.3 mg/dL. As a conclusion in this study shows, thatPH supplementation 8.4 g/day and LCBD 1200 kcal/day in obese I for 4 weekswasn’t proven to decrease the apo B level."

"ABSTRAKObesitas masih menjadi masalah di dunia dengan lebih dari 650 juta pendudukmengalami obesitas. Diet memiliki peranan penting dalam penatalaksanaanobesitas, selain memberikan restriksi kalori dengan komposisi seimbang perludipertimbangkan pemilihan makanan sustainable terkait isu ketahanan pangan,keanekaragaman hayati dan kelestarian ekologi. Manajemen diet melalui aplikasitelepon pintar dapat menjadi solusi alternatif untuk meningkatkan efektivitastatalaksana obesitas. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan menilai efek dari dietrestriksi kalori seimbang-sustainable dibandingkan dengan diet restriksi kaloriseimbang yang diberikan melalui aplikasi EatsUp terhadap perubahan lingkar Kesimpulan : Intervensi diet restriksi kalori seimbang-sustainable yang diberikanmelalui aplikasi selama 8 minggu dapat menurunkan lingkar pinggangdibandingkan dengan diet restriksi kalori seimbang, namun tidak dapatmenurunkan inflamasi yang ditandai dengan kadar TNF-α serum. Promosikesehatan mengenai diet seimbang-sustainable diperlukan untuk mencegahkonsekuensi obesitas lebih lanjut. Penelitian lebih lanjut diharapkan dapatdilakukan pada subjek dengan karakteristik yang berbeda dalam penerapan dietseimbang-sustainable."

"Prevalensi obesitas cenderung meningkat di berbagai belahan dunia sehingga dapat meningkatkan risiko kardiometabolik pada berbagai penyakit. Salah satu tata laksana obesitas yang paling efektif adalah modifikasi gaya hidup, yaitu pengaturan diet. Penelitian ini merupakan studi pendahuluan dengan desain uji klinis acak tersamar ganda, paralel, dua kelompok, bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi serat larut dan diet rendah kalori seimbang (DRKS) selama 4 minggu berturut-turut terhadap berat badan (BB), kadar kolesterol highdensity lipoprotein (HDL) dan trigliserida (TG) serum pada subyek obes I usia 30-50 tahun. Berdasarkan kriteria inklusi, didapatkan 31 subyek yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, 15 orang kelompok perlakuan (KP) mendapat DRKS 1200 kkal/hari dan psyllium husk (PH) 8,4 g/hari, dan 16 orang kelompok kontrol (KK) mendapat DRKS 1200 kkal/hari dan plasebo. Sebanyak 28 subyek menyelesaikan penelitian ini. Suplementasi PH ditoleransi dengan baik dan tidak ada efek samping yang serius. Jumlah asupan energi total subyek KP 1130,9 ± 221,9 kkal/hari lebih tinggi signifikan (p = 0,02) daripada KK 1024,3 ± 269,9 kkal/hari. Asupan serat subyek rendah; KP 17,2 ± 2,8 dan KK 8,6 (5,2−15,2) g/hari, walaupun dengan suplementasi PH. Penurunan BB dan peningkatan kadar kolesterol HDL serum sedikit lebih banyak tidak signifikan pada KP (-1,8 ± 0,8 kg dan 0,0 ± 4,3 mg/dL) dibandingkan KK (-1,6 ± 0,9 kg dan -0,4 ± 5,9 mg/dL). Penurunan kadar TG serum KP -1,5 (-416−77) mg/dL lebih rendah tidak signifikan dibandingkan dengan KK -10,0 ± 31,3 mg/dL. Pada penelitian ini belum dapat dibuktikan suplementasi PH 8,4 g/hari dan DRKS 1200 kkal/hari dibandingkan DRKS 1200 kkal/hari saja selama 4 minggu berturut-turut lebih baik dalam menurunkan BB dan mempengaruhi kadar kolesterol HDL dan TG serum pada subyek obes I.

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The prevalence of obesity has been increasing globally, thus it likewise made an escalation the risk of cardio metabolic diseases. One method to encounter obesity is lifestyle modification such as the diet. This research was a preliminary study with double blinded randomized clinical trial, parallel, two groups, aims to understand the effects of soluble fiber suplementation and low calorie balanced diet (LCBD) on weight, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglycerides serum for obese I subjects age 30-50 years, for four weeks successively. Base on inclusion criteria, 31 subjects are divided into two groups, 15 subjects for treatment (T) receive 1200 kcal/day of LCBD and 8,4 g/day of psyllium husk (PH) and 16 subjects for control (C) receive 1200 kcal/day of LCBD and placebo. 28 subjects accomplish this research. PH suplement were being tolerate decently, and no serious side effect developed. Total energy intake from all T subjects were 1130,9 ± 221,9 kcal, significantly higher (p = 0,02) than C subjects 1024,3 ± 269,9 kcal/day. Subjects intake of fibers were low, even adding PH supplementation; 17,2 ± 2,8 for T subjects and 8,6 (5,2-15,2) g/day for C subjects. Weight loss and HDL cholesterol serum level enhancement were insignificantly higher on T subjects (-1,8 ± 0,8 kg and 0,0 ± 4,3 mg/dL) compared to C subjects (-1,6 ± 0,9 kg and -0,4 ± 5,9 mg/dL). TG serum level derivation on T subjects are -1,5 (-416−77) mg/dL insignificantly lower than C subjects -10,0 ± 31,3 mg/dL. This research has still yet able to prove that suplementation of PG 8,4 g/day and LCBD 1200 kcal/day in compare to only 1200 kcal/day of LCBD and placebo in 4 weeks consecutively are better in weight loss and affect the level of HDL cholesterol and TG serum on obese I subjects."