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Ditemukan 14 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query
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Benyamin Lufpi
Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Budaya Universitas Indonesia, 2000
T4093
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Fina Amelia
Abstrak :
Peningkatan jumlah penderita penyakit filariasis yang terus terjadi di Kota Tangerang Selatan sejak tahun 2002 hingga tahun 2008 dan nilai Mfrate yang masih berkisar antara 1,2% - 2,4% menunjukkan bahwa derajat endemisitas filariasis cukup tinggi sehingga risiko penduduk di lokasi tersebut untuk tertular filariasis lebih besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko lingkungan yang berhubungan dengan kejadian filariasis. Pendekatan penelitian adalah kuantitatif dengan metode kasus kontrol dengan total 106 orang responden. Faktor lingkungan yang, diteliti adalah suhu, kelembaban, dinding rumah, plafon, penggunaan kawat kassa, keadaan ruangan, sampah, keberadaan semak, tempat perindukan nyamuk, pengetahuan, sikap, kebiasaan menggunakan obat nyamuk, kelambu dan keluar rumah saat malam hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 7 variabel berhubungan dengan kejadian filariasis, yaitu dinding rumah (p=0,004; OR 6,0), plafon (p=0,000; OR 10,5), penggunaan kawat kassa (p=0,000; OR 8,55), keadaan ruangan (p=0,001; OR 9,006), sampah (p=0,023; OR 3,84), tempat perindukan nyamuk (p= 0,001; OR 5,68), dan kebiasaan keluar malam hari (p=0,033; OR 3,35). Hasil analisis multivariat didapatkan faktor yang paling dominan adalah plafon rumah, penggunaan kawat kassa, dan tempat perindukan nyamuk. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa faktor lingkungan buatan, yaitu kondisi rumah, sampah dan tempat perindukan nyamuk, serta faktor lingkungan sosial berupa kebiasaan masyarakat keluar rumah saat malam hari berhubungan dengan kejadian filariasis di Kota Tangerang Selatan. Perlu adanya kebijakan kesehatan dari Pemerintah Kota Tangerang Selatan terkait penyakit filariasis yang berkenaan dengan intervensi faktor lingkungan, terutama kondist rumah masyarakat dan sanitasi lingkungan. ......An increasing number of filariasis cases that occured in South Tangerang City since 2002 until 2008 and also the value of Mf rate between 1.2% - 2.4% indicating that the degree of endemicity of filariasis is high enough. That situation increase the risk the local population to contract filariasis. This study aim to identify the environmental risk factors associated with the occurrence of filariasis. This is a quantitative research approach with case-control design, and involved 106 respondents. Environmental factors that had been studied are the house walis, ceilings, the use of wire gauze, room conditon, garbage, the existence of a bush, mosquitoes breeding places, respondent’s knowledge, respondent’s attitudes, respondent’s habits using insect repellent, mosquito nets and go out at night. The results showed seven variables associated with the incidence of filariasis, the wall of the house (p=0,004, OR 6,0), ceiling (p=0,000, OR 10,5), the use of wire gauze (p=0,000, OR 8,55), room condition (p=0,001; OR 9,006), garbage (p~0,023, OR 3,84), mosquitoes breeding places (p=0,001, OR 5,68), and the habit of going out at night (p=0,033; OR 3,35). The results of multivariate analysis showed that the most dominant factor is the ceiling of the house, the use of wire gauze, and mosquito breeding places. Based on the results of this study concluded that man-made environmental factors, specifically the condition of the house, garbage and mosquito breeding places, and social environmental factors such as customs of the society to go out at night related to the occurrence of filariasis in the South Tangerang city. Government of South Tangerang City need to make a filariasis-related health policy associated with intervention to environmental factors, particularly public housing conditions and environmental sanitation.
Jakarta: Sekolah Ilmu Lingkungan Universitas Indonesia, 2010
T33558
UI - Tesis Open  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Judhiastuti Februhartanty
Abstrak :
Although iron is the most abundant element ¡n the universe , anemia is still the most prevalent nutritional disorders worldwide including in Indonesia. Among other approaches of combating iron deficiency anemia, iron supplementation is known to be the simplest and most effective way in improving iron status. This study is aimed to investigate the effect of iron supplementation given during menstruation as compared with weekly administration using the same dosage and number of iron tablets. The findings of this study are reported in three parts. Part I contains introduction which consists of background, problem statement and rationale, literature review, causal model, hypotheses, objectives, variables and indicators. This part supports the idea of the study. Manuscript for publication that covers main methods and findings of this study ¡s presented in part Il. The last part is appendices which comprise questionnaires, detailed methodology, detailed results, informed consent and ethical approval, references, Asia Pacific Journal of Chnical Nutrition?s guidelines for contributors, and curriculum vitae.
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 1999
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UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Arnelia
Abstrak :
Follow-up study of severely malnourished children during early chIldhood have been carried out in Bogor, Indonesia. The aim of the study is to investigate the long-term effects of severe malnutrition during early childhood on intelligence level and physical growth of school-age children. Fifty six children recovered from severe malnutrition after rehabilitation at NRDC outpatient clinic in Bogor for six months and fifty six well-nourished children matching for age, sex and some socioeconomic condition were included in the study. Weight and height measurement were conducted in 1991 when they were under-five years of age and in 1998 when they were nine to 13 years of age. Psychological test using the WISC were carried out in 1998. Intelligence level of the children suffered from severe malnutrition during early childhood were lower 11.34 1Q point compared to the children who did not Those who were rehabilitated at younger age had significantly higher 10 scores compared to those of older age before the age of 18 months. The more severe the children at admission to the clinic, the lower their IQ level. Previously malnourished group Were signifiCt1Y shorter than match control group. Only little catch-up were observed at 5fooI-ag6 among previously malnourished children. Those wto came to rehabilitation clinic at older age tend to have the better improvement on physical growth compared to those who came during infancy.
1999
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UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Supardiyono
Abstrak :
Five Dayak ethnic groups : Iban, Tamambaloh, Kantu', Bukat and Punan are residing inside the Bentuang Karimun National Park and its vicinity. Most Dayak members are earning their life as farmers, hunters, poachers and collective of forest products either for commercial or personal purposes. They live harmoniously with their surrounding. Research on "Biodiversity of plants and the utility of landscape by communities of Dayak ethnics at Bentuang Karimun National Park and its vicinity", were carried out from November 1996 to May I997. The result had been presented in a thesis, which is composing of two subjects. First subject, concerning with "The indigenous knowledge and the landscape usage of the Dayak". This study is separated into two consecutive chapters. Data were collected by using exploration and square methods. Diversity index are obtained by using Shanon & Wiener formula 1949 (Kreb, 1989); Equation of plant community are calculated using Jaccard (Greig-Smith, 1983) and Cluster analysis is performanced by Ludwig & Reynolds formulation (1988). The result of the research shows that each ethnic group has particular characteristic as follows :
a. Housing
Sadap village (Dayak Iban), and Sungai Ulu' Palin ViIIage (Dayak Tamambaloh) have long and single house. The other villages such as Nanga Potan (Dayak Kantu'), Along Hovat (Dayak Bukat) and Nanga Bungan (Dayak Punan) do not have. Sadap village is the only village that has water pipe system, while other four villages do not. They get water from the river and from the rain water for drinking. At Along Hovat and Nanga Bungan village, the road has been made from concrete base, while the other three villages have not. Sungai Ulu' Palin village of the Dayak ethnic has the highest population, which. consisted of 92 families or 403 persons, while Nanga Potan village of the Dayak has the lowest, which consisted only 10 families or 45 persons.
b. Home garden
Based on the plant composition of the home garden at the five villages we visited that the Dayak practice different type of home garden . At Sadap village and Sungai Ulu' Palin village : the Iban and Tamambaloh prefer to grow industrial plants such as rubber Ffevea brasilliensis), while at Nanga Potan and along Hovat : Kantu' and Bukat prefer to grow fruits plants, such as jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) and durian (Dario zibethinus). However, the Punan at Nanga Bungan does not practice home garden , therefore, there is no any special plants in their garden.
c. Variaton of plants at the active field
Generally, at the five villages there are about 27 varieties of glutinous rice and 77 varieties of rice. Beside the main plant, they also grew the supplementary plants such as cucumber (Cucumis melo), cassava (Manihot esculenta), egg plant (Soiwnan sp.), small chili (Capsicum frutescens), "katuk" (Sauropus albicans), ginger (Zingiber officinale) and "paria" (Momordica charantia).
d. Vegetation of the abandoned field.
The composition of the plants at the abandoned garden has variation. The abandoned garden for 1 - 5 years were dominated by wild plants such as Themeda gigantea and Melastoma malabathricum. The abandoned garden for 5 - 10 years, were dominated by secondary plants such as Macaranga gigantea, A. trilaba, M lapadanta, and Threma orientalis. The abandoned field of more than 20 years are primarily dominated by Dipterocarpaceae.
e. Cluster analysis
Based on what we observed , we categorize three stages of growth such as "belta" , "trees", and "seedling" stadium on the field. There is an indication that the factor of human activities influence the plant's growth. Second subject, "Me indigenous knowledge and the utility of plant diversity of Dayak ethnic at the Bentuang Km-isms National Park and its vicinity". The purpose of the research was to study how the communities around the National Park benefing the landscape of the park. The data obtained by interviewing members of the community. a. The using of plants
Categorization of plant use in five villages communities :
1. Edible plants : consisted of 129 species, 94 genus, and 42 families.
2. Housing materials : consisted of 63 species. 21 genus_ and 14 families.. And tfor agricultural tool consisted of 23 species, 13 genus, and 9 families.
3. Medicinal purposes : consisted of 55 species. 51 genus. and 34 families,
4. Ceremonials and rituals : consisted of 21 species, 19 genus, and 17 families.
5. Clothing : consisted of 7 species, 6 genus, and 5 families.
6. Utensils,rope and braid consisted of 27 species. 14 genus, and 9 families.
7. Dyes : consisted of 7 species, 7 genus, and 6 families.
8. Firewood consisted of 19 species, 11 genus and 9 families
9. Ornamental or decoration : consisted of 7 species, 6 genus, and 5 families.
10. Poison and toxic ingredient : consisted of 4 species, 3 genus, and 2 families.
b. The indigenous knowledge
The indigenous knowledge of plants of the communities among the ethnics shows varies from one to another. The differences in the knowledge between those of the male and those of the female were tested using the proportional test.
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 1999
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UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Muhamad Firman Wahyudi
Abstrak :
Latar belakang. Spermatozoa harus mempunyai motilitas yang baik agar dapat tercapainya fertilisasi alami. Gangguan pada kelenjar assesori pria merupakan salah satu penyebab astenozoospermia, namun pemeriksaan pada kelenjar assesori pria jarang dilakukan. Kadar asam sitrat dalam plasma seminalis paling besar bila dibandingkan hasil sekresi kelenjar assesori lainnya, hal ini mendasari peneliti untuk melakukan penelitian terhadap asam sitrat dan produk utama yang dihasilkan kelenjar prostat lainnya yaitu fosfatase asam. Asam sitrat diduga berperan dalam proses viskositas, pH semen sehingga dapat mempengaruhi motilitas sperma, fosfatase asam diduga mempengaruhi pula motilitas sperma serta turut berperan dalam menjaga keseimbangan pH semen. Metodologi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang pada 57 sampel seminal plasma. Didapatkan 30 sampel seminal plasma kelompok motilitas normal dan 27 sampel seminal plasma kelompok astenozoospermia. Pemeriksaan pada analisa semen standar didapatkan viskositas, pH , volume, motilitas dan konsentrasi spermatozoa. Pemeriksaan kadar asam sitrat pada plasma seminalis dengan metode Flint, dan pemeriksaan aktivitas fosfatase asam pada seminal plasma menggunakan metode spektrofotometri. Hasil. Hasil perbandingan volume semen, konsentrasi sperma dan kadar asam sitrat pada sampel plasma seminalis dengan astenozoospermia lebih rendah dibandingkan sampel plasma seminalis dengan motilitas normal, sebaliknya hasil pebandingan viskositas dan aktivitas fosfatase asam pada sampel plasma seminalis dengan astenozoospermia lebih tinggi dibandingkan sampel plasma seminalis dengan motilitas normal. Hasil pemeriksaan pH pada kedua kelompok sampel menunjukkan kecenderungan karakteristik yang sama pada kedua kategori. Hasil perbandingan nilai rerata kadar asam sitrat pada semua kategori konsentrasi sperma menunjukkan kadar lebih rendah pada sampel plasma seminalis dengan astenozoospermia dibandingkan dengan kelompok motilitas normal, sebaliknya pada hasil perbandingan nilai rerata aktivitas fosfatase asam pada semua kategori konsentrasi sperma menunjukkan kadar lebih tinggi pada sampel plasma seminalis dengan astenozoospermia dibandingkan dengan kelompok motilitas normal. Kesimpulan. Kadar asam sitrat, volume dan konsentrasi dalam plasma seminalis pada sampel astenozoospermia lebih rendah dibandingkan sampel dengan motilitas normal, perbedaan ini signifikan secara statistik. Begitupun pada semua tingkat konsentrasi sperma nilai rerata kadar asam sitrat pada sampel astenozoospermia memiliki kecenderungan lebih rendah dibandingkan sampel dengan motilitas normal, perbedaan ini tidak signifikan secara spesifik. Aktivitas fosfatase asam dan viskositas pada sampel plasma seminalis dengan astenozoospermia lebih tinggi dibandingkan sampel dengan motilitas normal, perbedaan ini signifikan secara statistik, pada semua tingkat konsentrasi sperma aktivitas fosfatase asam pada plasma seminalis dengan astenozoospermia memiliki kecenderungan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan motilitas normal namun perbedaan ini tidak signifikan secara statistik. Penelitian ini menunjukkan kadar asam sitrat dan aktivitas fosfatase asam tidak mempengaruhi spermatogenesis.
Background. Spermatozoa should have good motility in order to achieve a natural fertilization. Assesori male gland disorders are one of the causes astenozoospermia, but examination of the gland assesori rare Citric acid levels in the seminal plasma of the most substantial when compared to the results of other assesori gland secretions, it is the underlying researchers to conduct research on citric acid and primary products other prostate gland that is acid phosphatase. Citric acid is thought to play a role in the process viscosity, pH cement that can affect sperm motility, acid phosphatase is also thought to affect sperm motility as well as play a role in maintaining the pH balance of the semen. Methodology. This study used a cross-sectional design of the 57 samples of seminal plasma. Obtained 30 samples of seminal plasma of normal motility group and 27 samples of seminal plasma astenozoospermia group. Examination of the standard semen analysis obtained viscosity, pH, volume, motility and concentration of spermatozoa. Examination of citric acid levels in seminal plasma by the method of Flint, and examination of acid phosphatase activity in seminal plasma using spectrophotometric method. Result. The results of the comparison semen volume, sperm concentration and citric acid levels in seminal plasma samples with astenozoospermia lower than the seminal plasma samples with normal motility, otherwise Comparing the results of viscosity and acid phosphatase activity in seminal plasma samples with astenozoospermia higher than the seminal plasma samples with normal motility. PH probe results in both sample groups showed a trend similar characteristics in both categories. The results of comparison of the average levels of citric acid in all categories sperm concentration showed lower levels in seminal plasma samples with astenozoospermia compared with normal motility, whereas the mean value of the comparison results of acid phosphatase activity in all categories sperm concentration showed higher levels in seminal plasma samples with astenozoospermia compared with normal motility. Conclusion. Citric acid content, volume and concentration in seminal plasma on astenozoospermia sample was lower than samples with normal motility, this difference was statistically significant. Likewise at all levels of sperm concentration of citric acid levels mean value in astenozoospermia samples have a lower propensity than samples with normal motility, this difference was not significant specifics. Acid phosphatase activity and viscosity in the seminal plasma samples with astenozoospermia higher than samples with normal motility, these differences are statistically significant, at all levels of sperm concentration of acid phosphatase activity in seminal plasma with astenozoospermia have a higher tendency than normal motility, but this difference was not statistically significant. This study showed levels of citric acid and acid phosphatase activity does not affect spermatogenesis.
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2014
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UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Triyana Sari
Abstrak :
LATAR BELAKANG: Metode preparasi spermatozoa yang sering digunakan untuk reproduksi berbantu saat ini adalah metode swim-up dan density-gradient centrifugation. Namun demikian masih banyak didapatkan pertentangan mengenai metode mana yang lebih aman dan dapat menyeleksi spermatozoa dengan kualitas yang lebih baik. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan penilaian kembali pada kedua metode preparasi spermatozoa tersebut terutama dalam hal menyeleksi spermatozoa dengan tingkat integritas DNA tinggi dan apoptosis yang rendah. BAHAN DAN CARA KERJA: Sampel berjumlah 15 pasien yang menjalani preparasi spermatozoa untuk program inseminasi intra uterus di Klinik Yasmin RSCM Kencana, Jakarta. Sampel diambil sebelum dan setelah pencucian spermatozoa untuk dilakukan pemeriksaan konsentrasi dan motilitas spermatozoa menggunakan Makler®. Tingkat integritas DNA spermatozoa dinilai dengan indeks fragmentasi DNA spermatozoa (IFD) yang dilakukan dengan metode SCD. Pemeriksaan konfirmasi berupa viabilitas spermatozoa dengan eosin-Y dan analisis ekspresi protein kaspase 3 dilakukan dengan western blot yang dilanjutkan dengan analisis densitas pita kaspase 3 menggunakan ImageJ. HASIL: Penelitian ini menunjukkan penurunan tidak bermakna pada kelompok IFD > 15% dan peningkatan tidak bermakna pada kelompok IFD ≤ 15%. Ditambah pula, rerata viabilitas spermatozoa menunjukkan peningkatan tidak bermakna setelah pencucian. Aktivitas kaspase menunjukkan penurunan densitas tidak bermakna setelah dilakuan pencucian. Metode preparasi DGC dan SU dapat meningkatkan spermatozoa progresif dan viabilitas spermatozoa serta menurunkan aktivitas kaspase 3. KESIMPULAN: Metode swim-up dan density-gradient centrifugation berhasil menyeleksi spermatozoa dengan tingkat apoptosis dan fragmentasi DNA yang rendah. Metode DGC lebih baik daripada SU dalam hal penurunan aktivitas kaspase.
BACKGROUND: The common methods for sperm preparation prior to assisted reproductive technique are swim-up (SU) and density gradient centrifugation (DGC). However, controversies regarding advantages and disadvantages of these two methods have been reported by many studies. The aim of this study was to reevaluate both methods in selecting better sperm in term of their quality, DNA integrity and apoptotic levels. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Fifteen samples from insemination patients at Klinik Yasmin RSCM Kencana, Jakarta were used in this study. Samples were taken before and after preparation with SU and DGC. Makler® counting chamber and Eosin Y staining were used to analyze motility and viability, respectively. Sperm chromatin dispersion assay was used to determine sperm DNA integrity, while apoptotic levels was determined by Western immunoblotting. RESULTS: This study showed no significant decrease in the group IFD> 15% and a non-significant increase in group IFD ≤ 15% after preparation with SU and DGC. Plus, the average viability of spermatozoa showed improvement after preparation with SU and DGC. Caspase activity was lower when spermatozoa was prepared with SU. DGC and SU preparation method can improve progressive motility and viability of spermatozoa and reduce the caspase activity. CONCLUSIONS: Both swim-up and density-gradient centrifugation selected better sperm motility and viability. Furthermore. these two methods separated spermatozoa with low level of apoptotic and higher DNA integrity. DGC method is better than SU in reduce caspase activity
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
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UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Azwan Nurdin
Abstrak :
Ruang lingkup dan cara penelitian : Penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal dapat menyebabkan beberapa efek samping, salah satunya adalah tromboemboli. Penetapan kadar F 1.2 dapat dipergunakan untuk menentukan resiko terjadinya tromboemboli karena kadar yang tinggi dari senyawa peptida ini menunjukkan adanya aktivasi sistem koagulasi. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah mengukur kadar F 1.2 pada akseptor implan levonorgestre yang telah menggunakannya > 4 tahun dengan menggunakan metode ELISA. Tujuan lain dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan antara kadar F 1.2 dengan umur, lama pemakaian implan levonorgestrel dan besarnya paritas pada akseptor. Penelitian Cross Sectional ini dilakukan pada 100 akseptor yang telah memakai implan selama 4 tahun atau lebih. Subjek penelitian diambil dari Klinik Keluarga Berencana Pulogadung-Jakarta. Sebelum pengambilan darah tidak diperlukan persiapan khusus atau puasa yang dilakukan pada akseptor. Hasil dan Kesimpulan : Rentang kadar F 1.2 dari seluruh akseptor berkisar antara 0,06 - 9,69 nM. Pada 31 akseptor didapatkan kadar F 1.2 lebih tinggi dari 1,7 nM, yaitu kadar tertinggi yang didapatkan pada orang Indonesia sehat. Pada 24 akseptor dari 31 akseptor tersebut, kadar F 1.2 ternyata lebih tinggi dari 2,78 nM , yaitu kadar tertinggi yang didapatkan pada kelompok Caucasia sehat. Tujuh belas akseptor dari 24 akseptor tersebut diatas, memiliki kadar F 1.2 yang lebih tinggi dari 4,2 nM yang merupakan kadar rata-rata pada kasus tromboemboli. Hasil Spearman test, tidak didapatkan hubungan antara kadar F 1.2 terhadap umur, lama pemakaian implan levonorgestrel dan besarnya paritas. Kesimpulan pemeriksaan pada 100 akseptor implan levonorgestrei, didapatkan 24 % akseptor dengan kadar F 1.2 yang tinggi yang dapat menunjukkan adanya aktivasi sistem koagulasi. Karena hanya merupakan cross sectional studi tanpa kontrol, maka belum dapat menerangkan apakah kadar F 1.2 yang tinggi ini disebabkan karena penggunaan implan. Untuk itu masih diperlukan penelitian prospektif acak terkontrol penentuan kadar F 1.2 serta aktivitas AT III, Tidak didapatkan hubungan antara kadar F 1.2 dengan umur, lama pemakaian implan dan paritas. ......The Levels of Prothrombin Fragmenti.2. (F 1.2 ) Among Levonorgestrel Implant UsersScope and Method of Study : The use of hormonal contraceptives has some potential side effects, one of them is thromboembolism. The levels of F 1.2 can be used to determine the risk of thromboembolism because the high level of this peptide can indicates that there is an activation of coagulation system. The main objective of this study was to find out the level of F 1.2 among the levonorgestrel implant users by mean of an ELISA method. The other objectives were to know the correlation between the levels of F 1.2 with age, duration of use the implant, and the parity of the acceptors. The study was done in 100 acceptors who had been using these implants for four years or more. The subjects were recruited from the Family Planning Clinic Pulogadung - Jakarta. No special preparation or fasting of the acceptors is needed. Results and Conclusions : The range of F 1.2 levels of all acceptors was between 0.06 - 9.69 nM, while in 31 acceptors the levels were higher than the upper limit level previously found in healthy Indonesian subjects (1.7 nM). In 24 out of 31 acceptors, the levels of F 1.2 were higher than the upper limit level of normal value in a Caucasian population (2.78 nM). In 17 out of 24 acceptors the levels of F 1.2 were higher than 4.2 nM, which was the mean level detected in thromboembolic cases reported previously. Using the Spearmans test, it was evident that there was no correlation between F 1.2 levels and age, the duration of implant use, and the parity of the acceptors. Conclusions, among 100 levonorgestrel implant acceptors, 24 % of them showed high F 1.2 levels that could indicate the activation of coagulation system. Based on these limited data which was done only through a cross sectional study without control, the high F 1.2 levels could not be interpreted as the cause by of the implant. A further prospective randomized controlled study, is need to find out the correlation between F 1.2 level and AT III is needed. No correlations were observed between F 1.2 levels and age, duration of implant use, and parity.
Depok: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 1998
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Erwinanto
Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Prolaps uteri merupakan kondisi yang sering dialami oleh perempuan dan dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup. Penyebab prolaps uteri multifaktorial, pada umumnya berupa faktor klinis.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya variasi gen berupa mutasi gen HOXA11 dan COL3A1 pada penderita prolaps uteri, mengetahui adanya perbedaan ekspresi protein HOXA11, COL3A1, COL1A1, MMP2, MMP9, TIMP, dan p53 pada penderita prolaps uteri dibandingkan pada perempuan tanpa prolaps uteri, serta mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan prolaps uteri.Studi potong lintang ini melibatkan 22 pasien prolaps uteri dan 22 tanpa prolaps uteri mulai Juni 2016 sampai Februari 2017 di RSUP dr. Kariadi Semarang. Dilakukan pencatatan data karakteristik berupa usia, paritas, IMT dan berat lahir bayi. Dilakukan pemeriksaan sekuens DNA gen HOXA11 dan Col3A1, pemeriksaan imunohistokimia pada ligamentum sakrouterina untuk menilai ekspresi protein HOXA11, COL1A1, Col3A1, MMP2, MMP9, TIMP, dan p53 pada perempuan menopause dengan prolaps uteri dan tanpa prolaps uteri.Tidak didapatkan variasi berupa mutasi gen HOXA11 pada perempuan dengan prolaps uteri sepanjang fragmen yang digunakan untuk sekuensing DNA. Didapatkan mutasi pada gen COL3A1 pada 10 pasien dengan prolaps uteri dan 6 pasien tanpa prolaps uteri p = 0,719 sepanjang fragmen yang digunakan untuk sekuensing DNA. Ekspresi protein COL1A1, MMP-9 dan p53 lebih tinggi pada kelompok prolaps p < 0,05 . Rerata usia, rerata paritas dan rerata berat lahir bayi, berbeda secara uji statistik pada kedua kelompok.Pada fragmen yang diperiksa tidak didapatkan mutasi gen HOXA11, namun didapatkan mutasi gen COL3A1 pada penderita prolaps maupun perempuan tanpa prolaps uteri. Tampak adanya faktor internal yang berperan untuk terjadinya prolaps uteri selain berbagai faktor risiko klinis. Faktor eksternal berupa usia, berat bayi lahir, dan paritas memiliki hubungan dengan prolaps uteri. Kata kunci: COL1A1, COL3A1, faktor klinis, HOXA11, menopause, MMP2, MMP9, mutasi gen, p53, prolaps uteri, TIMP.
ABSTRACT
Uterine prolapse is a condition that decreases the quality of life of women. Multiple factors, mostly clinical, affect the course of uterine prolapse.The aims of the study were to investigate the genetic variation in the form of HOXA11 and Col3a2 gene mutations in women with uterine prolapse. This study also aimed to investigate different expression of HOXA11, COL3A1, COL1A1, MMP2, MMP9, TIMP, and p53 proteins in women with and without uterine prolapse, and to understand risk factors associated with uterine prolapse.A total of 44 women were enrolled in this cross sectional study, 22 of which with uterine prolapse and 22 others without uterine prolapse. This study was conducted between June 2016 and February 2017 in RSUP dr Kariadi, Semarang. demographic data including age, parity, BMI, and birth weight were recorded. HOXA11 and COL3A1 gene sequencing, immunohistochemistry testing of uterosacral ligament were conducted to assess HOXA11, COL1A1, COL3A1, MMP2, MMP9, TIMP, and p53 protein expressions.A mutation in COL3A1 gene along the fragment used in DNA sequencing was found among 10 women with uterine prolapse and 6 women without uterine prolapse although this did not reach statistical significance p .719 . No genetic variation in the form of HOXA11 gene mutation was found in women with uterine prolapse. Higher expression of COL1A1, MMP 9 and p53 proteins were found in prolapse group p .05 . The average of age, parity, and birth weight in two groups were statistically different.Only the COL3A1 gene mutation was detected in women with and without uterine prolapse. Beside, various clinical factors, it was confirmed that some internal factors also play important role in the course of uterine prolapse. Examples of external factors are age, birth weight, and parity. Key word COL1A1, COL3A1, clinical factors, gen mutation, HOXA11, menopause, MMP2, MMP9, p53, TIMP, uterine prolapse.
2017
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Abstrak :
Endometriosis adalah kelainan ginekologis yang dimanifestasikan dengan adanya kelenjar dan sel endometrium yang berkembang di luar uterus. Endometriosis merupakan penyakit multifaktorial dimana faktor genetik dan lingkungan berinteraksi menyebabkan timbulnya penyakit ini. Beberapa penelitian telah melaporkan bahwa endometriosis merupakan penyakit yang terkait dengan hormon estrogen. Mekanisme kerja estrogen ditentukan oleh kuantitas dan aktivitas reseptor estrogen. Namun demikian analisa variasi genetik, ekspresi dan aktivitas estrogen reseptor sampai saat ini belum banyak diketahui. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa variasi genetik, ekspresi mRNA dan aktivasi ER pada jaringan endometriosis. Alel gen reseptor estrogen REα dan REβ dari 83 sampel penderita endometriosis dibandingkan dengan 76 kontrol menggunakan metoda PCR RFLP. Pengukuran ekspresi mRNA dari 18 jaringan penderita endometriosis dan 18 kontrol dilakukan dengan menggunakan metoda kuantitatif Real Time PCR (qRT-PCR). Pengukuran kadar estrogen serum (E2) dilakukan dengan metoda ELISA. Deteksi aktivasi ER dilakukan dengan uji fosforilasi reseptor estrogen β (serin 105) dengan metoda Western Blot. Hasil uji Chi-square ditemukan bahwa frekuensi alel A (normal) dan alel G (mutan) pada gen REα SNP rs9340799 dalam populasi berbeda bermakna (p=0,012) dan OR 1,772 dan kedua frekuensi alel dari hasil uji keseimbangan menurut Hardy-Weinberg berbeda bermakna (p = 0,003). Frekuensi alel (normal dan mutan) dalam populasi REα SNP rs2234693 tidak menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna dan seimbang dalam populasi. Frekuensi genotip pada SNP REβ rs4986938 pada endometriosis dibandingkan kontrol berbeda bermakna (p=0,015) dan OR 0,311 dengan populasi seimbang. Menurut keseimbangan Hardy-Weinberg dan frekuensi alel normal G dan alel mutan A juga berbeda bermakna (p=0,034) dan OR =0,438. Hasil pengukuran ekspresi mRNA menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan ekspresi ERβ 49,52 kali dibanding kontrol sedangkan REα tidak menunjukkan perbedaan dibandingkan kontrol. Kadar estradiol serum (E2) fase proliferasi tidak menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna dibanding kontrol. Hasil uji Spearman menunjukkan tidak ada korelasi kadar estradiol dengan ekspresi REα dan REβ (p>0,05). Fosforilasi ERβ pada Serin 105 menunjukkan penurunan pada kelompok endometriosis dibandingkan jaringan normal dengan perbandingan nilai intensitas pita yakni 0,1 pada endometriosis dan 4,2 pada kontrol. Sebagai kesimpulan, frekuensi alel A dan G gen REα berbeda bermakna pada SNP rs9340799 dan frekuensi alel di dalam populasi tidak seimbang. Distribusi genotip normal GG dan mutan AA serta frekuensi alel G dan alel A gen REβ berbeda bermakna pada SNP rs4986938. Ekspresi (mRNA) REβ lebih tinggi secara signifikans pada kelompok endometriosis dibandingkan kontrol. Ekspresi protein Fosforilasi ERβ pada Serin 105 menunjukkan penurunan pada endometriosis dibandingkan jaringan normal. ......Endometriosis is a gynecological disorder that is manifested by the presence of endometrium glands and cells that grow and develop outside the uterus. Endometriosis is a multifactorial with genetic and environmental factors interacting to cause this disease. Several studies have reported that endometriosis is a disease associated with the hormone estrogen. The mechanism of action of estrogen depends on the quantity and activity of estrogen receptors. However, genetic variation, expression and estrogen receptor activation in endometriois patients have not been fully characterized. The aim of this study was to analyze genetic variation, ER expression and determine ER activation in endometriosis patients. This study determined the alleles of the estrogen receptor gene REα and REβ from 83 blood samples from endometriosis patients compared with 76 controls using the RFLP PCR method. Quatitative Real time PCR was used to analyze mRNA expression of REβ genes from 18 tissues with endometriosis and 18 controls. Measurement of serum estrogen (E2) levels was carried out using the ELISA method. Furthermore, the phosphorylation test of estrogen receptor (serin 105) was carried out using the Western Immunobloting method. The results of the Chi-square test found that the frequencies of the A (normal) allele and G (mutant) allele in the REα SNP gene rs9340799 in the population were significantly different (p=0.012) and OR 1.772 and the two allele frequencies from the results of the balance test according to Hardy-Weinberg were significantly different. (p = 0.003). Allele frequencies (normal and mutant) in the REα SNP population of rs2234693 did not show significant and balanced differences in the population. The genotype frequency of SNP REβ rs4986938 in endometriosis compared to control was significantly different (p=0.015) and OR 0.311 with a balanced population. According to the Hardy-Weinberg balance, the frequencies of the normal G allele and the mutant A allele were also significantly different (p=0.034) and OR=0.438. Erβ expression showed 49,52 folds increase compared to control (p=0.00), whereas ERα did not show a significat different compared to control. There was no different in serum estradiol (E2) levels compared to controls. The results of the Spearman test showed that there was no correlation between serum estradiol levels and the expression of REβ and REβ (p>0.05). Phosphorylation Ser105 of ERβ showed a decrease in the endometriosis group compared to control with a comparison of values of 0.1 and 4 2. As a conclusion, The A and G allele frequencies of the RE gen gene were significantly different in SNP rs9340799 and the allele frequencies in the population were not balanced. The distribution of normal genotypes of GG and AA mutants and the frequency of G allele and A allele of REβ gene were significantly different at SNP rs4986938. REβ (mRNA) expression was significantly higher in the endometriosis group than the control group. Phosphorylated ERβ protein expression in Serin 105 showed a decrease in endometriosis compared to normal tissue.
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2021
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