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"Aspergillus sp. dapat digunakan sebagai sumber senyawa bioaktif untuk menemukan obat-obatan baru antikanker. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas sitotoksik ekstrak Aspergillus sp. Aspergillus sp. diisolasi dari Halymenia durvillaei yang diambil dari Pantai Binuangeun, Banten Selatan. Aspergillus sp. dikultivasi selama empat minggu pada suhu 27--29°C dalam medium Malt Extract (ME) pada kondisi statis. Senyawa metabolit sekunder dari medium kultur (broth) diekstraksi dengan etil asetat (2:1) sedangkan dari miselium diekstraksi dengan campuran metanol dan n-heksan (1:1). Uji sitotoksik dilakukan menggunakan sel kanker payudara T47D dengan metode uji 3-[4,5-dimetilthiazol-2yl]-2,5-difeniltetrazolium bromide (MTT). Hasil ekstraksi diperoleh ekstrak broth dan miselium sebesar 18,30 g dan 0,93 g. Uji sitotoksik terhadap sel kaker payudara T47D dengan metode MTT menghasilkan nilai IC50 untuk ekstrak broth dan miselium sebesar 153,266 ppm dan 208,305 ppm.

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Many Aspergillus sp. were used as bioactive compound resources for obtaining a new anticancer. The aims of the research were to study cytotoxic activity of extract Aspergillus sp. againts Mammae Cancer Cell T47D. Aspergillus sp. was isolated from Halymenia durvillaei collected from Binuangeun Beach, South Banten. Aspergillus sp. was cultivated in medium ME (broth) for four weeks at room temperature at 27--29°C. Secondary metabolite produced from broth culture was extracted using ethyl acetate (2:1) and from the mycelium was sonicated followed by extraction using methanol and n-hexan (1:1). Cytotoxic assay of Mammae Cancer Cell T47D was carried out by 3-[4,5-dimetilthiazol-2yl]-2,5-difeniltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. The yield of extract from broth and mycelium were 18,30 g and 0,93 g, respectively. Cytotoxic assay of Mamae Cancer Cell T47D resulted of IC50 153,266 ppm and 208,305 ppm for broth and mycelium extract."

"L-glutaminase (L-glutamine amidohydrolase, EC 3.5.1.2) telah menarik perhatian para peneliti karena manfaatnya dalam industri farmasi dan makanan. Bakteri laut merupakan sumber penghasil L-glutaminase yang paling diminati, terutama untuk memperoleh L-glutaminase yang tahan garam. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan penapisan dan karakterisasi L-glutaminase ekstraselular yang dihasilkan oleh bakteri laut dari perairan Sangihe-Talaud, Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia. Penapisan L-glutaminase secara kualitatif menggunakan media cair (Padma, et.al., 2009) dan metode pengukuran aktivitas L-glutaminase dilakukan secara spektrofotometri berdasarkan metode Imada, et.al (1973). Identifikasi isolat murni dengan aktivitas L-glutaminase paling tinggi dilakukan menggunakan sekuensing gen 16S rRNA. Terdapat 7 isolat menunjukkan hasil positif L-glutaminase, satu diantaranya dengan aktivitas 147,99 U/L atau setara dengan aktivitas spesifik 62,32 Unit/mg dipilih untuk diidentifikasi lebih lanjut. Hasil sekuensing gen 16S rRNA isolat bakteri menunjukkan kemiripan 96% dengan Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain CG-T8. Parameter fisika yang mempengaruhi produksi L-glutaminase menunjukkan produksi optimum pada suhu 30 0C, kecepatan rotasi 100 rpm, pH media 6, dan konsentrasi starter inokulum 5%. Karakterisasi aktivitas L-glutaminase ekstraselular dari Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain CG-T8 (isolat II.1) menunjukkan kondisi optimum aktivitas enzim pada suhu 37-45 0C, dan pH 7. Aktivitas enzim stabil pada penambahan larutan NaCl hingga 8% dan aktivitasnya mulai berkurang pada penambahan larutan NaCl 16% dan 20% dengan aktivitas relatif berturut-turut mencapai 79,00% dan 74,22%. Pengaruh penambahan ion-ion logam seperti Mn2+, Mg2+, dan Co2+ menunjukkan kenaikan aktivitas, sedangkan pada penambahan ion logam Zn2+, Fe3+, dan Ca2+ aktivitas enzim menurun. Bobot molekul L-glutaminase berkisar 42 kDa dan 145 kDa.

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L-glutaminase (L-glutamine amidohydrolase, EC 3.5.1.2) has attracted much attention with respect to proposed applications in both pharmaceuticals and food industries. Salt-tolerant L-glutaminase produced by marine bacteria become the most desirable in food industry. The current work details the screening of L-glutaminase producing marine bacteria from Sangihe-Talaud Sea, in North of Sulawesi, Indonesia. Screening of L-glutaminase was done using a broth medium (Padma et.al., 2009) and measurement of L-glutaminase activity carried out by spectrophotometry (Imada, et.al., 1973). Identification of selected isolate was performed by analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence. There are seven isolates showed positive results of L-glutaminase, one of them with the activity 147.99 U/L, equivalent to the specific activity of 62.32 units / mg was selected for further study.

Bacterial identification based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing has revealed the isolate 96% similarity as Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain CG-T8. Optimization of physical parameters that affect the production of L-glutaminase production showed an optimum at 30 0C, 100 rpm, pH of medium 6, and with 5% of starter inoculum. Characterization of extracellular L-glutaminase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain CG-T8 (II.1 isolates) showed the enzyme activity was optimum at temperature 37-45 0C, and pH 7. The enzyme activity was stable in the addition of NaCl solution up to 8% and began to decrease on addition of NaCl solution 16% and 20% with relative activity consecutively 79.00% and 74.22%. The effect of metal ions such as Mn2+, Mg2+, and Co2+ showed increased enzyme activity, whereas the addition of others metal ions (Zn2+, Fe3+, and Ca2+) decreased the activity. The molecular weights of L-glutaminase was found around 42 kDa and 145 kDa."