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"Remaja Indonesia saat ini sedang mengalami peningkatan kerentanan terhadap berbagai ancaman risiko kesehatan terutama yang berkaitan dengan kesehatan seksual dan reproduksi termasuk peningkatan ancaman dari HIV/AIDS. Artikel ini membahas temuan penelitian yang dilakukan pada kurun waktu 2003-2004 terhadap remaja perkotaan di Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berbagai faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap perilaku seksual remaja dan kebutuhan akan layanannya, dalam rangka memberikan arahan kebijakan untuk meningkatkan layanan kesehatan seksual dan reproduksi remaja. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian penjelasan (explanatory research) dengan pendekatan belah lintang, melibatkan 2000 sampel remaja perkotaan usia 18-24 tahun yang berasal dari dua latar belakang sosial demografi yang berbeda di Propinsi Jawa Tengah. Masing-masing 1000 sampel diambil secara acak dari populasi kaum remaja yang bekerja dengan pendapatan rendah di pabrik, dan populasi kaum remaja kelas menengah dari para mahasiswa di perguruan tinggi. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei (wawancara dan angket/self administered). Teori Social Learning digunakan sebagai kerangka kerja analisis penelitian ini. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara umum pola risiko terhadap kesehatan seksual dan reproduksi pada remaja relatif rendah dibandingkan dengan negara lain. Hal ini diantaranya berhubungan dengan adanya karakter budaya di Jawa Tengah yang positif. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa faktor percaya diri merupakan faktor pengaruh yang paling kuat terhadap perilaku seksual remaja. Pengembangan kebijakan dan program yang mendatang seyogyanya ditujukan untuk mempertahankan nilai dan norma yang positif dari remaja, dengan meningkatkan rasa percaya diri mereka melalui layanan dan pendidikan kesehatan seksual dan reproduksi yang berbasis pada sekolah.

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Influences on Youth Sexual Behaviour in Central Java: Implication of Sexual and Reproductive Health Policy and Services. Indonesian youth nowadays have been experiencing an increasing vulnerability to various kind of health hazards specially related to reproductive and sexual health, including the growing threat of HIV/AIDS. This paper reports on findings from a study undertaken during the year 2003-2004 among urban youth in Central Java. The study seeks to identify factors influencing youth sexual behavior and their need for services, in order to derive practical policy for enhancing youth sexual and reproductive health services. The study involved a total of 2000 samples derived from a youth population, aged 18-24 years old. A group of 1000 samples was randomly selected from a working youth population through factory employers, whereas the other 1000 samples were from middle class youth among university students. Social learning theory was applied as a base of the conceptual framework of the study with quantitative surveys and qualitative methods The findings showed that the overall pattern of sexual and reproductive youth health risk were relatively low in comparison to that in many other countries, which was partly related to distinctive and positive characteristics of the culture of the community in Central Java. The findings also showed that self efficacy was the strongest influencing factor on youth sexual behavior. Future policies and program development should be addressed to the ways in maintaining young people?s positive norms and values in line with the existing culture and religion by enhancing their self efficacy through school-based sexual and reproductive health education and services. Advocacy should also be used continuously to address environmental constraints that impede the adoption of healthy reproductive health behavior."

"Di industri modern, kelelahan kerja adalah fenomena kompleks yang disebabkan berbagai faktor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berbagai faktor yang memengaruhi kelelahan pada pekerja mebel. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Februari ? Maret 2013 di suatu perusahaan mebel di Kabupaten Jepara. Penelitian ini adalah dengan desain potong lintang melibatkan 70 orang responden. Kelelahan kerja diukur menggunakan reaction timer, stres kerja diukur menggunakan General Health Questionnaire-12. Monoton kerja, kerja lembur, motivasi, konflik kerja diukur dengan wawancara. Status gizi diukur dengan indeks massa tubuh (IMT). Rata-rata intensitas kebisingan atau Level Equivalent diukur dengan sound level meter, penerangan lokal diukur dengan lux meter, iklim kerja dengan questemp, dan beban kerja diukur dengan denyut nadi. Data diuji dengan kai kuadrat dan multivariat dianalisis dengan visual partial least square. Kelelahan kerja dipengaruhi oleh umur (nilai p = 0,018), monoton kerja (nilai p = 0,053), dan konflik kerja (nilai p = 0,019). Menurut analisis multivariat, kelelahan kerja dipengaruhi langsung oleh konflik kerja, stres kerja, lingkungan fisik, dan kapasitas kerja. Secara tidak langsung, kelelahan kerja dipengaruhi motivasi melalui stres kerja dan melalui beban kerja dan stres kerja, beban kerja melalui stres kerja dan melalui kapasitas kerja. Faktor yang memengaruhi kelelahan kerja adalah konflik kerja, lingkungan fisik tempat kerja, kapasitas kerja, dan stres kerja.

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In modern industries, fatigue is complex phenomenon caused by various factors. This study aimed to find out the factors related to fatigue case of furniture workers. This study was conducted in February - March 2013 at a furniture company in Jepara. Desaign of this study was cross-sectional method with 70 respondents. Fatigue was measured using reaction timer, General Health Questionnaire-12 was used to measure psychological distress. Monotony, overtime work, motivation and conflict was measured using Penyebab Kelelahan Kerja pada Pekerja Mebel Factors Caused Fatigue among Furniture Workers Dina Lusiana Setyowati* Zahroh Shaluhiyah** Baju Widjasena** questionnaire. BMI was used to measure nutrition status. A daily noise Level equivalent was estimated using sound level meter; illumination was estimated using lux meter; heat stress was estimated using questemp and workload was estimated using heart rate. Data was analyzed using chi-square and multivariate was analyzed using visual partial least square program. Results of the research indicated that there was a relationship between age (p value = 0.018), monotonous (p value = 0.053), conflict at work (p value = 0.019) and fatigue. Multivariate analysis, which were conflict at work, stress of work, physical work environment and work capacity had a direct effect to the fatigue. Motivation had an indirect effect through stress at work and it had an indirect effect through the workload and stress at work. Physical workload had an indirect effect through stress at work to the fatigue and had an indirect effect through work capacity to the fatigue. The dominant factor related to fatigue is conflict at work, physical work environmental, work capacity and stress at work."

"Akumulasi kasus HIV/AIDS di Provinsi Jawa Tengah, tahun 1993-2008 adalah pada usia 20-24 tahun sekitar 12,54% dan usia 25-29 tahun sekitar 37,31% merupakan kategori remaja dan dewasa muda. Di kabupaten Magelang kasus HIV positif pada remaja mulai muncul tahun 2008 dan selalu muncul pada tahun berikutnya. Remaja sangat membutuhkan informasi tentang seksualitas dan peran ibu sangat penting. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui determinan perilaku ibu yang meliputi umur, pekerjaan, pendidikan, pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi remaja, persepsi kemampuan diri dan sikap dalam pendidikan seksualitas. Jenis penelitian adalah survei dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Populasi terjangkau adalah ibu yang mempunyai anak remaja berusia 10-14 tahun dan mengikuti program Bina Keluarga Remaja percontohan di Kabupaten Magelang. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan klaster sampling dan berjumlah 92 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji kai kuadrat dan analisis mulitivariat menggunakan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas ibu belum memberikan pendidikan seksualitas dengan baik. Variabel yang berhubungan adalah pendidikan ibu, pengetahuan ibu tentang kesehatan reproduksi remaja, persepsi kemampuan diri ibu dan sikap ibu. Persepsi kemampuan diri ibu merupakan variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap perilaku ibu dalam memberikan pendidikan seksualitas.

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Accumulation of HIV/ AIDS cases in Central Java province in 1993-2008 is at the age of 20-24 years at 12.54% and aged 25-29 years at 37.31% is the category of adolescent and young adults. In Magelang district HIV positive cases in adolescents began to emerge in 2008 and always appeared the following year. Adolescent need information about sexuality and the role of the mother is very important. This study aims to determine the determinant factors of mother (age, employment status, level of education, level of knowledge about adolescent reproductive health, self-perception and attitude) in providing sexuality education. This study was surveyed with cross sectional model. The population is mothers of adolescents aged 10-14 years and as member of Bina Keluarga Remaja program pilot in Magelang. The selection of samples using cluster sampling and numbered 92 people. Collecting data using a questionnaire. Bivariate analysis used chi squared test and multivariate used logistic regression. The results showed the majority of mother have not provided good sexuality education. There were relations between mother's education level, mother's level of knowledge about adolescent reproductive health, mother's perception and mother's attitudes with mother's behavior in providing sexuality education. Mother?s perception is the most influential variable on mother's behavior in providing sexuality education."

"ABSTRAKHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are serious diseases in the world in which one of transmission methods is through sexual intercourse. This study aimed to explain the influential host factors to the incidence of HIV/AIDS in key populations. The study was conducted in March-September 2016. The study was observational analytic with case-control design in key populations in Pati District. Cases were 53 patients living with HIV/AIDS, while controls were 53 patients not living with HIV/AIDS. The sampling technique employed was consecutive sampling. Data were obtained from medical records and interview questionaire. This study applied chi-square test to analyze bivariate data, and multiple logistic regression to analyze multivariate data. Results indicated that the influential factors to the incidence of HIV/AIDS in key populations were inconsistent condom use behavior, records of suffering from sexually-transmitted infections (STIs), and forms of sexual activity. While, factors which were not influential to the incidence of HIV/AIDS were multiple sex partner behavior, sex accessory use behavior, tattoo needle use behavior, injecting drug use behavior. In conclusion, several influential factors to the incidence of HIV/AIDS in key populations are the inconsistent condom use behavior, records of suffering from STIs, and forms of sexual activity."