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"Tujuan: mengetahui pengaruh pemberian diet rendah kalori seimbang yang dihitung berdasarkan defisit 1000 kkal/hari dari diet dan olahraga erobik yang disesuaikan dengan kemampuan maksimal berolahraga masing-masing individu terhadap berat badan (BB), indeks massa tubuh (MT), tebal lipatan Kulit total (TLK), massa lemak (ML), profil lipid, dan volume oksigen maksimal (VO2max).Tempat : Pusat kebugaran Fit'n Chic, Kelapa Gading.Metodologi : Setelah mendapat persetujuan etik dari Panitia Penilai Etik Penelitian, FKUI diperoleh 26 orang perempuan peserta program penurunan berat badan yang bersedia mengikuti penelitian Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental pre- dan pasca- tes dengan menggunakan subyek yang sama sebagai kontrol dan perlakuan. Masing-masing individu mendapat diet rendah kalori seimbang dan olahraga erobik selama 12 minggu. Diet rendah kalori seimbang diberikan berdasarkan pengurangan pemberian kalori/defisit sebesar 1000 kkal/hari dengan perhitungan diet dikurangi rata-rata antara 600 sampai dengan 800 kkal dan energi yang dikeluarkan selama olahraga erobik yang diprogramakan rata-rata antara 200 sampai dengan 400 kkal. Sebelum diberikan olahraga erobik dilakukan tes Cooper untuk menilai kemampuan maksimal masing-masing individu dalam berolahraga. Olahraga erobik diberikan dengan intensitas 60-80% kemampuan maksimal, frekuensi 5 kali seminggu, lama 60 menit. Diet yang diberikan rata-rata 900 - 1100 kkal/hari.Hasil : Terjadi penurunan berat badan secara bermakna (p < 0,05) dari 73,6 ± 11,17 kg menjadi 64,9 ± 10,08 kg (penurunan 11,81%); Penurunan IMT secara bermakna (p < 0,05) dari 29,62 ± 4,53 menjadi 26,10 ± 4.0 kg/m2 (perubahan 11,88%); Penurunan TLK secara bermakna (p < 0,05) dari 103,31 ± 18,39 mm menjadi 64,53 ± 14,13 mm (perubahan 37,54%); penurunan ML secara bermakna (p < 0,05) dari 35,60 ± 3,07 menjadi 24,96 ± 4,46 % (perubahan sebesar 29,89%); penurunan TG secara bermakna (p < 0,05) dari 126,23 ± 44,82 menjadi 109,89 ± 32,89 mg/dL (perubahan 12,94%); penurunan KT secara bermakna (p < 0,05) dart 206,15 ± 22,93 menjadi 182,12 ± 14,09 mg/dL (perubahan 11,66%); penurunan LDL secara bermakna (p < 0,05) dart 130,77 ± 25,11 menjadi 109,27 ± 17,83 mg/dL (perubahan sebesar 16,44%). Terjadi peningkatan VO2max secara bermakna (p < 0,05) dari 27,87 ± 2,75 menjadi 33,70 ± 2,75 ml/kg BB/min (perubahan 20,92%). Terjadi sedikit peningkatan HDL sebesar 0,62 mg/dL (1,24%) yang secara statistik tidak bermakna.Kesimpulan: Dengan diet rendah kalori seimbang dan olahraga erobik dengan dosis yang disesuaikan kemampuan masing-masing individu sangat efektif untuk menurunkan berat badan, IMT, tebal lemak bawah kulit, persentase massa lemak, memperbaiki profil lipid, dan meningkatkan VO2maks.

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Objective: To determine the effects of balanced LCD and endurance exercise with appropriate individual maximal capacity on body weight, body mass index (BM), total skin fold (TSF), percent body fat (BF), lipid profiles, and V02 maxLocation: Fit'n Chic fitness centre, Kelapa Gading.Methods: Twenty six overweight women were studied in a pre and post test, using control group as the same subjects as the treatment group. Subjects received a balanced LCD and endurance exercise for 12 weeks. Balanced LCD was given based on energy deficit 1000 kkal/day from diet and exercise. Deficit from diet was 600 to 800 kkal. The calorie from the diet was given within 900 - 1100 kkal/day and energy expenditure from endurance exercise was 200 to 400 kkal. All subject bad to undergo Cooper test for designing the intensity of the endurance program. Endurance exercise 60 - 80% V02max for 60 minutes, 5 days a week. The procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical Committee of the Department of Medicine, University of Indonesia.Results: Balanced LCD and endurance exercise, decreased body weight 8,7 kg (11,81%) (p< 0,05) from 73,6 ± 11,17 to 64,9 t 10,08 kg BM1 decreased 11,88% (p < 0,05) from 29,62 t 4,53 to 26,10 ±4.0 kglm2), TSF decreased 37,54% (p < 0,05) from 103,31 t 18,39 to 64,53 ± 14,13 mm , percent BF decreased 29,89% (p < 0,05) from 35,60 t 3,07 to 24,96 ± 4,46 % , TG decreased 12,94% (p < 0,05) from 126,23 t 44,82 to 109,89 t 32,89 mg/dL, total cholesterol decreased 11,66% (p < 0,05) from 206,15 ± 22,93 to 182,12 ± 14,09 mg/dL, LDL decreased 16,44% (p < 0,05) from 130,77 ±25,11 to 109,27 ± 17,83 mg/dL, VO2max increased significantly (p < 0,05) before 27,87 ± 2,75 , after 33,70 t 2,75 ml/kg BW/min (changed 20,92%). IIDL increased not significantly (p > 0,05) from 32 ± 14 to 37 ± 16 mg/dL. The balanced LCD and endurance exercise with exact dose appropriate to individual performance resulted in significant weight loss, reduced BMI, TSF, percent BF, and improved lipid profiles and VO2max."

"ABSTRAKTujuan : Untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian makanan tambahan yang berupa karbohidrat serta cairan dan elektrolit terhadap perubahan kemampuan fisik atlet.Tempat Pelatnas Dayung, Jatiluhur, PurwakartaRuang Lingkup dan Cara Penelitian : Perahu tradisional/perahu naga merupakan salah satu jenis olahraga yang sudah membawa harum nama bangsa Indonesia. Kemampuan fisik atlet yang prima dapat menunjang peningkatan prestasi, tetapi jika pertandingan dilakukan berulang-ulang dan dalam waktu yang relatif singkat maka prestasi tersebut akan menurun, oleh sebab itu dianjurkan memberikan makanan tambahan untuk mengurangi penurunan prestasi tersebut. Olahraga dayung (perahu tradisional/perahu naga) merupakan olahraga kombinasi antara ketahanan fisik (endurance) dan kekuatan serta kecepatan (power), maka sangat membutuhkan karbohidrat sebagai sumber energi utama. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian makanan tambahan yang berupa karbohidrat, cairan dan elektrolit terhadap perubahan kemampuan fisik. Penelitian ini merupakan suatu studi eksperimental pre- dan pasca- tes dengan menggunakan subjek yang sama sebagai kontrol dan perlakuan. Tes kemampuan fisik dilakukan di darat (tes dragon eigotneter dan tes lari metode Balke) dan di air (tes louring), pada saat perlakuan diberikan makanan tambahan (apel dan atau pisang) serta minuman karbohidrat dan elektrolit dengan jumlah asupan energi antara 404,18 - 415,19 Kkal sedangkan asupan karbohidrat antara 97,13 - 103,65 g.Hasil : Asupan karbohidrat sebelum perlakuan 59,7 % sedangkan sesudah perlakuan 61,4 %. Kadar ureum darah sesudah perlakuan (27,96 mgldL) lebih rendah daripada sebelum perlakuan (36,91 mg/dL), hingga juga kadar CK darah sesudah perlakuan (55,55 mg/L) lebih rendah daripada sebelum perlakuan (64,23 mg/L). Kadar hematokrit sesudah perlakuan (45,32 vol %) lebih rendah daripada sebelum perlakuan (46,50 vol %), begitu juga kadar Na darah sesudah perlakuan (142,23 mg/L) lebih rendah daripada sebelum perlakuan (145.50 mg/L), sedangkan kadar K darah sesudah perlakuan (4,35 mg/L) lebih tinggi daripada sebelum perlakuan (3,93 mg/L). Perubahan berat badan sesudah perlakuan (0,02 kg), lebih sedikit daripada sebelumnya (0,50 kg) dan dengan uji staristik didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna (p = 0,013). Dari hasil tes kemampuan fisik di darat maupun di air ternyata dengan pemberian makanan tambahan kecepatan awal dan akhir sesudah perlakuan lebih cepat daripada sebelum perlakuan, begitu juga waktu tempuh awal dan akhir sesudah perlakuan sesudah perlakuan lebih singkat daripada sebelum perlakuan.Kesimpulan : Pengaruh pemberian makanan tambahan dalam bentuk karbohidrat serta cairan dan elektrolit sangat berpengaruh terhadap simpanan karbohidrat mot, pencegahan dehidrasi. pencegahan penurunan prestasi pada pertandingan yang dilakukan berulang-ulang dan dalam waktu singkat serta dapat memenuhi kebumhan nutrisi makanan utama.

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ABSTRACT

objective

To identify the effects of carbohydrate, fluid and electrolyte of supplementary feeding on the performance of athletes. Jatiluhur National Training Center for Dragon boat, Purwakata.

Methods Dragon boat is one of the branches of sport, which has brought fame to Indonesia internationally. Athletes' physical performance very much enhances their sport performance. Taking part in races repeatedly, particularly in a short span of time will decrease their performance. However. Supplementary food can tackle this problem. Dragon boat is a sport which requires the combination of endurance and power. Therefore it demands carbohydrate as the main source of energy. The purpose of this research is to identify the effects of supplementary foods, either food or drink, such as carbohydrate, fluid and electrolyte on the physical changes of the athletes. It is a pre- and post-experimental test, using the control group as the same subjects as the treatment group. The physical performance test was conducted in land (dragon ergometer and running test of Balke Method), and on water (touring test). During those tests. administration of apples and 1 or bananas as supplementary food and sports drink containing carbohydrate, fluid and electrolyte were given

The energy intake ranged from 404,18 to 415,19 Kcal. The intake for carbohydrate was between 97.13 to 103,65 g.

Results : Carbohydrate intake before treatment was 59,7 % and after treatment was 61,4 %. Blood ureum level after treatment (27,96 mg/dL) was lower than before treatment (36,91 mg/dL). Blood creatine kinase level after treatment (55,55 mg/dL) was lower than before treatment (64,23 mg/dL). Hematocrite after treatment (45,32 vol %) was lower than before treatment (46,50 vol %). Sodium level after treatment (142,23 mg/L) was lower than before treatment (145,50 mg/L.). Potassium level after treatment (4,35 mg/L) was higher than before treatment (3,93 mg/dL). Changes of weight also accrued after treatment (0,02 kg), a little lower than before treatment (0,50 kg). By means of statistical test was found that the statistical significance was p = 0,013. The results of the physical performance test in land and on water have shown that supplementary feeding enhances the speed at the beginning and end of treatment than before the treatment. Also, the time distance needed at the beginning and the end of the races was shorter than before treatment.

Conclusions : Supplementary feeding in the form of carbohydrate, fluid and electrolyte has great influences on the storage of muscle carbohydrates, dehydration prevention, in the races which are carried out repeatedly in a short span of time. It can meet the nutrient requirement adequacy of main dish as well."

"ABSTRACTThere is a growing interest in physical fitness lately, for physical fitness is believed to be important throughout life, to develop and maintain functional capability, to meet the demands of living and to promote optimal health (ACSM, 1968.). Physical fitness implies health plus, that is the extent to which a child or an adult is free from illness and free to work or play with maximum vigor and endurance (HALSEY & FOSTER, 1973). The interest in the physical fitness of children has also been increasing since the past decade (BARR-OR, 1989). As a matter of fact, being physically fit is relative to the tasks in which the individual must engage. For physical fitness is mostly related to muscular work, it should be noted that some degree of muscular activity is indeed required in all kinds of work, even the most intellectual occupations. Therefore, its importance is undoubtedly true in all walks of life (ASTRAND & RODAHL, 1987). In order to attain the desired physical performance, i.e. being fit, the human body, a biological machine, needs food for fuel. It is thus logical to expect that nutrition may well play a role in physical performance (THITGEY, CATALDO, ROLFES, 1987). Some studies have indeed supported the assumption. SATYANARAYANA et al (1977) demonstrated the relationship between body size and work output in male industrial workers. Several other studies on young boys and adolescents showed similar relationship. The subjects, recorded as having been malnourished in their early childhood, failed to perform as expected (SATYANARAYANA et al, 1979; SPURR, et al, 1983). It is then generally considered that individuals with low body weight and height may not have reached their full genetic potential as a consequence of inadequate food intake in early childhood, leading to lower capacity to perform their daily tasks. While some findings have shown the adverse effect of under nutrition on the physical performance of the individuals later in life, little is known as to how far nutrition influences physical fitness during childhood. The idea is, the earlier the adverse effect is detected, and the sooner actions can be made. Unfortunately, data about this subject are scanty. Some experts, however, have put forward the emphasis on the well-being of a specific group - the school children, in particular those at elementary schools (ADAMS et al, 1961; AGARWAL et al, 1987). It has been long recognized that the elementary school period is the most decisive stage in a person's life as it is at this particular time that many important norms are implanted on the learners. Moreover, the elementary school years are nutritionally significant because this period is a preparation for the rapid growth of adolescence (Mc WILLIAMS, 1974; WENCK, BAREN, DEWAN, 1984). In the case of nutrition and physical fitness of elementary school children, the whole school community - parents, teachers, and school children -- is concerned. This is in line with the Alma Ata Declaration which states that people have the right and duty to participate individually and collectively in the planning and implementation of their healthy care (WHO, 1978). This concept has been adopted by the Indonesian government and it is reflected in the Indonesian National Health System (MINISTRY ON HEALTH R.I., 1982). The WHO-based declaration reflects the growing conviction that an individual choice of healthy lifestyle is the key factor and that emphasis should be placed on the positive actions that individuals and communities could take to maintain and promote health (STROOT, 1989). As a rule, healthy lifestyle is best to be taught during the elementary school period; but actions, nevertheless, can be expected when base-line information has been available. Only then it is hoped that parents will be convinced that "academic" performance, which has sometimes been overemphasized, would? "

"Pengembangan Stasiun Manggarai menjadi stasiun sentral pertama dan terbesar di Indonesia diproyeksikan akan menjadi episentrum baru daripergerakan masyarakat di kawasan Jabodetabek. Seiring berkembangnya kawasan Manggarai, kebutuhan masyarakatnya akan turut berkembangtermasuk kebutuhan tersier untuk hobi dan hiburan. Peningkatan minat ini mendorong industri kecantikan untuk terus berinovasi untuk menghadirkanproduk dan pelayanan yang baru. Maka dari itu didirikan Beauty Store & Salon untuk menyalurkan hobi dan kreativitas masyarakat sekitar sertapengunjung daerah Manggarai.

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The development of Manggarai Station to become the first and largest central station in Indonesia is projected to become the new epicenter of

community movement in the Jabodetabek area. As the Manggarai area develops, the needs of its people will also develop, including tertiary

needs for hobbies and entertainment. This increase in interest encourages the beauty industry to continue to innovate to present new products

and services. Therefore, the Beauty Store & Salon was established to channel the hobbies and creativity of the local community and visitors to

the Manggarai area."

"Balai Kemitraan Polisi dan Masyarakat (BKPM) Manggarai tampil sebagai pelopor era baru dalam pemolisian masyarakat. BKPM inovatif ini menggunakan pendekatan bangunan hijau, mengutamakan ventilasi alami dan mengurangi jejak karbon. Dengan mengurangi kebutuhan sistem HVAC, penggunaan energi bangungan turun sebesar 55% dan dapat menjadi proyek percontohan untuk gedung publik yang hijau. BKPM menawarkan suasana yang ramah dengan ruang publik terbuka yang dirancang untuk mendorong hubungan yang kuat antara masyarakat dan kepolisian. Hal ini dilakukan dengan menghubungkan skala pejalan kaki di lantai dasar dengan plaza yang menghadap ke skala kota, menciptakan ruang yang inspiratif namun nyaman bagi publik. Dengan bekerja secara kolaboratif dan transparan, BKPM bertujuan untuk membangun kepercayaan dan memberdayakan masyarakat untuk menciptakan Manggarai yang lebih aman dan dinamis.

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The Manggarai Police Community Partnership Bureau (PCPB) stands as a beacon of a new era in community policing.  This innovative Bureau utilizes a green building approach, prioritizing natural ventilation and reducing its carbon footprint. By reducing the need for mechanical HVAC system, the energy usage is down by 55% and can be a pilot building system for public buildings. Furthermore, the PCPB utilize a solar panel system and passive cooling system. PCPB embraces a welcoming atmosphere with open public spaces designed to foster strong connection between the community and the police by connecting the ground pedestrian scale with the plaza viewing the city scale, making an inspiring yet comfortable space for the public By working collaboratively and transparently, PCPB aims to build trust and empower the community to create a safer, more vibrant Manggarai."

"Data Kementerian Perhubungan menunjukkan Manggarai merupakan salah satu simpul transportasi terpenting di Jakarta dengan jumlah penumpang layanan KRL 120.000-160.000 setiap harinya. Tingginya volume pergerakan dan kepadatan di sekitar stasiun Manggarai memberikan tantangan besar terhadap kenyamanan dan kualitas hidup masyarakat. Proyek studio desain ini bertujuan untuk merancang apartemen di kawasan TOD Manggarai dengan pendekatan yang mengutamakan pengalaman hidup penghuninya. Apartemen yang didesain dengan baik dapat menjadi oase di tengah hiruk pikuk kota, memberikan ruang bagi penghuninya untuk beristirahat dan bersantai dengan tenang. Apartemen ini tidak hanya akan memenuhi kebutuhan hunian saja, namun juga akan meningkatkan kualitas hidup dengan memperhatikan kenyamanan dan ketenangan penghuninya.

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Data from the Ministry of Transportation shows that Manggarai is one of the most important transportation nodes in Jakarta, with 120,000-160,000 KRL service passengers every day. The high volume of movement and density around Manggarai station poses a major challenge to people's comfort and quality of life. This design studio project aims to design apartments in the TOD Manggarai area with an approach that prioritizes the living experience of its residents. A well-designed apartment can be an oasis amidst the hustle and bustle of the city, providing space for residents to rest and relax in peace. This apartment will not only fulfill residential needs, but will also improve the quality of life by paying attention to the comfort and tranquility of its residents."

"Manggarai merupakan salah satu kawasan yang pertumbuhan penduduknya meningkat pesat sehingga mengakibatkan kepadatan yang tinggi pada ruang kotanya. Ruang terbuka hijau dan ruang-ruang publik dapat dikatakan sangat kurang sehingga anak-anak dan remaja tidak memiliki tempat untuk bermain, bereksplorasi, dan belajar di lingkungan alam. Hal ini telah terbukti dengan adanya perpecahan, seperti tawuran anak-anak yang terjadi di Manggarai. Hal tersebut menandakan bahwa kurangnya edukasi yang diberikan secara baik kepada mereka. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk menghadirkan fasilitas yang dapat memberikan lingkungan yang interaktif dimana anak-anak dapat mengeksplorasi berbagai bidang dan aktivitas sesuai dengan usianya sehingga dapat merangsang kreativitas, berpikir kritis, dan menemukan bakat pada anak secara lebih dini agar terhindar dari dilema di masa depan. Dari konteks tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa tugas akhir ini akan merancang sebuah children’s discovery center yang dapat mengarahkan anak-anak untuk mengidentifikasi potensinya.

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Manggarai is one of the areas where population growth is increasing rapidly, resulting in high density in the city. It can be said that green open spaces and public spaces are lacking, so children and teenagers do not have a place to play, explore, and learn in the natural environment. This has been proven by the existence of divisions, such as the children's brawl that occurred in Manggarai. This indicates that there is a lack of proper education given to them. Therefore, it is important to provide facilities that can provide an interactive environment where children can explore various fields and activities according to their age so that they can stimulate creativity, critical thinking and discover talents in children early to avoid dilemmas in the future. From this context, it can be concluded that this final assignment will design a children's discovery center that can direct children to identify their potential."

"Manggarai adalah sebuah daerah yang terkenal atas dua hal: Kedudukannya dalam kota Jakarta sebagai simpul besar transportasi umum Jakarta, dan keberadaan daerah Pasar Rumput, yaitu suatu kawasan komersil yang memiliki ikatan erat dengan penjualan barang bekas berupa toilet, perabotan, kendaraan roda, dll. Maka, daerah Manggarai cocok untuk dibangun menjadi daerah TOD (Transit Oriented Development), yang mengedepankan mobilitas rakyat menggunakan transportasi alternatif, seperti kendaraan umum, ridesharing, dan berjalan kaki. Namun, lingkup daerah TOD Manggarai cukup luas dan hampir melebihi batas kenyamanan pejalan kaki. Oleh karena itu, dinilai dibutuhkan bantuan untuk menyukseskan penghubungan seluruh daerah Manggarai demi mewujudkan TOD yang baik. Bantuan ini diusulkan dalam bentuk menyediakan pusat mobilitas mobii.us yang memanfaatkan aspek komersil kendaraan roda lokal Manggarai untuk menyediakan opsi transit.

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Manggarai is an area known for two things: Its position in Jakarta as one of the major transit hubs of the city, and the presence of Pasar Rumput, a grassroots commercial area with strong connections to secondhand items such as sanitary items, furniture, transportation, etc. Therefore, Manggarai is considered suitable for development into a TOD (Transit Oriented Developmen) area, which prioritises mass mobility using alternative means of transportation such as mass transit, ridesharing, and walkability. However, the size of the Manggarai TOD Area is considered borderline too large to be fully traversable by foot. Thus, the Manggarai TOD Area requires transportation alternatives within the area itself to support the growth of the far reaches of the TOD. This alternative solution is provided by the mobii.us Mobiluty Hub, connecting the secondhand transport availability in the local area with the need for faster and easier transport within Manggarai."

"Kehidupan masyarakat di daerah Manggarai, khususnya masyarakat disekitaran Jalan Menteng Wadas tidak pernah lepas dari penggunaan sepeda motor sebagai alat transportasi sehari-hari. Sehingga untuk menghilangkan kemungkinan dari dampak yang dihasilkan jika motor tidak bisa digunakan untuk akomodasi sehari-hari ialah dengan membuat sebuah bengkel motor guna menservis/memperbaiki motor sehingga motor bisa tetap terjaga dan terawat untuk tetap menjadi akomodasi utama masyarakat. Selain itu bengkel motor tidak hanya menjadi tempat untuk menjaga kualitas motor, tetapi untuk juga mendukung “eksplorasi masyarakat” untuk mengotak ngatik motor dengan memberikan tempat untuk modifikasi motor sehingga masyarakat bisa belajar tentang motor dan hasil dari modifikasi motor mungkin saja bisa dijadikan lahan kerja untuk menaikan ekonomi masyarakat.

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The lives of people in the Manggarai area, especially the people around Jalan Menteng Wadas, have never been separated from the use of motorbikes as a means of daily transportation. So, to eliminate the possible impacts if the motorbike cannot be used for daily accommodation, it is necessary to create a motorbike repair shop to service/repair the motorbike so that the motorbike is maintained and maintained and remains the main recommendation for the community. Apart from that, the motorbike repair shop is not only a place to maintain the quality of motorbikes, but also supports "community exploration" to tinker with motorbikes by providing a place for motorbike modifications so that people can learn about motorbikes and the results of motorbike modifications can possibly be used as a job site to improve the economy."